网络舆论危机事件中公众失范行为及矫正

网络空间的蓬勃发展为舆论传播开拓了便捷性渠道的同时也带来了舆论危机事件,社会热点问题言论在网络平台传播时被无限扭曲和放大,对网络安全和社会秩序产生极大影响。透视公众在危机事件不同阶段中的心理取向和行为表现,将公众失范行为归结为信息层面的失范行为、行动层面的失范行为和情绪层面的失范行为,并指出矫正公众失范行为,化解网络舆论危机需要加强网民公共理性精神教育并构建网络社会安全阀系统。     

Is All Politics Indeed Local? A Comparative Study of Dual Mandate‐Holders’ Role Attitudes and Behaviours in Parliament

The practice of dual mandate‐holding, i.e. the simultaneous occupation of a political mandate at the (sub)national and the local level, is understudied in the comparative literature. Dual mandate‐holders embody the most direct link between local and central government, yet research has disregarded whether these actors actually feel and act as local ambassadors in parliament. In this article, we study whether councillors in parliament feel responsive for local grievances in terms of their respective role attitudes and behaviour, using the PARTIREP Comparative MP Survey. The estimated regression models demonstrate that dual mandate‐holders indeed perceive themselves as local brokers, even when controlling for various systemic‐, party‐ and individual‐level factors. On the other hand, they struggle to translate their localized attitudes into localized parliamentary behaviour, which could call one of the main arguments in favour of dual mandate‐holding into question.     

Reality Shock and Public Service Motivation: A Longitudinal,Qualitative Study Among Dutch Veterinary Inspectors

To this day little is known about the mechanisms that help explain the mixed findings of longitudinal public service motivation (PSM) research. This study aims to deepen our understanding of post-entry PSM dynamics by focusing on the role of the often cited “reality shock” as a potential explanation for the decrease in PSM also found here. The results of this longitudinal, small-scale qualitative study of a specific cohort of newcomers who just started work as veterinary inspectors at the Dutch food safety authority suggest that a loss of PSM is not due to a generic shock effect, but is linked to having unclear job expectations and individual differences in coping behaviour.     

Costly Signals: Voter Responses to Parliamentary Dissent in Austria,Britain, and Germany

When Members of Parliament (MPs) disagree publicly with their party, this provides a signal to voters regarding both their political views and their character valence. We argue that the strength of this signal to voters depends on the personal career costs an MP incurs by dissenting. The greater the perceived costs of dissent to the MP, the more positively voters should react to dissent. In line with this theory, we use a series of conjoint analysis experiments in Britain, Germany, and Austria to show that: (1) dissent has a more positive effect on voter evaluations in systems where the costs of dissent are higher, and (2) more costly types of dissent have a greater impact on voter evaluations. These findings have important implications for understanding how voter evaluations of MPs depend on beliefs about parliamentary systems and how parliamentary institutions condition the link between voters and MPs.     

中国社会保险立法进路之分析——中国社会保险立法体例再分析

社会保险法在社会保障法体系中处于核心地位,我国社会保险立法不能满足社会保险实践的需要。提交全国人大会常委会审议的《社会保险法(草案)》立足于中国国情但过于迁就现实;体现了行政优位的理念但欠缺公民社会保险权保障的理念;立法的总体思路明确但不具有完整的基本原则;立足于职权立法但过于频繁地授权立法;奠定了社会保险各方主体的关系框架但疏于对法律关系的梳理;具有明确的导向性但缺乏可操作性;追求利于权力运行的秩序但公平与效率价值缺失。立法先行是社会保险得以产生的明显特征。选择立法体例的关键是看其是否适合该国的需要。单行立法是社会保险立法体例的主流。社会保险法理想的立法体例应为综合立法体例,但我国制定综合性《社会保险法》的条件尚不成熟。我国可以继续《社会保险法》的立法进程,对于《社会保险法》之外的五个社会保险项目的单项立法次序安排,应以养老保险法和工伤保险法为先,医疗保险法、失业保险法和生育保险法为后。     

侵犯虚拟财产的刑法规制研究

随着网络游戏的风靡，在赛搏空间（Cyberspace）中侵犯“虚拟财产”的违法犯罪现象也日益增多。为了对侵犯虚拟财产的行为给予有效的刑法规制，可以借鉴域外经验，从立法、司法途径寻求规制措施。从立法方面来看，首先要在中国现行法律框架下寻求有效规制；当现行法律对于相关行为存在立法漏洞时，则应当通过完善立法、严密法网而将之纳入调整范畴。而从司法角度来说，则需要在不违背现行立法、遵循罪刑法定原则的前提下，通过最高司法机关对具体应用法律问题进行解释，从而对侵犯虚拟财产的行为给以刑法规制。     

“一带一路”背景下反腐败的国际预控合作机制

从反腐败的国际预控合作的具体路径来讲,可从风险控制、信息互通、企业合规监管以及民间反腐交流等方面进行国际合作,从而实现腐败犯罪的有效预防。除此之外,还需要进一步深化反腐败国际合作的立法思考,发挥相关法律法规的规范、指引和惩罚作用,从而更有效地预防和打击腐败。     

我国地方立法权扩张的政治后果分析

本文以建国以来中央——地方立法权限演变的历史说明地方立法存在的必要性。认为市场化发展和民主化改革是地方立法权扩张的动力,并以事实和数据剖析了我国地方立法发展的现状,从社会影响角度分析了地方立法权限扩张的政治后果,从保证中央立法权威、党政关系以及国家在经济发展中的作用三个方面论证了目前我国立法分权的发展还不能影响到国家的单一制结构形式,因此,应将注意力从关注"到底放不放立法权"的问题转向"如何放好地方立法权"的问题。     

The Fallacy of the ‘Failed State’

This article examines the origins and evolution of the concepts of ‘failed’ and ‘failing’ states, arguing that the terms have come to be used in such widely divergent and problematic ways that they have lost any utility. The article details six serious problems with the term ‘state failure’ and related terms like ‘fragile’ or ‘troubled’ states, concluding that analysts should abandon these terms. It concludes with a modest attempt to develop alternative concepts and principles for thinking about diverse states that pose varied challenges for academic analysis and policy makers.