我国中等收入阶层的现状与政策分析

当前我国中等收入阶层存在着许多不尽如人意的地方,实际上正对中国的社会发展和政治稳定形成冲击和挑战.要扩大中等收入阶层规模,提高中等收入阶层的整体素质,形成以中等收入阶层为主体的现代社会结构,必须选择合理的社会政策,如深化经济体制改革、分配制度改革、调整优化产业结构、完善民主机制,同时大力发展教育.     

维多利亚时期英国城市的娼妓问题

维多利亚时期的一个典型特征就在于它严厉的性道德观,对性采取一种压抑的态度。然而,在贞洁被人们所顶礼膜拜的时候,娼妓的队伍却是十分庞大的。这种相悖的社会现象的产生有着其特殊的社会背景,同时也给社会造成了一定程度的影响。     

再论"母系制"、"母权制"与女性社会地位

以往的研究中,学者多认为在母系社会里,女性具有支配性的地位,即所谓的“母权”。从世界史、人类学的视野来看,母系制与母权制是两个不同的概念,母系制社会并不必然地导致母权的出现,女性的社会地位不是由母系制这一单纯的世系因素决定。     

社会资本与正义的实现

社会资本是倍受当今社会科学领域关注的热门概念和分析的重要起点。随着社会的不断发展,市场与国家已不能也无力承担起正义实现的全部内容,社会资本理论的兴起为正义实现问题的研究提供了新思路。丰富的社会资本能使公民自觉并自愿地服务于公共利益,促进社会调剂,以实现社会经济平等;提高公民道德自律,确保公民自由的实现;并使社会拥有大量社会信任与自组织网络,增强社会合作,实现社会正义。     

Dog Whistles and Democratic Mandates

Manipulative mixed messages from candidates to voters affect what governments are entitled to do in office. A party that wins an election gains a 'mandate to rule'. But there is a second type of mandate: a 'policy mandate' to enact specific policy proposals central to the winning party's campaign. Mixed-message politics in general can undermine policy mandates, and the use of 'dog whistle politics' - telling one group of voters one thing, while allowing or encouraging another group to believe another - makes the inferring of policy mandates especially problematic. Referendums provide only a partial remedy to dog whistle politics. Winning a clear policy mandate means forgoing dog whistle politics, despite the short term electoral advantage they may deliver.     

Caribbean electricity restructuring: an assessment

This article assesses the privatisation of the electricity sector in two Caribbean countries, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago, to determine if they have been successful and whether they have contributed benefits to the respective societies. Two general methods are applied in assessing the success of the divestments; attainment of governments' stated objectives and commonly used utility performance metrics together with social and customer focus indicators. The results indicate that the stated objectives were broadly achieved, and the privatisation and its attempts brought benefits to the consumers and the society in general. The short to medium term benefits were accrued through lower labour costs per unit of electricity, higher performance of plant and operations and business led decision‐making. Long‐term benefits are accrued through the reduction or elimination of electricity supply deficits. However, although the basic privatisations were successful, the absence of an adequate regulatory framework in one case may have reduced the quantum of benefits through failure to enforce continuous improvement in the privatised generation company, and reductions in worker rents in the public distribution company. Further, benefits were reduced by long divestment processes, accompanying strategic drift, opportunity costs from delayed sale proceeds and efficiency enhancement, and the costs to sustain interim operations. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

党务公开：发展党内民主的理论和制度创新

党的十六届四中全会《决定》首次明确提出逐步推进党务公开,这是党的执政理念的新突破和提高党的执政能力的新举措。党务公开是发展党内民主的内在要求,贯穿于党内民主建设的各个方面和环节。推进党务公开,进一步扩大了党员和群众对党内事务的知情权、参与权、选择权和监督权,成为新时期发展党内民主的理论和制度创新。     

首都社会治安整体防控理论述评

首都社会治安整体防控理论的主要内容包括:整体防控的战略部署,四张网络的立体架构,防范控制的精确指导,专业力量的精确打击,队伍建设的全面推进.首都社会治安整体防控理论的科学价值在于:它建立了一套特定的概念体系,提出了一系列科学的判断,解答了新时期社会治安工作面临的系列难题.该理论对治安情况复杂地区的社会治安防控体系建设工作具有普遍的指导意义.     

试析中国政治体制改革的任务、经验及目标模式

中国现行政体是作为现代民主政体两种基本类型之一的人民民主政体.中国政治体制改革的基本任务是发展、完善现行人民民主政体,而非将其彻底否定,以自由民主政体取而代之.中国政治体制改革的一个成功经验,就是社会主义国家政治体制改革必须遵循坚持、发展、完善人民民主政体的原则.中国政治体制的目标模式应当是一种新型的人民民主政体,即以"坚持党的领导、人民当家作主和依法治国有机统一"为基本特征的新型人民民主政体.