穆时英小说的躯体修辞学

作家依据躯体修辞学建构的人物躯体形象,背后是特定的意义系统。穆时英小说前后期躯体形象具有不同特征:前期躯体形象体现的是传统历史叙事;后期躯体形象一方面展示出感官的放纵,另一方面呈现为精神的逃离。这种两难处境与西方现代人本主义哲学有很深关联,显示出作家文化选择上无法摆脱的精神困境。     

How (Not) to Form a Progressive Alliance: Lessons from the History of Left Cooperation

Britain’s political parties can be divided into two blocs: a ‘progressive bloc’ of parties on the left/centre‐left, and a ‘reactionary bloc’ of those on the right/centre‐right. In three of the last four general elections, the progressive bloc won an appreciably larger share of the popular vote than its reactionary rival. Yet its greater internal fragmentation has been repeatedly punished under first past the post, leading to what is now over a decade of Conservative‐led governments. This has prompted growing pressure to form a ‘progressive alliance’ between Labour, Liberal Democrats, Greens, and their Scottish, Welsh and Northern Irish nationalist competitors. This article sheds a historical and international light on these demands, examining the difficulties other similar efforts at progressive cooperation have faced across the world. It considers how progressive alliances have previously sought to overcome geographical, ideological, and social divides between their constituent members, and draws some salutary lessons for British progressives today.     

以人为本、执政为民与党的执政理念建设

以人为本、执政为民是党执政理念的核心,把握这一核心,有助于深刻理解中国共产党从非执政党交成执政党并领导中国社会主义事业不断取得胜利的历史,也有助于加深对党执政理念内涵的理解和认识,从而提高贯彻党在新时期执政理念的自觉性和主动性.     

推进新课程改革 提高历史教学的有效性

为推进高中历史的新课程改革,教师要充分理解、接受新课程理念,认真调整教学思维方式与态度;要坚持以学生为主体,逐渐实现教学方式的转变。可以采用联系实际法、对抗式讨论法和小组合作法等合理整合教学方法。同时,还应该注意促进教师的专业发展,以有效提升课程质量。     

Scientific racism,race war and the global racial imaginary

Abstract

The premise of this paper is the elucidation of a different ontology of global politics and order of the nineteenth century. International relations theory takes for granted a largely ahistorical state-centric ontology, which reifies a specific Eurocentric state and state-system as the embodiment of global politics. Instead, I focus on an alternative ontology of race, racial hierarchy and racial difference as significant for defining the content of an imperial global politics and order. My paper places into context the emergence of scientific racism and social Darwinism as key intellectual elements in defining a political imaginary that influenced the politics of difference and violence. What I show is that this intellectual history reveals a global order that was fundamentally racialised and that global violence was understood and practiced as race wars.     

外国法制史学科形成的历史基础与发展演进

外国法制史学科是一门研究世界上各种类型并具有代表性的法律制度及其法律体系的学科。其确立不足百年，20世纪30年代由苏联建立，在我国经历了60年发展变迁。但作为其研究对象和基础的外国法制史学，其在世界范围内的历史渊源却十分久远，最早可以追溯到古代的希腊和罗马。     

《诗经》所载西周春秋法制及其对后世的影响

从《诗经》反映的西周春秋时期法律发展情况看，周人已有一定的法律意识，当时作为法律称谓的语词后世大多演化为对成文法各种形式的称谓；由三代的天命、天罚观念发展而来的君权神圣观念，明德慎罚、礼乐政刑综合为用及注重社会和谐的思想也在此时初步形成；其时的礼乐、刑法、司法、婚姻、祭祀、土地等各项制度也都对后世有重大影响。     

BITING ONCE,TWICE: THE INFLUENCE OF PRIOR ON SUBSEQUENT CRIME LOCATION CHOICE

Properties, victims, and locations previously targeted by offenders have an increased risk of being targeted again within a short time period. It has been suggested that often the same offenders are involved in these repeated events and, thus, that offenders’ prior crime location choices influence their subsequent crime location choices. This article examines repeated crime location choices, testing the hypothesis that offenders are more likely to commit a crime in an area they previously targeted than in areas they did not target before. Unique data from four different data sources are used to study the crime location choices of 3,666 offenders who committed 12,639 offenses. The results indicate that prior crime locations strongly influence subsequent crime location choices. The effects of prior crime locations are larger if the crimes are frequent, if they are recent, if they are nearby, and if they are the same type of crime.     

Mortality under and after sentence of male convicts transported to Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania), 1840–1852

This article reports on mortality in a cohort of 7084 English, Irish and Scottish-born convict men who were transported on 30 ships to Tasmania between 1840 and 1852. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study of convict mortality that systematically traces the mortality of convicts after emancipation as well as under sentence. This pilot study investigates the relationship between pre-transportation characteristics, convict discipline, reactions to convict discipline, and mortality under and after sentence of the male convict population. The convict men were various in their origins but shared the experience of penal servitude under the gaze of a paper panopticon. Controlling for other factors, the authors find that the convicts were more likely to die under sentence if they were born in Scotland, London or an industrial-urban area; if they exhibited disturbed mental behaviour under sentence, such as tearing their clothes; or if they had more time in solitary confinement or more accumulated insults of their mind and body. For those who survived sentence, mortality was higher for those born in an industrial-urban area, those who had more alcohol-related offences under sentence, those with more time in solitary confinement under sentence, and those who were violent or threatened violence while under sentence.