中国古代秘密侦查方法析评

秘密侦查方法具有其特殊功能,为世界各国所普遍采用。我国古代便产生了广泛而深入的各种秘密侦查方法,其中包括以“侯”侦探,逆用犯罪人;设告密箱;跟踪盯梢和狱内侦查等。古代秘密侦查方法具有其合理内核,也为现代秘密侦查方法提供了相当的启示,如善用现代科技,促进秘密侦查方法的完善;面对我国秘密侦查立法的困境,从秘密侦查启动条件、启动主体、秘密侦查适用对象、实施程序、秘密侦查所获取资料的线索以及证据价值、违法秘密侦查的后果等方面完善我国缺失的秘密侦查立法;根据主体、客体、程序和是否穷尽等要素合理适用秘密侦查手段。     

新形势下的非法集资特点及对策

当前的非法集资呈现出集资手段多样、新颖,侵害对象多元化,涉案数额巨大,犯罪组织严密,跨地区流动作案等特点。非法集资扰乱了正常的金融秩序,破坏了社会的安定团结,处理不当后果严重,寻找相应的防治对策是十分必要的。     

Limits to non‐state market regulation: A qualitative comparative analysis of the international sport footwear industry and the Fair Labor Association

Non‐state market regulation has become a central focus and continues to receive scholarly attention. The present paper provides an assessment of the conditions under which multinational firms join a multi‐stakeholder certification initiative. The cases of the Fair labor Association and 17 international sport footwear companies have been selected for this purpose. A Qualitative Comparative Analysis of the 17 cases is performed. The paper argues that the combination of sustained NGO pressure and public ownership of a firm is a necessary precondition for firms joining a multi‐stakeholder certification initiative. The theoretical and policy implications of this result are discussed.     

An overview: A new era of tax enforcement – from “big stick” to responsive regulation

Recent developments in regulation and tax administration in Australia inspired this article on tax compliance and responsive regulation. This article analyzes the economics of crime and compliance as the dominant approach to tax enforcement of the past three and a half decades. It evaluates the key advantages and disadvantages of the economic approach as well as its application to tax. The article then explores responsive regulation as an alternative method that draws on the economic paradigm but also supplements this approach with other theories, particularly those involving identity, conflict escalation, and procedural justice. Building on this analysis and a case study of Australian investors in mass marketed tax schemes, the article suggests that the broader, more balanced, and closely tailored method of regulating responsively may enable regulators to draw on the advantages of the economic model while alleviating some of its drawbacks. Responsive regulation may therefore constitute a superior method for regulating compliance.     

论人工智能赋值国家治理:方法、视角与维度

赋值是智能政治学的重要研究课题,赋值研究是智能政治学的重要分析方法.人工智能赋值国家治理,从分析视角来看,表现为人工智能科学、人工智能技术、人工智能形态和人工智能体对国家治理的多重赋值和多源性影响作用.从分析维度来讲,表现为人工智能从赋益、赋义、赋能、赋权、赋则和赋责等多维度影响作用或赋值国家治理,甚至推动国家治理从"...     

决策者到底如何归因?——一项基于美国外交档案的研究

面对充满不确定性的世界。个体通常通过一种被称为归因的心理机制从不完全的信息中解释他人做出某种行为的原因。类似但更为特殊的心理机制也会发生在当一个国家的决策者需要理解另一个国家的行为以采取某种应对之策的时候。当外交决策者们在试图解释他国的行为时,他们会将哪些变量纳入他们的考虑范畴?他们对他国行为进行归因的方式是否会因情境的不同而有所变化?如果确实有所变化,那么他们在归因时将会存在哪些倾向和偏见?外交决策者通常从能力、决心、利益、意图和该国所处的战略环境五个维度来认知另一个国家行为的原因。而恐惧和族群中心主义均会作用于这五个维度,并且在不同的情境下,两者在各维度的作用方式有所差异。为了验证唐世平提出的行为归因理论,作者采用了一种特殊的内容分析技术——逐字解释文本分析——对1945-1947年间的美国外交档案进行了分析和编码,试图利用二战结束至冷战开始这段时间内美国的主要决策者对苏联行为所进行的数以百计的归因,并对上述归因理论进行经验上的探索。验证结果表明,描述性的证据分析部分支持了这一新的归因理论,但也挑战了这一理论中关于能力、决心和环境维度的部分推断。     

无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤法医学鉴定25例分析

目的 探讨无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤案例中外伤与损害后果因果关系法医学鉴定的要点.方法 收集25例无骨折脱位型颈脊髓损伤的法医学鉴定案例资料,总结被鉴定人的年龄、致伤方式、影像学检查结果、自身颈椎退变情况、临床表现、主要诊疗情况、预后情况等,按照损伤与损害后果相关程度分为直接原因、主要原因、同等原因、次要原因、无原因进行伤...     

GC/ECD检验生物检材中的氟乙酸钠

建立对生物检材中氟乙酸钠的GC/ECD检验方法。用PFBBr作衍生化试剂,对氟乙酸钠或氟乙酰胺中毒后脏器中的氯乙酸（氯乙酸钠）进行衍生化,GC/ECD和GC／MS的分析。在1ml血中添加lμg1080,其回收率为76．2％,RSD为3．07（n＝7）;在1g肝中添加2μg的1080其回收率为84．4％,RSD为1．87（n=5）。研究的方法经动物试验和大量中毒案件的验证,效果较好。该方法已在中毒案件的检验中广泛应用。     

Validation studies of the ParaDNA® Intelligence System with artificial evidence items

Short tandem repeat (STR) profiling is one of the mostly used systems for forensic applications. In certain circumstances, STR profiling is time-consuming and costly, which potentially leads to delays in criminal investigations. LGC (Laboratory of the Government Chemist, UK) Forensics has developed a robust STR profiling platform called the ParaDNA^® Intelligence Test System which can provide early tactical intelligence and aid investigators in making informed decisions on sample prioritization for detection. Here, we validated the ParaDNA intelligence test for its application in forensic cases using a range of mock evidence items following guidelines set by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM). Specifically, we tested the sensitivity and accuracy of the ParaDNA intelligence test, as well as the success rates for detecting mock samples and for use in case scenarios. Our findings demonstrate that the ParaDNA intelligence test generates useful DNA profiles, especially for samples such as blood, saliva, and semen that contain ample DNA, indicating the benefits of including ParaDNA as a prior step in forensic STR profiling pipelines.