论中国制度结构效率及二元经济的转换

制度结构效率是评价制度整体优劣的重要依据。静态的制度耦合状态决定静态的制度结构效率。在制度变迁过程中 ,适应环境变化的均衡的制度变迁是动态制度结构效率的决定性因素。我国制度变迁的路径依赖已经降低了制度的结构效率。为促进二元经济结构的转换 ,必须转换制度变迁路径 ,优化制度结构 ,提高制度结构效率     

交通宣传语设计的社会语言学思考

交通宣传语是公安交通管理部门为配合交通安全、交通管理工作而制作的宣传警示句、标语和口号。社会语言学强调,语言具有反映社会生活的特性,把语言现象和其他社会现象和社会意识联系起来,才能更好地发挥语言的功能。因此,交通宣传语必须紧密联系当代社会生活,切合时代的思想潮流,随着社会的发展而变化,才能充分发挥它的宣传和教育作用。     

作为专家证人的语言学家在立法和司法活动中的价值

法学与语言学的日趋融合，法律语言学成为人们研究的热点，语言学家的价值也日益凸现在立法和司法活动中。从立法层面观之，法律语言学家的介入将使法律文本更能体现其应有的文体特征，有助于改变世界各国普遍存在的立法失范化状况；从司法实践层面而言，语言学家的介入，将有助于解决因法规、合同等法律文本的不同诠释而产生的争议，使司法活动更合乎正义性要求。建议我国法学界给予语言学家施展其专业才能的空间，以此肯定语言学家的地位和价值，这将有助于完善我国现有的专家证人制度，从而实现法学界和语言学界的“双赢”。     

MODELING THE EFFECTS OF RACIAL THREAT ON PUNITIVE AND RESTORATIVE SCHOOL DISCIPLINE PRACTICES*

It is clear that schools are mirroring the criminal justice system by becoming harsher toward student misbehavior despite decreases in delinquency. Moreover, Black students consistently are disciplined more frequently and more severely than others for the same behaviors, much in the same way that Black criminals are subjected to harsher criminal punishments than other offenders. Research has found that the racial composition of schools is partially responsible for harsher school discipline just as the racial composition of areas has been associated with punitive criminal justice measures. Yet, no research has explored comprehensively the dynamics involved in how racial threat and other factors influence discipline policies that ultimately punish Black students disproportionately. In this study (N = 294 public schools), structural equation models assess how school racial composition affects school disciplinary policies in light of other influences on discipline and gauge how other possible predictors of school disciplinary policies relate to racial composition of schools, to various school disciplinary policies, and to one another. Findings indicate that schools responding to student misbehavior with one type of discipline tend to use other types of responses as well and that many factors predict the type of disciplinary response used by schools. However, disadvantaged, urban schools with a greater Black, poor, and Hispanic student population are more likely to respond to misbehavior in a punitive manner and less likely to respond in a restorative manner.     

权利的结构：以商法为例

权利的合成、分解和单纯结构变动是商法中的常见现象，这些现象呼唤一个权利结构方面的理论。结构是权利的重要参数，具有无限性、独立性和整体性等特征。权利的合成、分解和单纯结构变动既可能诱发权利的质变，又可能改变权利的功能，这两点已经被商法广泛运用。权利结构的设计应当是商法乃至整个私法的基本问题之一。     

中外警察讯问话语研究综述

本文对国内外警察讯问话语的研究进行了综述和评价。国内警察讯问话语研究主要从侦查学、修辞学、语用学、侦查讯问制度等方面进行了述评。国外主要以美国警察讯问改革为线索,从警察讯问话语策略、讯问语言可理解性、讯问话语研究方法、犯罪嫌疑人话语权利等方面进行了述评。借以理清警察讯问话语研究的现状并对今后警察讯问话语,尤其是中国警察讯问话语的研究提出了可能的研究方向和路径。     

结构功能主义视角下重庆“后打黑时期”黑恶组织现状分析及其长效治理

以结构功能主义理论为视角，对“后打黑时期”重庆黑恶组织现状进行分析，认为黑恶犯罪的出现、发展源于对其有制约作用的各类群体、组织制约功能的弱化；同时借用帕森斯的任意系统必备功能项理论，提出重庆“后打黑时期”，修复警察、民众部分对黑恶犯罪的制约功能，以及对民众和警察部门的系统目标、整合、文化等功能进行协调是构建“治黑”长效机制的思考方向。     

学习上海公专精神探索我省改革之路——公安部公安民警招录培养体制改革培训班学习有感

为了贯彻《中央政法委员会关于深化司法体制和工作机制改革若干问题的意见》的精神，公安院校招录培养体制进行了重大调整。上海公安专科学校已经走出一条较为成功的模式，并且受到中央领导的肯定。作为经济欠发达、管理体制也与上海有较大差异的安徽省，应该结合自身实际，探索出一条务实的公安招录培养体制的跨越之路。     

Citizen and Open Government: An Empirical Analysis of Antecedents of Open Government Data

Given the lack of empirical research investigating citizens’ use of open government, this study examines the antecedents of citizens’ use of open government data. Based on technology acceptance and motivation theory, this article proposes and empirically tests a research model, applying structural equation modeling to survey data collected from 210 citizens. The findings show that ease of use, usefulness, intrinsic motivation, and Internet competence significantly determine citizens’ intention to use open government data. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of citizens’ attitudes and behavior in the context of open government and offers implications for research and practice.     

Al-Qaeda’s Propaganda Decoded: A Psycholinguistic System for Detecting Variations in Terrorism Ideology

We describe a novel hybrid method of content analysis that combines the speed of computerized text analysis with the contextual sensitivity of human raters, and apply it to speeches that were given by major leaders of Al-Qaeda (AQ)—both in its “core” Afghanistan/Pakistan region and its affiliate group in Iraq. The proposed “Ideology Extraction using Linguistic Extremization” (IELEX) categorization method has acceptable levels of inter-rater and test-retest reliabilities. The method uncovered subtle (and potentially non-conscious) differences in the emphases that Usama Bin Laden and Ayman Al-Zawahiri put on the various components of their ideological justification for terrorism. We show how these differences were independently recognized as the crux of the rift in AQ, based on documents that were confiscated in Abbottabad following Usama Bin Laden’s assassination. Additionally, several of the ideological discrepancies that we detected between AQ “core” and its Iraqi affiliate correspond to schisms that presumably led to the splintering of AQ Iraq and the rise of ISIS. We discuss IELEX’s capability to quantify a variety of grievance-based terrorist ideologies, along with its use towards more focused and efficient counter-terrorism and counter-messaging policies.