Governing Unconventional Oil and Gas Extraction: The Case of Pennsylvania

Over the past decade, directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing enabled an unconventional oil and gas extraction (UOGE) boom in many regions of the United States, including parts of Pennsylvania. This revolution has created serious concerns about the capability of existing institutions to govern important societal outcomes associated with UOGE. We present a conceptual framework for assessing key societal outcomes influenced by UOGE governance. In applying this framework to Pennsylvania, we discern certain institutional strengths that have allowed the Commonwealth to reap appreciable short‐term economic growth from rich resource endowments. We also find, however, that several institutional weaknesses have allowed costs externalized to the environment, public health, and community integrity to offset some proportion of those economic benefits. Likewise, we find that governance of UOGE in Pennsylvania has contributed to a bifurcated sociopolitical landscape wherein adversarial coalitions dispute the legitimacy of the industry and its governance.     

海峡西岸经济区区域三螺旋合作深化发展路径探讨

区域正日益转变为由政府、科研院所和企业组成的三螺旋创新空间。本文首先对区域三螺旋创新空间的形成及运行特点进行了理论探讨;在此基础上,针对海峡西岸经济区正日益成为实现两岸要素资源优化整合的先行先试区域,对海峡西岸经济区区域三螺旋合作的现状和存在的问题进行了分析;最后,对推动海峡西岸经济区依托对台合作深化区域三螺旋合作提出了一些政策建议。     

凉山彝族习惯法探析——以普雄地区习惯法为重点的考察

以普雄地区习惯法为考察重点,介绍凉山彝族习惯法的概念以及普雄地区习惯法的具体内容,剖析了凉山彝族习惯法的特点和作用。凉山彝族习惯法在弥补国家法的不足,维持社会秩序以及传承彝族法律文化等方面发挥着积极的作用。因此,我们应当重视并发挥其积极作用,努力克服其消极影响,从而在凉山彝区社会中实现法治现代化与传统法文化的和谐发展,推进民族法治建设。     

关于少数民族法律人类学的反思

很多少数民族法律民族志,只是在进行资料创新而非观点创新,经验和理论呈现出两张皮样态:一边是少数民族奇闻趣事的繁琐陈列;另一边是跟经验材料关系不大的各种大名鼎鼎的理论。少数民族法律民族志要真正实现从实践出发,需要:深入经验调查,实现知识的可解释性;展开交流对话,实现知识的可积累性;进行区域比较,实现知识的可类型化。     

Striking the federal bargain in Russia: comparative regional government strategies

The central research goals of this article are to classify and explain the positions of the 89 state “governors” of Russia with regard to the most desirable federal division of power. The state governors are classified along a 5-item autonomy index based on events data and content analysis of their speeches, declarations, petitions, threats and actions from 1991–1995 as reported in two regional sources. Theoretical propositions derived from four schools of thought (essentialism, instrumentalism, relative deprivation and resource mobilization) are tested to discover which, if any, provide useful insights into the preferences and behavior of regional elites in Russia. In the end, a combined model that synthesizes elements of the above is shown to be most useful in explaining variation in elite positions.     

丝绸之路经济带区域物流一体化协调机制构建

基于构建丝绸之路区域物流协调机制的基本原则,丝绸之路经济带区域物流一体化协调机制的构建可采取3+5+2模式,即国家—省区—企业三个层级的协调机制主体,政策规划、产业结构、网络布局、企业培育、标准化制定等五个方面的协调机制客体,构建区域物流基础设施平台和区域物流公共信息平台两个协调机制载体。     

警务战术“一体化”教学模式探索

公安教育训练实现教、学、练、战一体化模式以来,为各地公安机关培养出大批高素质的专业人才。警务战术作为公安必备的基本技能,是教育训练改革的重点和先锋。我们提出的研、教、学、练、战、思一体化教学模式,就是在教、学、练、战的基础上,以科研为指导,以实战教学为取向,以培养能战、擅思的持续发展型人才为目标。     

统筹区域协调发展之生态补偿机制建构创新

区域经济合作在于统筹区域经济、资源、环境的协调发展,构建区域生态补偿机制是其重要保障,而科学的区域生态补偿机制,重在通过转移支付合理“弥补”生态功能区牺牲的利益而促使其生态保护与科学发展。构建区域生态补偿机制的现实难题,主要是同我国现行体制相关的诸多问题的综合表征,其基础依托在于法律制度、政策机制、组织体系之三个方面,其中立法创制与政策创新是关键。相关实践昭示,当前既要克服生态补偿立法上的缺陷,又要把握主体功能区规划实施的契机,推动以财政转移支付为主导的政府补偿政策机制的完善创新。     

WTO法律适用问题刍议

中国加入世贸组织 ,必然会产生WTO法的国内适用问题。依据国际法与国内法关系的一般原理 ,WTO法具有优先于我国国内法的效力 ,国内法不得与之相抵触。因此必须排除当前国际法适用中的某些障碍 ,从立法、行政和司法角度积极创造条件 ,为我国在WTO法构建的“游戏规则”中成为真正的赢家奠定基础。     

浅析利益分化与政党的社会整合

党对社会的有效整合是党执政的重要政治基础和社会基础。当代中国社会转型时期,利益群体多元化、复杂化会对执政党的社会整合功能形成一定的挑战,需要优化我国政党制度社会整合功能。探讨当代利益群体多元化与优化我国政党制度整合功能的逻辑关系具有重大的理论意义和现实意义。