证人出庭难原因分析

证人出庭难的原因是多方面的,既有文化心理上的原因,也有诉讼价值层面和制度层面的原因;有社会原因,也有证人自身原因。证人出庭难是中国独特文化背景和司法制度下衍生出来的一种现象。     

论WTO争端解决机制的准司法性

WTO争端解决机制的性质始终存在政治 /外交性和司法 /法律性的争论 ;现行WTO争端解决机制具有一般司法制度的三个核心要件 ,但同时仍保有大量政治 /外交性因素 ;因此WTO争端解决机制是一种具备初步司法制度雏形 ,但仍带有大量政治 /外交色彩的准司法性机制。     

论民行侦查权的合理运用

民行侦查权几经起落,最终还是回归。各地检察院民行部门近几年运用该权力查办司法人员职务犯罪成果寥寥。是法院公正无私？还是检察院查处无力？如是前者,为何民间指责之声不绝于耳、执行潜规则大行于世？看来原因在于后者。没有侦查权的有效行使,注定了民行检察的积贫积弱和抗诉效果的差强人意。检察机关应当重新认识和处理法检关系;提高发现线索的能力和意识;实行科学的职务犯罪办案模式;重点查处执行人员的职务犯罪。     

Models of judicial administration and the independence of the judiciary: a comparison of Romanian self‐management and the Czech executive model

The Rule of Law is a necessary condition for economic, social and political development in countries undergoing transition from authoritarianism to democracy. The Rule of Law requires an independent judiciary, one that is impartial and insular. In Eastern Europe democratic transition has produced two models of judicial administration: judicial self‐management and the executive model. Romania is a case of the former, the Czech Republic an instance of the latter. Comparison of the two cases suggests that while political developments are important to the preservation of judicial independence, the consolidation of democracy and the organisation of the judiciary are in a reciprocal relationship. The organisation of the judiciary is necessary for the legislative transparency and oversight of the executive branch which in turn guards against the politicisation of judicial management, with its adverse consequences for the independence of the judiciary and ultimately the Rule of Law. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

行政程序视野中的我国警察诉愿制度初探

为了使警察在受到行政机关（主要是来自于警察部门）的行政处分时,能在现有的法律框架内通过正当法律程序求得有效的救济,并能在行政体制内彻底地化解,应当尽快完善法律体系,通过制定行政程序法、诉愿法的方式,明确规定＂警察诉愿＂制度,夯实依法治警、从严治警的基础,同时真正让警察维权时能有法可依,更好地实现和维护好自己的合法权益。     

司法民主化的追问

民主与司法是两种不同的权力和政治过程,不能以一种事物的属性来改造另一种事物,否则就会对事物造成破坏,因此让一种事物他化的提法本身就是错误的。而宪法是民主的产物和最高体现,所以权力的合宪化就是权力民主化的最高体现,司法权的民主化也只能表现为合宪化而不是受宪法外权威的操纵和支配,因为那只会使司法权异化并根本上破坏权力的民主性质。因此,司法权对这些因素应当进行抵制而不是迎合,司法合宪化才是民主的真谛。     

对国家司法考试制度的宪法学思考

自2002年开始,我国的司法考试至今已历三届。我们选取了国家司法考试制度中的若干问题,从宪法学的角度进行观察思考,以我国宪法所确立的制度、原则与精神为基准,对司法考试做一检视,其内容包括考试的性质、名称、主管机关、报考资格、通过条件、经费开支,以及法律职业资格的效力等问题。     

现代司法理念与法官制度

法官制度改革是当前司法改革的重要内容之一,但改革的进程离不开现代司法理念的指引.现代司法理念的根本含义是司法公正和司法效率,其对法官制度的要求就是法官精英化和法官独立,因此,应当从法官的选任和职业保障两个方面来改革我国的法官制度.     

Implicit Consitutional Change-Changing the Meaning of the Constitution Without Changing the Text of the Document

Constitutional change is often thought of as explicit constitutional change, i.e., as change that implies a modified wording of the constitutional document. In this paper, the possibilities of implicit constitutional change, i.e., change that is not accompanied by formally changing the constitution, are analyzed. The separation of powers a la Montesquieu is taken as a starting point and it will be argued that constitutional change can be brought about by all government branches, i.e., by the executive, the legislature, and the judiciary. If this argument is accepted it follows that the judiciary-even when endowed with the competence of judicial review-is not the ultimate arbiter in supervising constitutional change. It is the main hypothesis of this paper that the judiciary in bringing about implicit constitutional change is subject to a number of constraints among which the original document plays a rather marginal role. Instead, it is claimed that the current preferences of the other government organs as well as those of the population are more relevant in ascertaining the meaning of the constitution at a given point in time.     

司法与行政:中国司法行政化及其检讨

司法行政化是中国司法改革的重大阻碍和重要对象,它也是研究司法改革“中端”层面的很好切入点。本文从中国司法行政化的宏观观察、症结分析和克服对策三个方面阐述了一条新的司法改革路径。