A model of local crime displacement

In this paper, we develop a two-region model of crime spatial displacement. For high crime regions, the crime rate in one locality is negatively influenced by the crime rate of the other. The magnitude of the displacement depends on the distance between the two regions and on their relative size. For given sized neighbors, a closer distance implies greater displacement. When one region is larger, relative to the other, this increases the displacement, holding distance fixed. Examples show that the displacement from the treated to the adjacent areas can be small, if the relative size of the former is small. Nonetheless, the displacement can be large for other nearby areas, provided that the treated region is relatively big. Neglecting this result can cause an upward bias at the estimated impact of a policy. We also analyze the consequences for the design of public policies.     

高校科研经费监管中存在的问题及对策

高校科研经费管理是高校管理的一项重要内容,科研项目经费管理的水平和程度直接制约着科研管理水平。高校科研经费管理面临着科研项目在预算初始就严格细化,预算的刚性过强,阶段性的预算调整申请无人受理,在结题审计时出现差异即被认定违规等问题,科研经费管理过程中忽视了科研活动本身具有的不确定性和不可预见性。因此,有必要构建完整系统的高校科研经费管理体系,提高科研经费的使用效率,积极推动高校科研项目实行全成本核算。     

Estonian views of collective action and democracy

After a debate lasting several years, Estonia enacted a law of non-territorial cultural autonomy for national minorities in 1993, echoing experiences from the country’s previous period of independence. In international discussion, the law was initially cited as a promising way of dealing with minority issues in Central and Eastern Europe. With time, however, its applicability in contemporary Estonia has been questioned; in practice, the law has failed to be implemented. This paper inspects possible reasons for its disuse, and argues that the law could still play a role in Estonia’s minority policies, especially with regard to education. The paper is based on an analysis of legislation, parliamentary records and media.     

The pedagogy of listening

A great deal of participatory development literature emphasises the bottom-up production of citizen’s voices and their incorporation into policy formulation, implementation, and evaluation. Rarely do we hear of emphases on the question of listening, much as there exists a body of knowledge on integrating what experts consider to be the views and opinions of local people in the creation of socio-economic policies. This viewpoint outlines the kind of listening that builds on three key issues that emanate from Paulo Freire’s idea of listening as both a virtue and practice of tolerance. The major contention is that as development practitioners, we need to build our abilities and capacities to practise all the three forms of listening if we are to work with others in designing and implementing policies that improve lives and communities.     

欧盟能源法律政策及其对我国的启示

欧盟能源法律与政策以可持续性、竞争性和供应安全性为主要目标，其法律制度由涉及能源问题的各类条约、条例、指令、决定及建议和意见等组成。它们对中国能源安全的维护具有重要的借鉴作用。     

The immediate impact of the global financial crisis and neo-liberal austerity policies on in-work poverty dynamics in Lithuania

ABSTRACT

The article analyzes the extent and features of in-work poverty in Lithuania in the aftermath of the global economic crisis of 2007–2008. It argues that the significant expansion of the phenomenon during this time period was fostered by neoliberal policies that have been shaping the welfare system in the country for more than two decades. Furthermore, it draws attention to employment conditions and seeks to understand the experiences of those who live in in-work poverty. This article reveals that, during the period investigated, in-work poverty in Lithuania was associated with being a woman, having children, belonging to single-parent household, and being employed in a precarious working environment.     

The welfare systems of the Baltic states following the recent financial crisis of 2008–2010: expansion or retrenchment?

ABSTRACT

This article aims to uncover major social security system reforms that were implemented following the recent financial and economic crisis of 2008–2010 and the post crisis period. Additionally, it explores the dynamics of the socioeconomic situation during the last 10 years, looking at how Baltic states compare with each other and how they compare with other central and eastern European countries in the EU. The findings show that retrenchment is difficult even during times of crisis. Although the Baltic states were affected by the crisis, especially Latvia and Lithuania, their social security institutions did not experience any structural shift.     

破坏村委会选举行为入罪论——刑事分析与立法建议

《村民委员会组织法》颁布以来,村民自治的实践大大激发了广大农民的民主欲求。然而,破坏村委会选举行为亦愈演愈烈,刑法规定的“破坏选举罪”却无法将此种行为涵摄其中。本文在分析这种行为发生机理的基础上,对相关的刑事立法政策、刑法规范设立进行了探讨,并提出了具体立法建议。     

政策支农：推动城乡协调发展的有效途径——吕梁市中阳县统筹城乡发展的调查报告

“三农”问题是全面建设小康社会的重点和难点所在。中阳县委、县政府以科学发展观为指导,通过一系列政策支农措施,如大力减轻农民负担;加大对农业、农村的投入;提高农村劳动力素质等,大大推进了农村的全面进步,并取得了很多有益的启示:政策支农是推动城乡协调发展的必要措施;各级党委和政府是推动城乡协调发展的中坚力量;各级领导干部的意识自觉是推动城乡协调发展的前提;工业经济的发达是推动城乡协调发展的关键;“输血”式支农与“造血”式支农相结合是实现城乡协调发展的根本。