日本近代户籍法的制定与家制度的形成

二次大战前,日本家制度的形成中,户籍法起了重大作用。明治政府为达到全面控制人民的目的,在维新之初,就对户籍管理特别重视,从明治四年的户籍法到十九年的户籍法,始终在修改和完善,而户籍法的实行不仅为明治维新各项改革的展开奠定了基础,同时也促进了近代日本家制度的形成。     

户籍歧视下的平等就业权——以“户籍歧视第一案”为例

劳动权是宪法赋予公民的一项基本权利。平等就业权是保障人生存权利的一种体现,也是基本人权的一种。我国的法律体系中对于保障劳动者平等就业权的条文并不多,且对于违反平等就业权的行为也仅仅是以有限列举的形式加以规制,且缺乏相应的法律责任。户籍歧视这一被公众所熟知的行为并未在法律中明文规定。"国内户籍歧视第一案"再次将以户籍歧视为代表的就业歧视行为置于公众的视野下,也暴露了我国现有劳动法律的不足,法律的修改和完善刻不容缓。     

“爰(■、辕)田”新解

所谓“爰田” ,并非“易田” ,更非赋税 ,而是先秦发展着的分户授田的制度。井田制下的“田易居” ,即农村公社时的分户授田制。春秋时的晋“作爰田” ,开创了由国家来实施大规模分户授田之先河。战国时商鞅“制辕田” ,亦为国家在打破家长制大家庭后施行更大规模的分户授田。古老的“村社”分户授田制 ,最终为国家授田制所取代     

户籍制度与流动人口福利权益的平等保障

我国户籍制度的变革是与国家的工业化和城市化战略紧密相连的。在城乡二元格局下，当前的户籍制度改革促进了公民迁徙自由权以及劳动和社会保障权的发展。但是由于这种改革更多地是从城市经济的发展角度来设计的，因而在整体上忽视了对外来流动人口的劳动和社会保障权益的维护。面对我国当前城市保障能力有限的事实，地方政府可以依据某种立法分类来实行“有差别”的平等保障。     

论户籍改革与迁徙自由

迁徙自由权是公民的一项基本人权,但是长期以来计划经济体制使我国对迁徙自由采取了限制态度。在宪法上明确公民的迁徙自由,是社会主义市场经济的需要,也是现代民主政治的必然要求。取消农业人口和非农业人口的差别性规定、建立统一的可以流通的户籍管理制度、实现迁徙自由是我国户籍制度改革的方向。通过户籍改革,可为迁徙自由的实现创造条件。     

我国“劳动法”与CPTPP劳工条款接合的法律方案研究

我国“劳动法”对接CPTPP劳工条款有利于我国融入国际经贸规则体系,也有利于避免社会倾销调查。我国“劳动法”对接CPTPP劳工条款的制度框架包括原则性条款、实体权利条款、组织性条款、实施条款和纠纷解决条款。我国“劳动法”与CPTPP劳工条款接合的法律方案可分为国际和国内两个层面。国际层面可利用双边协议争取劳工标准实施的缓冲期、利用程序性规定防止争端解决程序滥用、适时推进结社权和集体谈判权相关公约的批准。国内层面可在海南自贸港提前试行CPTPP劳工规则：在强迫劳动方面,重点推动服刑人员报酬制度改革;在职业歧视方面,重点推动户籍制度改革以消除基于户籍的制度性歧视;在结社权和集体谈判权方面,可参考借鉴CPTPP缔约国越南和新加坡的经验。     

中国户籍制度改革之研究——以《户籍法》的颁布为研究视角

户籍法律规范一直是解决我国户籍制度改革所有问题的关键,是我国户籍制度改革顺利推行之攻坚力量,道格拉斯.诺斯的制度变迁理论尤其是产权理论,在推进一项新的社会制度之有效变迁方面举足轻重,在一部法律规范的制定和完善方面同样是中流砥柱,对探索制定一部统一的《户籍法》,为我国户籍制度改革的稳步推进有重大的借鉴意义。     

对我国农民工市民化的思考

十七届三中全会《决定》提出，要建立促进城乡经济社会发展一体化制度。要落实这一制度，首先要实现农民工市民化。为此，必须推进农村户籍制度改革，实现农民工身份转换，从而维护社会的公平与稳定。     

Infant and child mortality in Sudan： Case of central region

This paper uses households＇ data from central region of Sudan to examine factors that affect infant and child mortality. The education of mother and father, community variables and household income per adult are used. For this purpose, a household survey was conducted to collect data on the variables of interest from a random sample withdrawn from the study population. 600 questionnaires were distributed to households in one province of the region （out of five） where there are seven localities. The data has been analyzed using different statistical and econometric methods, including ordinary least squares method. The ordinary least squares found that child mortality is inversely associated with household income per adult, community variables and parental education. The effect of mother＇s education is more significant than father＇s education, mother＇s age is also found to be the most important factor that influences child mortality.     

The stem family and labour markets: Reflections on households and firms in Japan's economic development

This paper examines a view that the traditional stem family system was one of the preconditions for Japan's modern economic development, focusing on labour markets and skill formation practices. The paper begins with a brief look at the Japanese stem family household formation rules. Then, exploration is made, first, on the self-employed, the largest sector of the early modern economy; second, the merchant house and its employment patterns as an origin of present day large corporations' employment system and skill formation and human capital management practices; and third, workshop industries, which formed middle and lower layers of the manufacturing sector in the period of industrialisation. Finally, women's marriage behaviour is examined in relation to labour markets, especially changes in real wages. All this is an attempt to go some way towards a better understanding of the ways in which the family economy and corporate firms worked in economic development, rather than to suggest an alternative hypothesis on the relationship between family and household factors and subsequent economic development.