China's new regulatory regime tailored for the sharing economy: The case of Uber under Chinese local government regulation in comparison to the EU,US, and the UK

Although Uber's arrival in China has resulted in disruptive competition for incumbent taxi companies, it offers an attractive alternative in China's supply-demand-imbalanced urban passenger transport system. China's regulatory regime for Uber has evolved in three stages: from the regulatory vacuum prior to 2015 to its official legalization in 2015–2016, and the enactment of numerous local regulations in 2016, with specific and more demanding requirements for Uber. This policy is a part of the Chinese approach to the gradual liberalization of the urban passenger transport market. Policymakers should consider ‘fair competition’ as the guiding principle to balance the interests of sharing firms and incumbent service providers, as well as between different sharing firms. The core value of this principle lies in the benefits it provides for consumers and the way it engenders a pro-competitive market environment. The labor protection arrangements for sharing firms’ laborers should be more flexible and diversified. In order to recognize whether an Uber-Driver is an employee or independent contractor, a new standard taking into account a range of factors should be established through collective negotiations between the participants of the sharing economy, and dialogues between members of the judiciary, academics, and the policymakers. Further, consumer protection law and personal data protection provisions should apply when sharing firms misuse their distinctive algorithmic management model to compete unfairly to the detriment of consumers and other users. Ex ante regulatory measures designed to protect the personal data of users should be introduced for deployment in the context of the sharing economy. When enforcing these rules, a balance should be struck ensuring free data flow that is essential to sharing firms’ innovation and competition, and the need to ensure the level of data security required to underpin a well-functioning sharing society.     

The Competition–Violence Hypothesis: Sex,Marriage, and Male Aggression

Sexually active men, who are not in a monogamous relationship, may be at a greater risk for violence than men who are sexually active within monogamous relationships and men who are not sexually active. The current study examines changes in sexual behavior and violence in adolescence to early adulthood. Data on male (n = 4,597) and female (n = 5,523) respondents were drawn from four waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent and Adult Health (Add Health). HLM regression models indicate that men who transition to a monogamous, or less competitive, mode of sexual behavior (fewer partners since last wave), reduce their risk for violence. The same results were not replicated for females. Further, results were not accounted for by marital status or other more readily accepted explanations of violence. Findings suggest that competition for sex be further examined as a potential cause of male violence.     

试述物业税的开征与房地产税制改革

开征物业税是启动新一轮税制改革的重要信号。物业税的开征 ,关乎千家万户的切身利益 ,备受瞩目。本文拟从回溯房地产税制的历史变迁着手 ,检讨房地产税制的现状 ,并通过剖析物业税开征的原因及弊端 ,揭示物业税的应有内涵     

论高校学报策划工作

在新形势下,高校学报要尽快转变观念,积极面向市场,着力强化策划工作。高校学报策划,要从定位、栏目、选题、组稿、版式、发行等环节着手,以赢得办刊工作的主动性,提高刊物的市场竞争能力。     

试析全国工人运动会竞赛制度的建立及竞赛定位

全国工人运动会应该形成固定的赛会届制制度,间隔5—6年举办;建立相应的组织机构,加强对职工体育工作的组织领导和政策法规的建设;发挥工运会于社会转型期对职工体育活动全面发展的推动、引导作用。工运会设项、立项以传统项目和推介项目相结合,面向基层,从实际出发,将竞赛定位在“普及”的层面上。     

税收法律行为初论

与税收法律关系同样都为税法学的基本范畴 ,但税收法律行为的研究在传统税法学理论中却付之阙如 ,本文即对此作出了探索性的研究。本文首先界定了税收法律行为的概念 ,并确定了其较为重要的种类划分 ;然后 ,通过对税收法律行为与行政法律行为以及私法法律行为之间关系的分析 ,明确了税收法律行为的公、私法交融的性质特征 ,并着重以契约行为为例加以进一步的说明 ;最终 ,将税收法律行为与税法上的事实行为一起 ,初步构建了税法上行为的体系。     

浅淡涉税徇私舞弊罪的界定及预防

徇私舞弊罪是渎职罪中的重要种类。目前,税务人员涉税徇私舞弊罪的现象日趋突出,已经对当前税务干部队伍建设和税务机关正常履行税务职能产生了严重影响。因此,能否正确界定和有效预防涉税徇私舞弊罪的发生,对于检察机关正确行使侦查和公诉职能,推进税务机关依法治税,有效实现国家宏观调控职能作用有积极意义。本文针对当前执法、司法活动中存在的问题,主要从犯罪主体、主观方面、犯罪客观方面对涉税徇私舞弊罪的犯罪构成及界定作了理论分析,并结合税收实际对不应认定为徇私舞弊罪的行为进行了初步探讨,提出了预防此类犯罪的对策。     

暹罗华人秘密会社的兴衰及其原因分析

本文以暹罗华人秘密会社为研究对象,阐述和探讨了暹罗华人秘密会社的兴衰及其原因。华人组建和加入秘密会社是在异国他乡生存的需要。包税制的发展为华人秘密会社的存在提供重要经济支撑,使秘密会社在暹罗得以迅速发展。随着暹罗税收制度的改革和包税制的废除,华人秘密会社存在的经济基础倾倒。暹罗政府的打击和新型华人社团的兴起也加速了秘密会社的衰落。     

新时代法理：从冲突走向合作——建立法理型社会的法律社会学思考

以法律社会学的三大研究范式即功能主义、自由多元主义和马克思主义的社会观-国家观-法律观之间的主要差异——合作、竞争和冲突——为立论基础,论证了当代中国由马克思主义的冲突观转向功能主义的合作观的必需。依据这种＂从冲突走向合作＂的新时代法理,结合当代中国国家治理的六个基本法律问题,阐述了如何在关键转型上遵循新法律理性,从基调伦理与宪政改革上建立法理型社会秩序。     

竞争法律体系协调性的内涵及其标志

协调性是竞争法律体系的根本属性,对于衡量竞争立法的科学性和竞争执法的有效性具有重要价值。研究竞争法律体系的协调性,可以有效防止和化解竞争法律冲突。竞争法律体系的协调性是由竞争法律调整目标的协调性、竞争法律原则的协调性、调整对象的协调性、法律责任的协调性以及执法体制的协调性所构成的。从应然角度分析,中国竞争法律体系协调化应当具备形式、内容和价值三个要件。