全球化进程与当代政府管理创新

政府管理创新是世界各国政府发展的总趋势。全球化进程作为一个大的时代背景,在加强国与国联系的同时,必然推动着各国政府外部管理体制和内部运作机制的相互学习和自我创新。全球化进程对当代政府管理更是提出了许多全新的要求:一、全球化进程必然要求当代政府管理对于新的国际情势有一个制度上的回应;二、全球化进程使得一个主权国家政府管理的内部事务衍生出外部意义;三、全球化进程要求政府管理从传统的"自上而下"的统治走向"上下互动"的治理;四、全球化进程要求当代政府管理在全球范围内关注生态治理、环境保护和和平共处的问题。     

试论现代治理理论对我国治理经济犯罪的启示

在我国社会主义市场经济飞速发展的今天,经济犯罪作为社会的一个伴生物也越来越多。20世纪70年代,西方社会出现了对社会治理理论的深刻反思,提出了现代治理理论。现代治理理论对我国经济犯罪的的防范与控制也起着一定的作用,因此,有必要借鉴西方的现代治理理论防范与控制我国的经济犯罪活动。     

生态城市规划及其立法理念

传统的以环境媒介为保护对象的环境保护法律制度已经不能解决现有的复杂的环境问题,必须进行研究范式与制度内容的彻底变革。生态城市规划是这种改变的一个新思路,其基本的出发点就是将城市作为一个特殊的生态系统来进行规划,同时将城市生态视为一个更大范围的生态系统的组成部分;其所包含的立法理念有:城市是生态系统的重要组成部分,对生态城市规划的研究必须坚持系统的观点;建设可持续性的、健康的生态城市是解决全球环境问题的关键;人类作为一个关键物种在城市生态系统中起主导作用,生态系统必须有利于促进所有人的健康和精神愉悦;将土地利用规划和环境保护统一起来;将环境魅力作为生态城市规划立法的核心理念。     

欧美等国公司内部监督机制对我国的启示

各国公司治理结构可分为英美的外部监控模式和德国的内部监控模式,法国属兼采用两种模式的国家。我国公司法应授权公司选择单层制或双层制,并对监事会权力作出重新调整,限制董事和监事的兼职数量,加强银行和债权人在公司治理中的作用。     

Europeanising Gender Mainstreaming: Constraints and Opportunities in the Multilevel Euro-polity

What are the conditions for empowering `gender mainstreaming' as a new policy frame beyond the supranational level in member states and regions of the European Union? This paper is premised on the following assumptions: that mainstreaming will reduce gender disparities in Europe only if it takes root at all levels of decision-making, but that some national gender regimes can be expected to resist mainstreaming more than others, especially because it does not command `hard' legal tools. The puzzle to be examined is how mainstreaming can become effective across the European multilevel polity. It is argued that vis-à-visthe resistance of domestic gender regimes, the Europeanisation of equal treatment norms in national, regional and local contexts over the past decades has generated a variety of mechanisms for the cross-border diffusion of new policy ideas that can help to promote mainstreaming. Drawing on comparative Europeanisation research, this argument is developed in three steps. First, the past performance of member states in the implementation of E.U. gender directives is explored, to identify patterns and dynamics and classify leaders and laggards. Second, current mainstreaming experiences in one of the most conspicuous laggard states – Germany – are examined closely. Finally, as a means of explaining the rather intense engagement of German federal and regional governments with mainstreaming, two factors are highlighted: elite learning, and new governance instruments developed by the E.U. Notwithstanding the steps taken to promote mainstreaming, the prospects for further institutionalization within the E.U. appear contingent on the outcome of the Convention on the Future of the Union and the Intergovernmental Conference planned for 2004, since the invigorating of the subsidiarity principle and the division of competences across the multilevel polity are key issues of debate. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

论区域城镇体系发展中的城市政府作用

在经济全球化的形势下,区域的经济竞争与合作日益加强,城市治理模式也随之发生变化。为了适应我国区域经济重组和城镇体系发展的新趋势,城市治理模式应向多元政府与其他组织构成的管治联盟转变,形成新的公共治理模式。城市政府的主要作用体现在战略规划与协调、制定市场规制与监督、城市理财与经营以及合理提供城市服务等方面。     

贯彻习近平法治思想建设高质量的制度体系

习近平法治思想对新发展阶段全面依法治国作了重大部署,强调提高国家制度竞争力,以"中国之制"支撑"中国之治"。高质量制度体系是坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度的重要举措;是遵循制度建设规律、持续保持制度显著优势的必然要求;是满足人民新时代需求、全面实现国家治理现代化的可靠路径;是凝聚改革发展共识、稳步推进现代化强国建设进程的坚强保障。应当准确界定高质量制度体系的内涵、确定其实质与形式评价标准,并在中国特色制度逻辑框架内,提出建设高质量制度体系的具体构想:坚持党的集中统一领导与尊重人民群众的首创精神的统一;坚持问题导向、目标导向和结果导向的统一;尊重制度建设的规律性与民主性的统一;坚持类型化与协调性的辩证统一;坚持制度的评估机制与自我调节机制的统一;坚持制度的稳定性与创新性的统一。     

Parallel Systems and Human Resource Management in India's Public Health Services: A View from the Front Lines

There is building evidence in India that the delivery of health services suffers both from an actual shortfall in trained health professionals and from unsatisfactory results of existing service providers working in the public and private sectors. This study focuses on the public sector and examines de facto institutional and governance arrangements that may give rise to well‐documented provider behaviors such as absenteeism that can adversely affect service delivery processes and outcomes. We analyze four human resource management (HRM) subsystems: postings, transfers, promotions and disciplinary practices from the perspective of front‐line workers—physicians working in rural healthcare facilities operated by two state governments. We sampled physicians in one “post‐reform” state that has instituted HRM reforms and one “pre‐reform” state that has not. The findings are based on both quantitative and qualitative measurements. The results show that formal rules are undermined by a parallel modus operandi in which desirable posts are often determined by political connections and side payments. The evidence suggests an institutional environment in which formal rules of accountability are trumped by a parallel set of accountabilities. These systems appear so entrenched that reforms have borne no significant effect. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Citizen Participation in City Governance: Experiences From Vietnam

The radical political and economic reforms sweeping through former socialist countries during the last several decades have facilitated economic growth and urbanization. During this period of market reform and urbanization, citizen participation is greatly needed yet easily lost to other priorities. We employ stakeholder theory to examine whether citizen participation differs between large and small cities and between the poor and non‐poor people in Vietnam. Using data from a sample of citizens in five centrally managed cities, we found that citizens in large cities and citizens that belong to “unofficially poor” groups participate less. For policy makers, this implies that citizen participation should be of central importance in the management of current cities' expansions. In addition, the categorization of “poor households” needs to be closely monitored to minimize the risk of de facto poor households being excluded from the group. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.