农村城镇化建设的制约因素及其对策研究

改革开放以来,我国的城市发展速度不断加快,有效地带动了经济建设的快速发展。然而,作为农业大国,"三农"问题一直受到社会的广泛关注,业已成为制约我国经济进一步发展的重要因素。推进农村城镇化建设工作,是有效解决这一问题的关键所在。当前农村城镇化建设中存在的制约因素表现在经济、社会和居民生活三个方面,而促进城镇化建设应科学规划,注重中心村镇发展,加快农村经济发展,促进农村全面发展,实现人民的共同富裕。     

Cultural Planning and Urban Renewal in South Africa

The author explores the role of cultural planning as a planning tool in South Africa. He argues that cultural planning contributes to arts "as an intrinsic part of the way humans operate in the world" (Bamford 2006, 19), thereby focusing on cultural identity, creativity, and the globalization of culture. Arguing that cultural planning, as an engine for community development, is essential in South Africa, the author examines the broad definition and importance of cultural planning; the status of South African cities, particularly Johannesburg and Tshwane in Gauteng Province; and the requirements for successful cultural planning.     

New Urbanism and Selection Bias in the Formation of Social Capital

Over the past several decades, there has been a decline in social capital in American communities. New urbanism has been proposed as a tool to reverse some of this decline. This study seeks to understand the potential benefits of new urbanism in terms of social capital. Differences in social capital between a new urbanist subdivision (NUS) and a standard suburban subdivision (SSS) are compared. The findings of this study suggest that residents of NUSs have more social capital than residents of SSSs. However, many of the differences between the two communities disappeared when a social bias control was added to the model.     

新生代农民工的城市适应与社工专业的介入

农民工群体内部正发生着代际转移,第二代农民工已开始进入“城市舞台”成为农民工的主体,这些新生代农民工的群体特征和生存状况成为社会关注的重要问题。文章试图在已有的调查和文献研究的基础上,进一步剖析新生代农民工在城市适应和融入中所遇到的双重困境,希望介入社会工作的专业助人方式,为缓解新生代农民工在城市适应问题提供一定的策略和解决途径。     

Fulani on the Move: Seasonal Economic Migration in the Sahel as a Social Process

Most research on short-term rural to urban migration and its impacts takes an economic approach and often emphasises negative aspects of migration, linking it synergistically with rural poverty in sending areas. Data from Fulani migrants in Northern Burkina Faso challenge this pessimistic view of short-term labour migration. Rather than a response to destitution, migration seems to be a useful way in which reasonably prosperous households can further enhance livelihood security. Moreover, factors not easily incorporated into a standard economic analysis, identity and village networks, emerge as being essential to the understanding of migration in this population. Finally, migration emerges as a highly dynamic process, which an ahistorical, static framework of analysis fails to capture.     

Process of Cluster Formation in China: A Case Study of a Garment Town

In China industrial clusters consisting of small and medium enterprises have been proliferating in areas where private sectors have successfully developed. This study inquires into the process of forming a new industrial cluster and the roles of local and distant urban traders in the garment industry in China. We found that the local marketplace, where enterprise managers can easily purchase materials from and sell products to local traders, plays a critical role in stimulating the entry of new enterprises in the early stage of cluster development. As a cluster develops, however, entrepreneurial ability in producing high-quality products and marketing them to urban traders plays a more significant role.     

The spatial division of labour in Nepal

This article examines how economic activity and market participation are distributed across space. Applying a nonparametric von Thünen model to Nepalese data, we uncover a strong spatial division of labour. Non-farm employment is concentrated in and around cities while agricultural wage employment dominates villages located further away. Vegetables are produced near urban centres; paddy and commercial crops are more important at intermediate distances. Isolated villages revert to self-subsistence. Findings are consistent with the von Thünen model of concentric specialisation, corrected to account for city size. Spatial division of labour is closely related to factor endowments and household characteristics, especially at the local level.     

中国城镇居民养老保险对消费行为的影响研究——基于Feldstein生命周期假说模型

现阶段我国面临人口老龄化加剧和内需疲软难题,研究城镇居民养老保险对消费的影响,有利于为我国建立扩大消费需求长效机制提供理论支撑和政策建议。文章通过使用1980-2010年中国城镇居民人均消费性支出、人均可支配收入、人均储蓄和人均养老保险支出等数据,基于Feldstein生命周期假说模型,实证分析中国城镇居民养老保险对消费行为的影响效应。分析结果表明,中国城镇居民人均养老保险支出每增加1%,消费就会增加0.5%,说明城镇居民养老保险对消费有较大的推动作用,另外增加居民的人均可支配收入,也可以扩大消费。     

大型活动风险评估与管理——封闭空间内的风险识别及控制

本文以项目管理中的项目风险管理思想为理论依据,兼而运用风险评估技术中的分析流程图法,即采用层次逻辑判断的方法,将大型社会活动封闭空间内可能出现的各种情形进行恰当的分类,针对每一类情形,梳理风险要素,进行分析和归类,并提出相应的风险管理建议,以期为公安及相关部门提供相应的参考.