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931.
关于地方政府依法行政若干问题的思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以国务院《全面推进依法行政实施纲要》颁布为标志,我国政府机关依法行政进入了新的历史发展时期。但是,在对地方政府依法行政若干重要问题的认识上,仍值得进一步深入思考。而通过深入思考,对这些地方政府依法行政中带有普遍性和倾向性的问题进行认真梳理和评析,能够使我们更加全面、准确地认识地方政府依法行政的发展规律,更加自觉地、理性地推进地方政府依法行政。 相似文献
932.
经济立法在中国地方立法中居于重要地位,在各省及各阶段的发展呈现出不平衡性,其总体上对地方经济发展的影响较大,但各项具体立法指标的影响程度存在明显的差异。其中,地方经济立法的数量、自主率及更新率,对地方经济发展的影响较明显,而地方经济立法的比率和地方经济发展则存在微弱的负相关关系。地方经济立法只是地方经济发展所需法治环境的一个方面,在加强地方经济立法的同时,相应执法与司法机制的完善也非常重要。 相似文献
933.
Judith Verweijen Koen Vlassenroot 《Journal of contemporary African studies : JCAS》2015,33(2):191-212
The closely intertwined notions of territory, identity, and authority are at the heart of conflict dynamics in the eastern DR Congo. Focusing on the territorial aspirations of the Banyamulenge community in South Kivu, this article looks at the ways in which the nexus of territory, identity, and authority shapes and is shaped by armed mobilisation. Excluded from a customary chiefdom in the colonial era, the Banyamulenge, a community framed as ‘migrants’, have been striving for a territory of their own for decades. These aspirations have fed into armed activity by both Banyamulenge and Mai-Mai groups linked to opposing communities, providing deeply resonating mobilising narratives that are employed to justify violent action. Yet, as this article demonstrates, the links between armed mobilisation and the nexus of territory, identity, and authority are both contingent and reciprocal, as violent conflict also impacts the meanings and boundaries of identities, authority structures and territory. 相似文献
934.
Dejen Mezgebe 《Regional & Federal Studies》2015,25(5):473-490
AbstractIn the mid-1990s Ethiopia adopted a federal constitution promising regional autonomy and the creation and strengthening of local government units below the regional level. Some observers attribute the various shortcomings of Ethiopian federalism that have emerged since then to the original institutional/constitutional design. This paper, however, argues that what is not in the constitution has come to influence the workings of decentralization more than what is codified in it. The dominant national party in power, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), either directly or through affiliates, controls political office at all levels of government, thereby limiting the room for local initiative and autonomy. The presence of a national dominant party limits the responsiveness and downward accountability of Wereda (district) authorities; it also undermines political competition, and by extension, good governance at the grassroots level. The paper is based on field research carried out in the Tigray regional state of Ethiopia. The conclusion is that when one party dominates the politics of the region and its institutions, extra-constitutional intra-party politics determine how things work, thereby subjugating localities’ autonomy and impeding their ability to deliver on promises of decentralization. 相似文献
935.
Elliott Green 《Regional & Federal Studies》2015,25(5):491-508
AbstractThere has long been an emphasis on the importance of decentralization in providing better quality public services in the developing world. In order to assess the effectiveness of decentralization I examine here the case study of Uganda, which has seen major decentralization of power over the last quarter-century. In particular the current government has introduced a five-tiered local government structure, decentralized both fiscal and political power to local governments and introduced regular local government elections. However, initial excitement about Uganda's decentralization programme has tapered off in recent years due to a number of problems outlined here. In particular, I show that decentralization in Uganda has suffered from a lack of independence from central government control, which has led to a lack of effectiveness in the provision of high quality public goods. 相似文献
936.
巡视工作是中国共产党深化党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争的重要举措,十多年来巡视工作取得了积极的成效,积累了丰富的经验。但如何提高巡视工作的实效性,仍然是地方(省、自治区、直辖市)巡视机构面临的一个重要课题。具体说来,提高地方巡视机构巡视工作的实效性,可从以下三个方面入手:进一步优化体制机制,形成上下联动的战略态势;抓住核心环节,在信息收集、专题调查、结果运用上下工夫;大力提高巡视人员业务水平,增强发现问题、解决问题的能力。 相似文献
937.
Contemporary public policy increasingly emphasises a focus on outcomes, the difference that occurs in the lives of citizens from policy and activity of government. Other contemporary imperatives for effective planning include: recognition of the values of the community whom plans serve, direction towards goals and objectives, utilisation of evidence, articulation of theories of change that underpin planning and responsiveness to evaluation. This article reports a desk‐based research project to assess how local government planning documents meet these imperatives. Two documents are examined for 67 councils across Australia: the major strategic document, council plan or other‐named document and the cultural development plan (CDP) or other‐named document that directs staff and investment aimed at cultural enrichment of the LGA. Findings indicate that the majority of councils’ documents appeared only concordant with one or two of these planning imperatives. No plan addressed more than three. Overall, council plans and cultural development plans did not clearly indicate their responsiveness to values of their communities, nor include objectives that formed measurable steps towards goals or formally refer to the use of evidence in decision‐making. No plans included theories of change to underpin decision‐making. This analysis indicates clear areas of improvement for planning for local governance. 相似文献
938.
孙彩红 《天水行政学院学报》2012,13(5):3-7
在分析了英国、美国、澳大利亚几个国家对地方政府进行评估而采用的指标体系和框架之后,通过比较他们的共同点与不同之处,提出了对中国地方政府绩效评估有价值的启示,以更加完善的评估指标体系来引导地方政府真正为了人民群众公共利益而提升责任性和绩效管理水平。 相似文献
939.
Prior research suggests that offender sex, age, and race are often influential determinants of sentencing outcomes. According to focal concerns theory, they affect sentencing because—due to limited time and information—judges rely on stereotypical behavioral expectations when assessing offender blameworthiness and dangerousness. As such, extralegal offender characteristics may serve as proxies for more specific risk indicators. Whether more complete information on additional risk factors helps account for the effects of extralegal characteristics, however, remains an untested assumption. Therefore, this study analyzes the Dutch data on standardized pre-sentencing reports to examine the influence of personal circumstances of the offender, such as employment, family, and drug use factors, on the likelihood and length of incarceration. The results suggest that personal circumstances exert inconsistent influence over sentencing outcomes and that they fail to significantly mitigate the direct effects of sex and age, but do mitigate the effects of national origin. 相似文献
940.
张磊 《黑龙江省政法管理干部学院学报》2012,(2):123-125
外交保护是国家保护海外公民最重要的手段之一。用尽当地救济是外交保护的前提条件。长期以来,它一直被认为是国际习惯。随着国际争端解决方式的多样化以及保护人权呼声的高涨,一些学者开始质疑该规则的国际习惯地位。但是这种质疑不具有合理性和可行性。在法律地位的基础上,国际社会对用尽当地救济的规则性质始终莫衷一是。事实上,应当对侵害行为区分不同情况,分别判定用尽当地救济是程序法性质的,还是实体法性质的。 相似文献