The Geography of the Recent Housing Crisis: The Role of Urban Form

This study maps the geography of the recent housing crisis within and across American metropolitan areas, and evaluates how it is related to a series of spatial and socioeconomic variables at neighborhood and metropolitan levels. It finds that the spatial patterns of housing recessions vary widely by region. In general, fast-growing metropolitan areas in the Southwest and Florida experienced not only deeper but also longer housing recessions. In contrast, metropolitan areas in the South (except in Florida) saw shallower and shorter housing recessions. Metropolitan areas in the Midwest and Northeast had fewer price declines in the crisis, but their housing recessions tended to be longer. Housing recessions tend to be deeper and longer in larger metropolitan areas. Neighborhoods located closer to city centers experienced shallower and shorter recessions compared with those in fringe areas. Even after controlling for many other variables, automobile dependency is still a strong and positive predictor of housing recession depth and duration. The effects of other urban form variables, such as land-use density and mixed use, are mixed and vary by region. The significance of the effects of neighborhood demographic variables on recession depth is highly dependent on the inclusion of high-risk loan in the model, suggesting that predatory and high-risk lending is one major reason why lower income and minority neighborhoods were hit harder by the recent housing crisis. The effects of high-risk loan and neighborhood demographic variables on housing recession duration, however, are rather weak.     

吉林省构建城乡统一的建设用地市场探析

构建城乡统一的建设用地市场,既是制度变迁的结果,也是符合市场经济发展规律的必然,其对吉林省的经济发展具有重要的现实意义.但是,构建城乡统一的建设用地市场是一种新的尝试和探索,必须在借鉴相关省份已有模式和经验的基础上,探索构建吉林省城乡统一的建设用地市场的对策.     

合作治理：成都市推进城市社区建设的探索与思考

随着城市化进程的加快,社区建设已成为城市社会管理的关键所在。近年来．成都市在城市社区建设中对城市社区“合作治理”进行了有益的探索并取得了初步成效。但由于受诸多不利因素的影响和制约．城市社区“合作治理”在实践中还存在一些问题,需要从改革城市社区“合作治理”体制、培育社区民间组织、强化市场化运作、建立有效对接机制等方面推进城市社区建设。     

城市公共安全视阈中的流动人口问题应对：从管控到服务

从某种程度上讲,流动人口会给城市社会治安、资源与环境安全、公共卫生安全及经济安全等造成一定的风险.城市政府针对流动人口问题采取的传统管控方式已无法从根本上消除可能产生的安全风险.为此,政府在流动人口管理问题上需要实现由“管控”到“服务”的转变,变运动式治理为常态治理,通过制度建设促进社会融合,以此解决流动人口可能造成的社会风险问题.     

Transportation and Socioemotional Well-Being of Urban Students With and Without Disabilities

This study explored the extent to which transportation difficulties were associated with social, psychological, and academic experiences of urban, at-risk students who recently experienced a school transition. Participants included 165 predominantly African American and Latino/a high school youth with and without disabilities, a critical population for community psychology to address given their likelihood of multiple marginalizations. Results suggested transportation problems within school predicted more school stressors and aggressive behavior. Transportation problems to and from school predicted fewer school resources, less school belonging, and more school stressors, anxiety, and depression. Greater time to get to school predicted fewer school resources, less school belonging, and more depressive symptoms. This study demonstrates the importance of including transportation in how the school day is conceptualized, and offers several implications for how transportation services can be best addressed.     

Depressive Symptoms in Young,Urban Schoolchildren: Environmental,Social, and Cognitive Risk

This study examined relations among stressors, perceived social competence, attributional style, and depressive symptoms in young urban schoolchildren. Data were collected from 85 5- to 11-year-olds, mostly African American, who attended a public elementary school in a low-income urban area. Social competence was examined as a potential mediator, and attributional style was examined as a potential moderator of the relation between stressful life events and depressive symptoms. Separate analyses were conducted by age and gender. For older children and girls, main effects were found for stressful life events as predictors of depressive symptoms. Mediational analyses indicated that perceived peer acceptance served as a mediator of the relation between stressful life events and depressive symptoms for girls. In addition, attributional style moderated the relation between stressors and depressive symptoms in the older children. Together, findings suggest that significant relations exist among stressful life events, social and cognitive processes, and depressive symptoms in young urban children and that these relations are influenced by gender and development.     

论警民关系对于城区警务改革的意义——以辽宁省改革实践为例

为加强公安工作、更好地服务于人民,辽宁省自2011年开始启动城区警务改革,主要集中在三个方面：警务管理体制、警务运行机制、警务操作模式。城区警务模式的成败关键在于良好和谐的警民关系的构建。文章从辽宁省城区警务改革出发,分析了警民关系的内涵和性质,总结了警民关系对于城区警务模式改革的重要性。     

昆明“3·01”事件后城市反恐的着力点

昆明"3·01"事件有恐怖犯罪实施、国际恐怖势力、恐怖活动的组织活动等三个环节,这三个环节是恐怖势力在城市进行恐怖活动的三层"附着力"。北京"10·28"、昆明"3·01"和乌鲁木齐"4·30"恐怖事件后中国面临的恐怖威胁进入一个新阶段,城市恐怖威胁越来越突出,恐怖袭击在内地城市可能呈现泛化现象,城市反恐成为国家安全的重要议题。城市反恐斗争的着力点就是打击恐怖势力在城市的"附着力"。     

城市适应视域下流动人口犯罪预防研究

流动人口主要是农村剩余劳动力向城市流动,他们难以适应城市是普遍存在的社会问题,其极端表现为犯罪。预防流动人口犯罪,应当以加强流动人口城市适应为切入口,注重流动人口的素质教育,将社会外部要求转化为自我内心尺度,从主观上消除或减弱犯意的产生;通过科学管理、规范其社会行为,割断可能导致犯罪产生的外部条件,防患于未然;针对犯罪问题,则应采取果断手段依法严肃打击．     

农村宅基地置换城镇住房的理论内涵阐释

农村土地流转作为破解制约我国经济和社会发展的“三农”问题的一种探索,刺激全国各地区分别从各自实际出发进行多样性方式的实践,具有代表性的是天津市单纯“宅基地换房”与嘉兴市“两分两换”模式下的农村宅基地置换城镇住房尝试。通过对两试验区的典型模式进行分析,找出这些模式立论的理论基础并探寻这些基础的局限,进而探究出农村宅基地置换城镇住房的价值向度是资本价值向度,忽略了农村宅基地天然具有的人权价值向度。