关于提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重的思考

如果将提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重与按劳分配为主、多种分配方式并存的分配原则联系起来理解,按劳分配为主应该是劳动报酬在国民收入分配中占较大的比重。这既可以实现共同富裕,又与当今世界发展趋势相一致。通过对国民收入初次分配领域现状的分析,可以得出以下两点,一是自1992年以来劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重不断下降;二是通过比较分析,劳动报酬提高的空间还是很大的。政府通过实施工资倍增计划,可以为提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重创造一个十分有利的宏观环境。     

罚金刑易科制度研究

罚金刑的广泛适用顺应了世界刑罚轻缓化的趋势,有效弥补了短期自由刑的弊端,但与此同时,罚金刑的执行难却是一个世界性难题。应在借鉴国外立法的基础上,结合我国国情,设计适应我国的罚金刑易科制度。     

劳工标准的决定：中国的实证分析

本文通过实证分析，认为发展中国家劳工标准的高低，是同其生产力发展水平相一致的。因此，发达国家不能要求发展中国家在现有的生产力水平的基础上提高劳工标准。     

试论劳动教养制度的改革与完善

劳动教养制度作为我国的一项法律制度，从1955年诞生至今已近有50多年了，它在维护社会稳定，改造轻微犯罪人员等方面起了不可忽视的作用。今天，在建设“法治国”的进程中，人们开始以新的视角来审视它，并进而对涉及这一制度的许多根本性问题提出质疑，这对深化劳教制度的改革乃至推动国家的法制建设无疑具有重要的意义。本文介绍了劳动教养制度的发展现状及存在的问题，并阐述了劳动教养制度改革的趋势。     

试论劳动教养制度的改革与完善

作为我国的一项法律制度,劳动教养制度在维护社会稳定、改造轻微犯罪人员等方面起到了不可忽视的作用。但随着社会的发展和行政权力在相应社会领域里的淡化,劳动教养制度在程序和实体方面都呈现出一些问题,对其进行深度改革已成为必然。     

The Labor(s) of Degrowth

The degrowth debate so far has lacked a clear vision of what social subjects, and which processes of political subjectivation, can turn its vision into a political strategy. In this contribution to the debate on degrowth and eco-socialism, I point to the place of labor in the politics of socio-ecological revolution, arguing that degrowth should aim for a truly democratic, workers’ controlled production system, where alienation is actively countered by a collective reappropriation of the products of labor and by a truly democratic decision-making process over the use of the surplus. Such strategy must be based on an extended concept of class relations that goes beyond the wage labor relation, and toward a broader conception of work as a (gendered and racialized) mediator of social metabolism. I conclude that ecosocialist degrowth should take the form of a struggle for dealienating both industrial and meta-industrial labor.     

Restraining Gulliver: Institutional reform and the strengthening of state capacity and compliance

Governance in the developing world is fraught with problems of corruption, weak institutions, and inadequate expertise among bureaucrats. Failing to enforce laws and regulations is one way in which these problems manifest themselves. In this paper, we evaluate changes across three institutions charged with oversight or administration of labor justice in Mexico. We find that both autonomy from the executive and professionalization are necessary to improve compliance with labor law over time. Our study shows that professionalization can occur in several ways, including through training, merit hiring, and introducing experienced external administrators. The implications of the study are that reforms that increase the independence and legal authority of oversight institutions should be complemented by efforts to strengthen the professionalism of bureaucrats.     

Governance gaps in eradicating forced labor: From global to domestic supply chains

A growing body of scholarship analyzes the emergence and resilience of forced labor in developing countries within global value chains. However, little is known about how forced labor arises within domestic supply chains concentrated within national borders, producing products for domestic consumption. We conduct one of the first studies of forced labor in domestic supply chains, through a cross‐industry comparison of the regulatory gaps surrounding forced labor in the United Kingdom. We find that understanding the dynamics of forced labor in domestic supply chains requires us to conceptually modify the global value chain framework to understand similarities and differences across these contexts. We conclude that addressing the governance gaps that surround forced labor will require scholars and policymakers to carefully refine their thinking about how we might design operative governance that effectively engages with local variation.     

我国国民收入初次分配中劳动报酬比重偏低问题研究

企业收入分配权引发的问题,同财产权中的决策权、经营管理权有因果关系。在企业决策权和经营管理权中,共赢的制度规则将使企业分配带来共赢的结果,反之则相反。因此,调整企业收入分配不公问题,关键在于保持外部约束的刚性,促使企业对资本财产权中的决策权和经营管理权加以调整,以此实现属于劳动者的企业增量收入分配权。     

When I grow up… I don't want to be broke: The problems with child actor trust fund requirements

Child actors have consistently been treated as typical minority laborers, with all of their earnings legally belonging to their parents. After many child actors were left with scraps at the end of their minority, Coogan's law was enacted in California to require parents of child actors to withhold some of their earnings in a trust. However, almost a century after Coogan's law was passed, there are still many child actors left with nothing. This Note proposes to both enact further union regulations to protect child actors in every state, and also to raise the required amount withheld from fifteen percent (15%) to fifty percent (50%).