中美警务比较对我国公安改革的启示

我们通过对中美警察的警察机构、警察快速反应机制、社区警务、技术装备等方面的比较后得出:中国应该从美国的警务发展中汲取有益经验,夯实群众基础工作,建设立体治安防控体系,提高公安科技水平,建立具有中国特色的高效警务机制,做好社会稳定工作。     

东亚多边安全合作机制建设与美国因素

东亚可以说是世界上安全困境最严重的地区.为解决这些困境,东亚各国通过摸索,建立起一种多边安全合作机制.然而,该机制从建立之际,就受到美国因素的强烈影响,其未来也必然与美国因素息息相关.     

中国大学生的美国观与日本观比较

中国大学生既有反美情绪也有反日情绪,但是二者的内容、程度、性质及指向的主体有很大不同。另一方面,大多数大学生认为,美国和日本也有许多值得肯定和学习借鉴的地方,如美国国内的社会环境、价值观念等。此外,中国大学生的美国观与日本观都存在三个问题:态度上的情绪化、认识上的片面性和思维方式上的单向性。     

一群自我放逐的另类与逃亡者——田纳西·威廉斯戏剧中的男性群像

田纳西·威廉斯戏剧中塑造了一群自我放逐的男性群像.他们或是生活的失败者,或是感情畸零的同性恋者,或是被生活主潮冲刷到边缘的另类,或是沉迷于幻想中的行吟诗人.这些男性人物在与女性人物的对峙中,在责任与荣誉面前,往往选择了逃亡.剧作家通过对这些男性人物悲剧命运的描写,表达了对社会现实的批判和对美国现代文明弊病的厌弃.     

婚外性关系的法律规制

本文从比较法的角度,简要介绍了各国对婚外性关系的法律规制。其中重点分析了伊斯兰法律同美国法律在调整婚外性关系方面的差异及其成因,得出了婚外性关系的法律规制必将随着社会的发展进一步弱化的结论。     

Strain,Negative Emotions,and Deviant Coping Among African Americans: A Test of General Strain Theory

Although previous research on Agnew's (1992) general strain theory (GST) tends to yield significant effects of strain on negative emotions as well as deviance and crime, results tend to be mixed with regard to (1) the effects of negative emotions on deviance and crime and (2) conditioning factors that Agnew suggests affect the selection of coping strategies. To address these issues, we test hypotheses, derived from GST, about the relationships among strain, negative emotions, and deviant coping by analyzing data from a nationally representative sample of African American adults. Ordinary least squares regression results generally support our hypotheses. First, fully mediating the effects of strain on deviant coping, negative emotions have consistently significant effects on deviance, regardless of whether we use composite or separate measures of inner- and outer-directed emotions and deviance. Interestingly, as hypothesized, the same-directed effects of negative emotions on deviant coping are larger than the opposite-directed ones. Second, while self-esteem and self-efficacy as conditioning factors generally fail to receive empirical support, religiosity is found to significantly buffer the effects of negative emotions on deviance. Implications of our findings for further development of GST are discussed.     

The W***D C*P of 2*1*: FIFA's intellectual property rights in South Africa

Legal context: This article focuses on the relationship between trade markrights and other forms of statutory protection. Key points: FIFA is the proprietor of a number of trade mark registrationsin South Africa. The strength of these registrations is discussedand the view taken that a number are open to attack, in termsof both distinctiveness and user requirements. It is then shownthat, if statutory protection is given for the same words andphrases, the weaknesses of the trade mark registrations willbe avoided. Practical significance: The article serves as an illustration of the manner in whichinternational sporting bodies attempt to extend their IP protectionbeyond the bounds of existing legislation.     

Repeat victimization among adolescents and young adults

Prior research has shown that victimization incidents are disproportionately concentrated among relatively few victims and that prior victimization is a consistent predictor of future risk. This paper expands existing knowledge on victimization by describing temporal patterns of risk and by developing and testing alternative explanatory models of the link between past and future risk. Analyses based on panel data from the National Youth Survey support both state dependence and heterogeneity interpretations of the correlation in risk over time. In other words, prior victimization predicts future risk in part because it alters something about the individual, and because it indicates an unmeasured propensity for victimization that persists over time. The theoretical implications of these findings, including the feasibility of a victim labeling perspective, are discussed.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the annual meeting of the American Society of Criminology, Phoenix, 1993.An exception to this lack of attention is the vast literature in the area of domestic abuse.     

'Dat Var Negressen Walaida Snow'

This essay is about the jazz musician and black variety stage artist Valaida Snow and the years she spent caught in Nazi occcupied Denmark. Despite rumors that she was held in a concentration camp, this essay argues that she may in fact have been shielded from the occupiers by the Danes. This essay argues that a masculinist bias in popular cultural/jazz studies obscures the histories of black women expressive artists and limits theoretical possibilities in the study of performance. It argues that the study of black women performers demands the development of more supple analytical models that attend to the heterogeneity of black expressive forms.     

行政权力的政治监督——以美国行政法为视角

探讨美国联邦政府不同部门对行政权力的政治制衡,主要包括议会、行政首长以及行政部门的自我监督。美国经验表明,政治监督是防止行政滥用权力的重要保障。事实上,有效的政治监督是行政法治的必要条件。