论检察告诉对告诉才处理案件的救济--法理与制度的双重分析

关于告诉才处理案件中的检察告诉制度 ,学界对其虽有论及 ,但真正深入探讨的不多。因而理论上的模糊导致司法实践在此方面操作上的困惑 ,影响了对该制度的有效实施。笔者在对相关制度及立法意图进行全面分析的基础上 ,提出了检察告诉仅仅是一种国家帮助告诉并不能改变告诉才处理案件的性质的观点 ,同时阐述了国家帮助告诉应当遵循的原则 ,并在此基础上提出了对该制度的一些修改意见。     

拐卖妇女、儿童罪及相关犯罪的立法缺陷与完善

拐卖妇女、儿童罪及相关犯罪主要包括拐卖妇女、儿童罪、收买被拐卖的妇女、儿童罪以及聚众阻碍解救被收买妇女、儿童罪等。当前 ,拐卖人口犯罪屡禁不止且异常猖獗 ,其重要原因之一是新《刑法》所规定的这些犯罪仍存在着立法缺陷。文章阐述了拐卖妇女、儿童罪及相关犯罪的立法缺陷 ,并提出了立法完善的建议     

刑事执行立法浅议

刑事执行法是刑事法律体系的三大支柱之一。刑事法律体系的完备、现行行刑主体的多元化、《监狱法》的缺陷都呼唤制定一部统一的刑事执行法。五十多年的实践、理论和立法使刑事执行法的立法时机已成熟。刑事执行法的立法应符合刑事执行的规律     

Meaning construction in legislative discourse: a sociosemiotic interpretation on supervision system reform in China

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the reform of supervision system in China through the Supervision Law, and identifies this Law as a sign within its corresponding social and political purposes and intentions from the sociosemiotic perspective. Within its legislation process, the Supervision Law could be identified as both a sign textualized among the disciplinary regulations, and as a signifier configured with the successive interpretants by relevant laws, for example, the Constitution Amendment 2018 and the Criminal Procedure Law 2018, showing the social construction of legislative meaning as infinite semiosis. In other words, from the whole process of sign perception, reception, acceptation, and interpretation, a legislative text could be interpreted both as a sign constructed in the external but relevant sign systems and as a signifier reconstructed with the successive but infinite interpretants in the internal sign system. This study also finds that the social construction of meaning is achieved and represented to the extent which is constructed through the representation and interpretation of law-making process by sign receivers or legal participants.     

Federalism and Governability in Brazil: Oil Royalties in Dispute

This article discusses the relationship between governability and federalism in Brazil, analysing the dispute among Brazilian states for oil royalties. This conflict features an unusual pattern in federal legislative voting, leading to regional alignment, rather than the usual party political configuration. This study explains the phenomenon by showing how this organisation makes it possible to align the preferences of national party leaders, regional party leaders, parliamentarians, and each state's voters. The political influence of governors and mayors is also underlined, and the Union's role in the process is described in detail.     

立法解释的学理解构与制度重建——以刑法为视角

立法解释是在法律施行的过程中，立法机关对法律用语所作的阐释。立法解释存在诸多缺陷。从宏观角度而言，立法解释既不符合民主原则，也不符合法治原则，是规则中心主义的体现，其内容与司法解释内容高度趋同。从微观角度而言，立法解释不当地介入诸多问题。司法解释完全可以取代立法解释，其质量可以得到监督和保障，同时，人们应当坚持客观解释的立场。     

被害人视阈下刑事和解制度的缺陷

2012年修改后的刑事诉讼法增加规定了刑事和解制度,建立这一制度的目的是保护被害人利益、修复被犯罪人所破坏的社会关系、促进犯罪人顺利回归社会。但是,现行法律规定在实施中暴露出程序操作规范缺失、缺少非刑罚处理方法、赔偿标准不够细化、配套机制不健全等问题,尚待修改完善。     

论政府数据开放立法的路径及其选择--以《贵阳市政府数据共享开放条例》为例

政府数据开放立法根植于开放政府运动,是政府数据开放顺利进行之基石。大数据时代,行政机关成为海量政府数据的产生者、保有者,如何让政府数据资源发挥其巨大价值,服务于公共利益,摆脱"束之高阁"的命运,政府数据开放立法的路径尝试不可或缺。不管是从权利基础,还是政策嬗变、适法依据,政府数据开放立法具有其内在的正当性。但基于法律的滞后性和稳定性,我国的政府数据开放出现了实践先行、立法滞后的局面。通过对《贵阳市政府数据共享开放条例》的深入挖掘和分析,可管窥政府数据开放立法路径的未来走向,因此应通过对贵阳立法实践的反思和批判,肯定贵阳的创新与可取之处,同时指明政府数据开放的功能定位,比较分析三种立法模式的利弊,厘清政府数据开放的关键语义,为政府数据开放从条例上升到法律提供参考。     

Decoding Western Festive Season Symbols and Rituals in Marketing Messages: A Bottom of the Pyramid Consumer Study in South Africa

Abstract

This study explored the communication of marketing messages containing traditional, Western festive season symbols and rituals. Specifically, the research sought to understand the decoding of such messages portraying festive season symbols (like Santa Claus and Christmas trees) and rituals, by Afrocentric bottom of the pyramid (BOP) consumers. This qualitative study involved interviews with thirty-one participants in two metropolitan areas in South Africa. The study used a combination of semi-structured interview questions and treatments of two South African television advertisements and two newspaper advertisements depicting Western festive season symbols and rituals. The study revealed a broadly positive sentiment towards the festive season, where festive season activities allow participants to implement their Afrocentric cultural values of unity and collective responsibility. Findings also show that Afrocentric cultural values do affect the decoding of these marketing messages. There was also a variety of responses to marketing messages displaying the symbols of Christmas trees and Santa Claus, which were not common in BOP consumer households. The key recommendation highlighted by this study is that marketing messages communicated to South African BOP consumers should also consider Afrocentric values of unity and collective responsibility.     

Editor’s Note

Envisioning a well-ordered society composed of filial subjects who obeyed the law, avoided disputes, shunned religious heresy, paid their taxes, and peacefully engaged in agriculture, the Kangxi emperor’s “Sacred Edict of Sixteen Maxims” (圣谕十六条) has often been considered a declaration of the alien Qing dynasty’s Confucian bona fides. While the rhetoric of the pronouncement echoed traditional moral values, the political acumen of the Qing rulers was readily apparent in the eighth maxim, “explain the laws to warn the ignorant and obstinate.” Melding moral and legal education, the eighth maxim specifically endorsed the efficacy of the law. The importance placed on legal knowledge was abundantly clear in one of the earliest commentaries, which explained all sixteen maxims with examples of applicable legal guidelines. Thus, the “Sacred Edict” was a shrewd maneuver that endorsed traditional moral values, but it also foreshadowed a “legislative turn” in the Qing rule that was discernible in the evolving ethos of criminal justice. Despite the extensive efforts to propagate the “Sacred Edict,” violent crime was on the rise in the Kangxi, Yongzheng, and Qianlong reigns. When transformation through moral “teaching and cultivation” (jiaoyang 教养) failed to alleviate social conflict, Qing rulers reconsidered and revised the established practice of criminal justice and the existing concept of criminal behavior. By the end of the eighteenth century, the effort to stem the tide of violent crime relied less on ideological exhortation and more on legislation that articulated harsh punishments. This “legislative turn” in Qing criminal justice resulted in an aggressive policy of deterrence that facilitated the greater use of capital punishment.