“斑马线”失守现象的法社会学分析

近来各地斑马线上因机动车与行人争夺路权出现了不同程度的安全事故，引起了社会的广泛关注，对于斑马线上行人的优先路权，我国法律仅作了较为原则的规定，对于具体情况缺乏可操作性。法律的失效是车主与行人的无序“竞争”愈演愈烈的主要原因。因此，立法及配套措施亟须完善。     

论行政合同特权基本制控理念——权力保留

契约行政条件下,部分行政职权以合同权利的形式实现既定权能;其余则以法定或约定形式设为合同权利的"例外"——行政合同特权。行政合同特权是以行政职权为发生基础的权力契约化形态转换,同时亦为契约行政架构内权力因素的集中体现。对契约伦理及其逻辑准则的承认与接纳,形成此类特权的权力保留品格特征。行政合同特权制控体系的构筑应以权力保留理念为核心指导。     

The Law and the Constitution: Manifesto of the Progressive Party

This paper analyses the argument of Jennings' path-breaking work, The Law and the Constitution , and assesses its importance. The argument of the paper is that a basic tension runs through the evolving work: between celebrating the democratic nature of the contemporary constitution whilst expressing certain concerns about democracy's potential implications. This is a tension that Jennings was never able satisfactorily to resolve. The Law and the Constitution nevertheless remains a landmark text, especially in reminding lawyers of the need to look to the social and economic explanations for constitutional change. Although the constitution Jennings was writing about has altered, his public law method of examining the purpose for which public power is acquired before reflecting on desirable constraints remains of value today.     

Mapping Defamation Defences

The general neglect of tort defences is most significant in defamation actions. This paper attempts to reduce to a few guiding principles the numerous, and apparently unrelated, doctrines recognised as defences by the law of defamation. Defining the cause of action as an injury to the claimant's reputation, it argues that they fall into three classes: (i) defences which exclude unlawfulness because the injury was inflicted in pursuance of a right or liberty of the defendant; (ii) defences which exclude blameworthiness because the defendant was not at fault for causing the injury; (iii) defences which relieve the defendant of liability despite the injury being both non iure and negligent: this group, not being underpinned by recognised principles, deserves particular scrutiny. The rule of repetition should be qualified by recognition of a defence of ‘warranted republication’; the remainder should be abolished, being an anachronistic hangover from the old requirement of malice.     

White privilege,juvenile justice,and criminal identities: a qualitative analysis of the perceptions and self-identification of incarcerated youth

This study examines in-depth interview data from thirty male juveniles incarcerated in a private correctional facility in the Midwest. Comparing the perceptions and experiences of 14 white male youth with 8 Native American, 4 black, and 4 Latino participants, white privilege was reflected in responses involving perceptions of the self as a ‘criminal’. Youth of all races described the effect of correctional facilities on their self-identification as a ‘criminal’ and youth of color were more likely than white youth to report the feeling that other community members viewed them as criminal before and after being arrested. Overall these findings demonstrate the ‘clean slate’ that white youth begin with compared to youth of color. Ultimately, time spent in a correctional facility appears to liken white youth’s perception of themselves as criminals to the self-identification of youth of color. Policy implications include implementing alternatives to incarceration, such as community service requirements to reintegrate youth into the community and avoid the negative effect of incarceration on the identities of juveniles. For youth of color, reducing racial discrimination is necessary to end the self-fulfilling prophecy and the sense of being labeled a criminal by the community prior to incarceration.     

一种激进的知识论:女性主义立场论

女性主义立场论是一种批判的女性主义知识论,它以统一的女性主义立场为出发点,以女性和其他边缘人群的生活经验为背景和来源,以强调女性认知特权为手段,以追求语境化知识和价值负载的强客观性为目标,力图消灭包括性别压迫在内的一切压迫和等级制度,建构一种真正解放的知识论.女性主义立场论虽有不少困境,然而作为一种新兴的主流的女性主义知识论却有重要的知识论贡献.     

刑事诉讼中被告之举证责任新论

基于刑事政策、刑事立法精神、犯罪本身的复杂性和刑事证明对象的多样性 ,以及刑事司法具体运作中的实际证明困难 ,本文通过对被告承担举证责任的历史考察 ,主张被告在刑事诉讼中应承担一定的举证责任 ,这并不与无罪推定、不受强迫自证其罪的特权相冲突 ,并探讨了被告承担举证责任的理由及大致范围。     

证人特权制度的评价与立法建议

证人特权制度在我国立法上几乎是一片空白。证人特权制度在维护特定的社会关系方面有其合理性。证人特权制度首先要解决的是证人资格问题 ;其次是界定证人特权的范围 ,具体包括拒绝自我归罪特权、配偶和近亲属的拒证权、职业秘密特权和公务秘密特权。限制证人特权 ,以防止证人逃避出庭作证的义务 ;保护证人应有的权益 ,以解决证人出庭难问题 ,是证人特权制度的应有之义。因此 ,我们要建立和完善证人特权制度。     

作品标题的知识产权保护

本文以理论结合实证研究为线索 ,在对作品标题这一文化活动产物进行系统考察的基础上 ,通过对国外相关保护方式的法理研究和中外案例法律适用分析 ,重点研究了作品标题在现有的著作权法、商标权法、反不正当竞争法等法律保护框架下所遇到的基本问题 ,以期在知识产权层面建立起对作品标题的完备的法律保护体系。     

我国“不得强迫自证其罪原则”若干问题研究———兼议我国沉默权现状之争简

我国新《刑事诉讼法》“不得强迫任何人证实自己有罪”条款赋予被追诉人在接受讯问时保持沉默的权利,确立了口供自愿性规则,使我国刑事诉讼在“尊重和保障人权”的道路上向前迈进了一大步,但沉默权制度仍未能在我国得到确立,这主要是受我国刑事政策等因素影响,刑诉法第118条“如实供述”条款的保留在一定程度上也体现了立法者的价值取向.与此同时,构建配套的制度规范,更好地推进不得强迫自证其罪原则的适用也是目前加快司法改革进程的当务之急.