财政与我国金融稳定关系初探

金融稳定的公共产品特性和金融危机的负外部性决定了财政应当在维护金融稳定中担当重要角色。我国财政部门在推进金融体制改革和化解金融风险方面发挥了积极作用,但也存在着职责界定不清、缺乏制度化安排以及职能缺位等问题。为适应金融危机后建立健全系统性金融风险防范预警体系和处置机制的现实需要,有必要进一步充分发挥财政部门的作用,包括建立和完善跨部门的金融稳定协调机制、强健国家财政、实行跨境资本流动税收调节机制以及建立金融稳定准备金等。     

当前影响我国社会稳定的多种因素及对策分析

稳定是社会发展的条件,也是社会发展的目标。当前影响我国社会稳定的因素主要有：社会分配不公、信仰体系紊乱、境外势力的渗透等。要实现社会的稳定一是要改变党的领导和执政方式;二是党和政府应该依法办事。     

现行人民币汇率稳定机制探讨

自2005年人民币汇率制度改革以来,人民币汇率形成机制日趋市场化。由于汇率在我国具有较强的"桑顿效应"和较高的"穿越效应",人民币汇率的剧烈波动将对我国宏观经济产生许多不利影响。为完善现行人民币汇率稳定机制,我国需要在外汇市场、货币市场和资本市场各领域进行相应的改革。     

我市职工托管服务中心维权维稳情况调查

托管中心为退出市场企业所设立的非经营性、非营利性、非企业法人、服务于被托管职工的组织,目前存在着社会保障缺位,被托管人员生存困难、矛盾纠纷频发,托管中心缺乏解决手段、资金来源不足,托管中心帮扶有难度等问题。建议各级党政工团及社会各界将做好托管中心工作视为共同责任;切实提高托管中心承载能力;同时积极推行退出企业人员的社会化管理。     

Fear of Crime among Gang and Non-Gang Offenders: Comparing the Effects of Perpetration,Victimization, and Neighborhood Factors

This is the first study to examine adult offenders’ fear of property, personal, and gang crime. We examine five research questions among 2,414 jail inmates, focusing on how afraid offenders are of crime. We compare current, ex-gang, and non-gang members. We ask if more experience with crime perpetration and victimization and more perceptions of social disorganization increase offenders’ fear of crime. Finally, we ask if the importance of these factors in predicting fear varies by gang status. Results show that offenders, generally, were not very afraid of crime. Although ex-gang and current gang members believed they were more likely to experience property, personal, and gang crime, they reported less fear than non-gang members. Crime perpetration did not influence offenders’ fear, but less experience with personal crime victimization predicted fear of personal and gang crime among non-gang members. The results also indicate that perceptions of social disorganization better explain fear among non-gang members than ex-gang and current gang members.     

微博舆情对我国社会稳定的影响

微博独特的传播特点为公众带来了新的网络生活方式,改变着信息传播模式和公众的媒体习惯,但借助微博平台散布、传播谣言等问题也给维护国家安全和社会稳定工作造成了新影响、提出了新挑战。针对微博的信息获取、内容发表、功能效用等方面的时代化特点,结合当前微博对我国的国家安全和社会稳定所带来的影响,应该从立法、管理、行业自律、网络阵地、舆情引导等方面加强微博平台管理,维护国家安全和社会稳定。     

“法治”视野下“严打”政策的再度审视——兼采经济学的方法

对严打政策的再度审视应是多方面的,而效应与教训则是其极其重要的内容。严打政策既有正面效应,也有负面效应。严打政策的正面效应是短暂的社会稳定,并可得到经济学的说明;严打政策的负面效应是长远的,它不仅在观念上一度侵蚀着我们的法治信仰,动摇我们的公平正义感,而且在客观上酿成了新的对抗和秩序紊乱。严打政策的负面效应同样能够得到经济学的说明。从严打政策的负面效应中,我们所能得到的是严打政策的教训,并且其教训可得到经济学和犯罪学的共同说明。严打政策的教训将使得我们在应对犯罪、谋求稳定和实现法治化的道路上方向更加明确,步伐更加坚定,并将使得宽严相济政策在社会转型和风险多元的特殊历史时期得到更加稳妥有效的推行,从而助益于法治国的发展。     

The effect of freezing,thawing and long-term storage on forensic DNA extracts

Following forensic DNA profiling (extraction, quantification and STR typing) the remaining extract is generally stored frozen. Our routine at the Swedish National Forensic Centre is to immediately after analysis freeze the sample. If a subsequent reanalysis is needed the sample is thawed and then refrozen. In this study the effects of freezing and thawing as well as long-term storage of DNA extracts in refrigerator or freezer have been investigated. The following sample types were extracted: two levels of blood and saliva, saliva on cigarette filter paper, saliva on cotton swabs and a combination of saliva and semen to mimic samples from sexual assaults. All extraction methods used were Chelex-based, DNA quantification was performed using PowerQuant System and STR profiling with PowerPlex ESX 16 Fast System. The study was divided into three parts: 1) freezing and thawing the extracts up to ten times, 2) storage in refrigerator or freezer up to four weeks and 3) long-term storage in refrigerator or freezer for 3, 6, 9, 12 and 35 months. Generally, the quantification and STR typing results show no indication of degradation after repeated freezing and thawing or long-term storage in refrigerator or freezer.     

歧视知觉对社区矫正对象社会疏离的影响机制研究——基于身份认同整合和社会支持的中介效应

社区矫正对象的社会疏离关乎个体发展和社会稳定,是推进平安中国建设的重 要内容。基于2019年S市社区矫正对象的调查数据,从身份认同整合和社会支持视角,探究歧视知觉对社区矫正对象社会疏离的影响机制。研究发现,歧视知觉对社区矫正对象的社会疏离既存在直接影响,也通过身份认同整合和社会支持两个中介变量产生间接影响。身份认同整合和社会支持在歧视知觉与社会疏离之间起到自我转化和外在保护的作用。因此,在外在歧视无法完全消除之下,为了缓解社区矫正对象的社会疏离,应注重提升个体的自我身份认同整合,增强社区矫正对象的有益支持,从而促进其顺利回归社会。