艾伦·梅克森斯·伍德对技术决定论的批判

艾伦·梅克森斯·伍德认为马克思不是技术决定论者。她从三个维度批判了技术决定论:从阶级和历史维度,伍德认为技术决定论否定阶级的存在,忽视对具体社会的特殊性分析,主张超历史的和普遍的历史观,认为技术革新是社会变革的主要动力;从资本主义维度,伍德认为资本主义本身是反技术的,技术的发展会加剧自身的特殊矛盾;从社会主义维度,伍德认为社会主义追求的不是技术决定论意义上的阶级消亡和生产主义,而是自然、人与社会之间的和谐,以及生产者的自由联合体。     

俄罗斯远东地区开发的历史变迁简

俄罗斯远东地区的历史是一部侵略与扩张、占领与控制、巩固与封闭的历史.20世纪90年代以来,俄罗斯远东地区进入开放与开发的新时期.历史上,俄对远东地区开发政治诉求高于经济利益;而在地缘经济时代,俄远东将更加注重与毗邻国家间的经济合作,取得经济利益的最大化.     

Types of crimes committed by repeat DUI offenders

This study investigates whether repeat driving under the influence (DUI) offenders have more extensive histories of violent, property, and drug crimes than first-time drunk drivers. It also offers an exploratory investigation into the extent of their criminal specialization. Negative binomial regression was performed on arrest and criminal history data from a systematic random sample of 429 DUI arrestees. Analyses controlling for age, gender, ethnicity, and employment found that being a repeat DUI offender increased the total number of violent and property convictions (regardless of severity) and petty misdemeanor/violation property convictions. The results suggest DUI recidivists are generalists rather than specialists and that impaired driving is best viewed as just one manifestation of a host of deviant behaviors. They also illustrate the challenges of rehabilitating and deterring DUI recidivists and the potential differences between first-time and repeat DUI offenders. The findings should not be interpreted as support of enforcement or deterrent DUI policies that focus on repeat offenders, as limited resources are most efficiently directed at the general population of impaired drivers.     

立法视角下的《反邪教法》立法必要性探讨

邪教犯罪是当前世界各国共同面临的重要社会问题，也是我国当前和今后一个时期预防与打击各种社会犯罪中的首要任务之一。本文梳理我国打击邪教犯罪方面的立法规定，针对我国邪教问题表现出来的复杂性和多样性，指出迅速制定出台《反邪教法》，从而对其进行有效的规范和控制。     

A Study on Localization Narrative of History Novels in the New Period

Since the May 4th movement, Chinese New Literature localization and nationalization of the task did not complete, narrative from traditional literature presents the obvious fracture. In the new period historical novels and actively explore the localization of narrative: narrative style from the historical biography and kingdoms; the second is the narrative theme inheriting classical motif; the third is the ancient writings in classical style of narrative language use, inheriting and developing traditional narrative construct with national characteristics of the history novels, and becomes art model of in the context of globalization.     

日常生活史的神话认知与表达——以《山本》为例

在新作《山本》中，中国当代作家贾平凹集中展现了作为一种认知与表达方法的神话对日常生活史的介入，从而为神话与历史的辩证关系提供了一种新型观照视角。与其他作家着力于创造意识形态属性明显的集体性或个体性神话不同，贾平凹试图还原神话在人类日常生活史中的本真状态，突出其作为人类知识与思想来源的背景作用，以及以“互渗”形式促成人与万物实现互联的重要特质。作为一种方法的神话，也体现于其通过具有神性特质的人物设置，构建日常生活的神话空间，继而形成一个整体性的稳定神话系统。贾平凹在《山本》中不仅表现了神话视阈中日常生活的和谐流动，也展现了现代革命与权力神话对传统神话时空的侵蚀、压制、重组，以及由此引起的日常生活的断裂，作家借此探讨了传统神话由生而灭的历史过程。神话视角的切入，使贾平凹获得了神话视阈的观照，并在日常生活的漫流中发现神秘与朴实兼具的现实生命质感，重塑了一段亦真亦幻的历史。     

历史发展的多元选择观

基于对当前文化的多元理解，赫勒呼吁建立一种开放的、多元的历史发展选择理论，提出自由是历史研究的最高价值观，强调多种多样的价值追求，并且以不同的方式做出基本的历史选择。     

Why Weren’t We Taught? Exploring Frontier Conflict Through the Lens of Anzac

This article examines public understandings of two key strands of Australian history that sit at opposite ends of a spectrum of remembrance: frontier conflict and Anzac. The former, W. E. H. Stanner argued in 1968, was subsumed in a vacuum of silence, lost to popular consciousness in a wilful act of forgetting. Despite a wealth of subsequent scholarship documenting the violence and dispossession that characterised European colonisation, considerable gaps in public awareness about these foundational events remain. Anzac, in contrast, has become a defining narrative of Australian history for large segments of the general population and the political class. Recent scholarship suggests that this prominence has served to mask other, important histories of the continent, including frontier conflict. In this article, we argue that this is neither a necessary nor essential binary, and further, that one can inform the other. The written reflections of 320 tertiary students enrolled in a course about Australian military history provide insights into the ways that frontier conflict is popularly understood and how the fascination with Anzac can be leveraged to raise awareness of the violent historical dimensions of colonisation.     

Institutional Abuse: A Long History

ABSTRACT

This article explores the long history of institutions for children in Australia and of the existence of abuse within them. By examining the function that such institutions were designed to perform, and the forms and structures that were devised to best achieve such purposes, the article argues that abuse was all too often not simply inherent in, but essential to, institutional operation. It pays particular attention to the classification of children deemed to be in need of institutional “care” and shows how, through a process of “othering”, their institutionalisation too often rendered them vulnerable to abuse.