There's more to it than data protection – Fundamental rights,privacy and the personal/household exemption in the digital age

Heated debates triggered by the plans to introduce the “right to be forgotten” exposed problems the all-encompassing application of rules on data processing may cause in practice. The purpose of this article is to discuss the compatibility of these rules with the rapidly evolving online environment in the context of the need to guarantee human rights on the internet. The author argues that there is an imbalance in the protection of individual rights online. It results from the limited application of personal/household exception and, in general, the narrow understanding of the concept of online privacy. According to the author in order for data protection laws to flesh out not only the fundamental right of data protection, but also play a mediatory role in balancing other rights, the application of the personal/household exception should be extended to include private online activities. This would reflect the complex character of the very concept of online privacy, diversity of actors and activities shaping online “territories”, as well as the increasingly heterogeneous fabric of the Web.     

The effect of social status on women's age at first childbirth in the late seventeenth- to early eighteenth-century Korea

While records on historical population are available and do exist, the fact that they are so limited in nature is a critical problem. We applied the method of family reconstitution to a Korean household register to deal with these limitations. Based on family reconstitution from five successive registers, we calculated women's age at first childbirth for each social status in two ways: “observed woman's age” at first childbirth = woman's current age–age of her first child, and “estimated woman's age” at first childbirth, which uses linear regression analysis on the basis of positive association between women's age and the age of their firstborn. Our results shed light on the effects of social status and cultural factors on the age at which women in pre-industrial Korea bore their first child.     

The Soviet constitution

Text Reviewed:

Pierre et Marie Lavigne Regards sur la Constitution sovietique de 1977, Economica, Collection Politique Comparée, Paris 1979.     

论公共利益之合理界定——以“中国最牛的钉子户”为视角

公共利益理念是行政执法中的核心理念，然而，目前学界对其认识不够理想。对于公共利益的界定、公共利益与公民个人利益的冲突、公共利益认定的程序等问题也缺乏相应的研究。笔者认为。在以公共利益之名行使行政职权时，应当从实体方面和程序方面界定公共利益，赋予公民一定的救济权利和救济途径，充分尊重和保护公民的基本生存权。     

集体成员权的界定与保障——以农村土地权益为例

随着城市化进程的加快、土地价值的猛增，涉及集体组织成员资格的利益分配问题成为各方争议的焦点。合理界定集体成员资格，保障成员合法的土地权益，需要完善立法、体制、司法等，转变所有制实现形式，使集体土地收益在合理的范围内进行有效分配。     

Division of Household Labor and Perceived Justice: A Growing Field of Research

The research on the perception of fairness and justice of the division of household labor is reviewed. The first part briefly summarizes the main findings about the division of housework, and the main explanations that account for the imbalance between women and men. The following review of studies on the perception of justice of the division of housework is subdivided in two parts. The first subsection deals with studies that considered justice evaluations as the dependent variable and explored factors that contribute to the perception of injustice. The second subsection focuses on studies that considered perception of fairness as the independent variable and explored associations between perceptions of injustice and other consequences of the division of housework. The third part comments critically on the available research and suggests potentially fruitful lines and questions of future research.     

我国现行户籍制度的成因及其影响

户籍制度是我国自1958年以来就开始实施的一项人口管理政策。形成户籍制度的根本目的是为了满足计划体制对社会管理的需要。虽然户籍制度的实施为计划经济奠定了重要社会基础，但同时也间接地造成我国城乡之间二元对立的社会格局。     

传统与变迁:透视中国的“家庭妇女”

本文利用20世纪80年代以来中国历次人口普查和大型人口抽样调查数据,对"家庭妇女"、即专门"料理家务"的女性群体的数量变化及其主要特征进行了统计分析。指出":料理家务"至今仍是中国部分女性的生存和生活方式;男女两性"料理家务"者有着本质不同、呈现两极分化状态;伴随着社会变迁,中国的"家庭妇女"群体也在更新换代,有越来越多的高学历女性加入到这一行列中来";料理家务"女性的城乡差异显著,但都属于社会的弱势群体。"家庭妇女"在当今中国社会是一个数量十分庞大的社会阶层,每七个成年女性中就有一人是"家庭妇女"。她们的生存与生活状态,直接影响着家庭、子女和社会,其特征和角色定位的变化折射着中国的社会变迁。     

论家庭联产承包责任制为发展农村民主政治所作的贡献

家庭承包责任制是我国广大农民发扬社会主义民主和自主精神的产物。责任制最大限度解放农村社会生产力 ,调动了广大农民参与农村民主政治建设的积极性 ;责任制加快了农村经济的发展和农村社会的进步 ,为推进农村民主政治建设打下更加坚实的物质基础。     

China Fables in Ink-and-Wash

正THE eight stories that make up the Ink-and-Wash Picture Books of Classic Chinese Stories series are known and told in every Chinese household.Compiled and illustrated by eminent pre-school art educator Cui Yan,these classic tales,vividly and colorfully portrayed in traditional ink and wash style,are a perennial favorite among young readers.