妨害清算罪之立法反思与完善——以我国现行公司、企业清算制度为背景

随着新《公司法》、《企业破产法》及相关司法解释的出台,我国公司、企业清算制度的法律框架基本形成,对清算人②、清算义务人③等相关主体违法清算或怠于清算的民事和行政责任追究机制亦逐步完善。然而在刑法规制层面上,则仅有妨害清算罪这一罪名,并且由于其立法之内在缺陷,未能完全反映当前公司、企业清算制度在刑法上的要求。因而有必要借鉴国外立法经验,从行为方式、时间要素、犯罪主体等构成要件方面入手,完善妨害清算罪立法,以期实现对公司、企业清算制度及债权人利益的全面刑法保护。     

《刑法修正案（六）》第七条和第八条之研讨

从刑事立法的演化进程看,刑法第一百六十三条和第一百六十四条是从贪污贿赂罪中逐渐剥离而分立出来的,实践中将其统称为商业贿赂罪的做法不够严谨科学。《刑法修正案(六)》第七条和第八条将刑法第一百六十三条和第一百六十四条的受贿主体由原来的“公司企业人员”扩展至“公司企业及其他单位工作人员”,为打击既非公司企业工作人员、也非从事公务的国家工作人员或准国家工作人员的收受贿赂行为及对之行贿的行为提供了法律依据。其罪名可确定为“非公务人员受贿罪”与“对非公务人员行贿罪”。司法适用中也应注意修正案的时间效力及法条援引方法。     

The Welsh Liberal Democrats: From Government to Opposition and Then Back Again?

For over 50 years from 1945 onwards, the Liberal Party and then the Liberal Democrats were either in decline in Wales or struggling to survive from election to election. Since 1997, however, there has been a steady evolution in the party's electoral and political strength. Over this past decade, the Welsh Liberal Democrats, as a state party, have experienced a change in electoral fortunes that has on occasions put them into national political power well in advance of their federal counterparts in England. As an autonomous state party within a federal structure, the Welsh Liberal Democrats have been able to take like a duck to water to the arrival of devolution in the form of the Welsh Assembly. This article examines how the evolution of the party has occurred and, in particular, the role that has been played by the Welsh Liberal Democrat Assembly Members in Welsh politics. The article also explores not only the strengths but also the weaknesses that still dog the Welsh party as it seeks once more to become a major force in Welsh politics.     

我国诱惑侦查之现状及法律规制

诱惑侦查是指侦查人员设置圈套或诱饵,暗示或诱使侦查对象暴露其犯罪意图并实施犯罪行为,待犯罪行为实施时或结果发生后,拘捕被诱惑者。作为一种特殊的侦查形式,因其成功侦破特殊类型的犯罪案件的高效性而在我国得到越来越多的运用。但这一侦查手段在实践运用中存在许多问题。我们可借鉴国外的法理和实践,从侦查目的、侦查模式及法治化要求的角度对诱惑侦查全面分析,并对其有效规范和制约,以更好地发挥其作用,规避其危险性。     

论持有型犯罪的罪过形式

本文把持有型犯罪分为“拒不说明”型和单纯持有型两种 ,并指出单纯持有型犯罪的罪过设置在我国刑事立法上的缺陷 :由于罪过设置不明朗 ,容易使人把单纯持有型犯罪作为无罪过形式的犯罪来对待 ,以致有悖于主、客观要件相统一的定罪原则使司法运作陷入尴尬境地。因此作者建议 :立法上对于单纯持有型犯罪的罪过设计可参照拒不说明型犯罪的规定完善之。     

征地补偿法律问题研究

随着社会生产力的发展,工业化进程的推进,我国的城市化和城镇化的进程也已经开始加速。城镇化遇到的首要问题就是征地问题。然而,失地农民在征地过程中却得不到相应合理的补偿,自身合法利益经常遭受侵害。文章在研究现阶段征地补偿的现状基础上,从法律视角分析了征地补偿诸多问题产生的原因,并提出了相应的立法建议。     

Institutional determinants of the largest seat share

The degree of predominance of the largest party in a representative assembly affects government formation and survival. The seat share of the largest party, in turn, is constrained by the interaction of assembly size and electoral district magnitude in the following way. When all S seats in an assembly are allocated in districts of magnitude M, a logical quantitative model proposes that the largest fractional share is s₁ = (MS)^−1/8. As a curve, the model is found to fit with R² = 0.509, considering data from the averages of 46 periods in 37 countries, during which the electoral rules were essentially steady. As a worldwide average, the expression s₁(MS)^1/8 = 1 holds within 1%. Deviations from this average express the impact of various country-specific political and socio-cultural factors that can be investigated once the basic institutional constraints are controlled-for. This means that the degree of largest party predominance may be engineered to hover around a desired average by adjusting assembly size, and district magnitude, while keeping country-specific factors in mind.     

电子政务现实冲突及其解决

当前我国电子政务在现实中与政府管理创新、政府组织结构、法律滞后、行政成本、信息资源开发利用及安全等产生冲突。对于这些冲突,一方面要从行政机制上寻求解决方案,另一方面要用立法的办法来解决。立法解决是在立法原则的基础上,订立电子政务相关法律的基础性体系、核心性体系和运作性体系。     

实施产品召回制度的法律思考

缺陷产品的召回制度作为政府管理产品质量的一种有效手段,在发达国家已非常完善,而我国在此方面的立法很不完善。这种立法差异直接导致了企业轻视召回缺陷产品和政府在缺陷产品监管上的无力,使消费者正当权益受损害。为此,应借鉴发达国家的实践经验,结合中国国情,完善我国的产品召回制度,以形成保护消费者、维护市场安全与稳定、增加生产者与销售者的产品质量责任和政府的产品监管职责的法律制度。