A proposal for standardization in forensic canine DNA typing: allele nomenclature of six canine-specific STR loci

In this study a proposal for the allele nomenclature of six polymorphic short tandem repeat (STR) loci (PEZ3, PEZ6, PEZ8, PEZ10, FHC2161, and FHC2328) for canine genotyping (Canis lupus familiaris) is presented. The nomenclature is based on the sequence data of the polymorphic region of the microsatellite markers as recommended by the DNA commission of the International Society of Forensic Haemogenetics (ISFH) in 1994 for human DNA typing. To cover commonly and rarely occurring alleles, a selection of homozygous and heterozygous animals were analyzed and subjected to sequence studies. The alleles consisted of simple tri- and tetra-nucleotide repeat patterns as well as compound and highly complex repeat patterns. Several alleles revealing the same fragment size but different repeat structures were found. The allele designation described here was adopted to the number of repeats, including all variable regions within the amplified fragment. In a second step the most commonly occurring alleles were added to an allelic ladder for each marker allowing a reliable typing of all alleles differing in size. A total number of 142 unrelated dogs from surrounding municipal animal homes, private households, and canines in police duty were analyzed. The data were added to a population database providing allele frequencies for each marker.     

高等学校行政主体地位初探

长期以来 ,高等学校的法律地位模糊不清 ,学校仅具有民事主体资格。重新界定高等学校在新体制下的行政法律地位 ,即“公务法人”地位 ,运用法人制度来处理高等学校与政府、教师、学生和社会的关系 ,是实现“以法治教”的重要途径     

加强“官德“建设的思考

加强"官德"建设是实践公民基本道德规范和以德治国方略的核心,是人民群众关注的焦点和热点问题.面对新形势、新任务,我们应认真分析当前我国"官德"建设中存在的主要问题及其表现,找出其原因,进而针对性地寻求加强"官德"建设的良好途径.     

期刊规范与作者隐私权的碰撞

随着信息高速公路的筹建与开通,学术期刊界对编排予以规范是科学运作的必然选择。时下颁行的《中国高校社会科学学报编排规范》、《中国高等学校自然科学学报编排规范》、《中国学术期刊光盘版检索与评价数据规范》在强调科学编排的同时,漠视了对作者隐私权的保护,其中某些项目要求对个人信息的曝露不能不引起人们的关注,如何保障作者隐私不受侵害则是我们必须探讨的问题。     

远程实时监控的图像传输技术

视频信息因能给人们全方位的真实感受而在多种领域中得到广泛应用，鉴于监控系统网络化、远程化的发展趋势，本文对远程实时监控的图像传输相关问题的探论具有一定的现实意义。     

介词结构在公文写作中的表达与运用

介词结构是公文写作中使用频率较高、运用范围较广的语法现象。介词结构的使用范围、连用表达的组合特点、专用介词与固定句式的运用以及语法规范,都比较特殊。     

Opiate levels in hair

By means of radioimmunoassay-technique, hair samples of users, drug related fatalities, carcinoma patients receiving morphine and of experimental guinea pigs receiving codeine were investigated for opiates. The RIA-investigations require a minimum of material; our routine procedures need only 50 mg of hair. No correlation existed between administered doses of opiates and their concentrations in hair of both human and experimental animals. By sectioning the hair, the approximate period of drug use in man could be detected. However, these findings could not be confirmed by the animal experiments. The growth rate of the hair, diffusion and adhesion processes may influence the transport of drugs along the hair. External contaminations and washing procedures were shown to increase or diminish the drug concentration of the samples.     

The odontological identification of Eva Braun Hitler

On May 7th-9th, 1945, a team of Russian pathologists autopsied several bodies found in and near the Fuehrer Bunker in Berlin; among them, a female body (No. 13) was later identified as that of Eva Braun Hitler (EBH), mainly by means of a gold bridge from the lower right jaw. A postmortem photograph of this bridge also shows a separate gold filling. Data now available on the dental treatment of EBH have permitted the present authors to substantiate that this gold filling also came from the mouth of EBH. Further speculation about the fate of EBH would henceforth seem professionally unfounded.     

Are non‐voters cynics anyway?

It has been argued that recent low turnouts for elections in Britain have been fostered by increased cynicism among voters, a cynicism that has been fostered by the increasingly critical tone in which politics are reported by the media. While survey data confirm that voters have become more cynical about politics, they provide little evidence that this trend was particularly strong between 1997 and 2001 among (regular) readers of the (tabloid) press or among regular watchers of television news. Nor do such data suggest that the rise in cynicism had much impact on the level of turnout for the 2001 general election. The biggest challenge facing coverage of politics in the media in general, and newspapers in particular, is not the impact that the tone of its coverage may be having on voters' attitudes towards how they are governed, but rather the increasing reluctance of voters with little interest in politics to read a newspaper at all. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications     

高其倬治滇吏治思想初探

吏治的整顿是中国古代贤明的封建君主采取的一项重要改革措施 ,不同的帝王和官吏 ,其思想、措施及效果各不相同。作为多民族边疆地区的云南 ,从汉唐以来 ,就采取不同于内地的羁縻统治 ,元明清王朝实行土流并治的政策 ,从而造成了两套不同的官吏体系 ,不仅中央王朝形成了一套管理流官和土官的不同措施 ,历代治滇的最高官员也在施政过程中形成了各自不同的吏治思想。在清代云南政治、经济和文化发展中做出了积极贡献的云贵总督高其倬治滇的吏治思想在其中较有典型性 ,对云南的发展产生了积极影响