Sharaf Rashidov and the international dimensions of Soviet Uzbekistan

ABSTRACT

During the Cold War, Sharaf Rashidov became a representative of the Soviet anti-imperialist agenda, a key interlocutor with Third World leaders and a promoter of Uzbekistan as a modern and emancipated model of political, economic, social and cultural development for newly independent countries emerging from decolonization. Tashkent hosted important meetings among Soviet and Asian leaders, along with international festivals of cinema and literature, which attracted hundreds of Asian, African and Latin American intellectuals, writers, poets, journalists, trade unionists and athletes. Moreover, Uzbekistan came to symbolize the self-proclaimed compatibility between communism and Islam, offering a façade of religious freedom, tolerance and tradition combined with Bolshevik progress. The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan discredited this narrative – and Uzbekistan and (posthumously) Rashidov were humiliated in the Cotton Affair – pointing to the impact as well as the limits of Uzbek internationalism.     

卢沟桥事变是世界反法西斯战争的开端——兼谈中国抗战在世界反法西斯战争中的地位

卢沟桥事变标志着世界反法西斯战争两大战场之一的东方战场的开辟,极大地改变了东亚与世界的政治格局。以卢沟桥事变为开端的中国全民族抗战,是世界反法西斯战争东方战场的主力军,它极大地消耗了日本的国力,打破了日本“北进”的迷梦,拖住了日军“南进”的步伐,为苏美英等盟国赢得了宝贵的时间。中国抗战为世界反法西斯战争的胜利作出了巨大的贡献。     

中国民主党派与抗日战争胜利

中国人民抗日战争的胜利,是中华民族全民族抗战的胜利.抗日战争期间,中国共产党倡议建立了抗日民族统一战线.各民主党派高举爱国、民主旗帜,积极参加抗日民族统一战线,为争取抗日战争的胜利发挥了重要作用,作出了重要贡献.今天,各民主党派纪念抗日战争的胜利,就必须继承和发扬民主党派老一辈的优良传统,努力为建设中国特色社会主义伟大事业建功立业.     

抗日战争时期国统区妇女职业活动研究

本文主要以抗日战争时期国统区妇女职业活动由高潮到低潮发展为线索,展现这一时期国统区妇女职业的状况、从属于民族解放运动的性质、妇女职业的战时和传统性别歧视特征,以揭示出这时期国统区妇女职业不平等状况的根源。     

冷战后的马美关系与马来西亚的外交策略

后冷战时期,马来西亚与美国展开一连串的激烈交锋,两国关系一度非常紧张。但马美经贸关系继续发展,美国还跃升为马来西亚最大的出口市场和外资来源国,这与马来西亚成功的外交策略不无关系。对美政策有效地捍卫了马来西亚的政治和经济利益,提高了马来西亚的国际地位,基本体现了马来西亚当时的国家利益。     

美国在安理会的行为——以海湾战争为例

在联合国改革呼声高涨的今天,安理会能否形成海湾战争期间的合作模式意义重大。五大常任理事国应考虑各成员国的外交需求和民族利益、事先取得一致,以此提高效率。理性使用否决权将是安理会进步的标志,表明安理会有能力消除威胁和平与安全的因素、挽救深陷困苦或濒临灭绝的生命。     

论伊拉克战争后的国际格局

伊拉克战争后,国际格局的特点是:美国继续保持超强地位,但"一超多强"结构中的角色在变化,合作依然是大国关系的基调,意识形态斗争进一步弱化。新的国际格局将由欧洲巴尔干、中东及东北亚三个子系统构成,美国是在三个子系统中都占主导地位的惟一大国,这是由美国"一超"地位决定的。在新的国际格局中,中国的影响进一步上升,在东北亚子系统中,中国尤其负有主要"责任"。     

《孙子兵法》与缉捕谋略——全警大练兵兵法探究

《孙子兵法》是现存最古老的军事著作,具有很强的军事哲理,警察与犯罪嫌疑人的对抗程度在和平年代远远超过军事领域。在全警大练兵活动中,应重视对《孙子兵法》的学习与研究,从其“先计后战”、“不战而屈人之兵”、“强而避之”、“诡道”等思想中涉取养料,提高全警缉捕犯罪嫌疑人的能力,提高破案率,减少民警不必要的伤亡     

Prevail or perish: Anglo-German naval competition at the beginning of the twentieth century

Abstract

British politicians often argued that Britain maintained its navy only in order to secure its own survival by keeping sea communications open, while Germany in no real need of a powerful navy, threatened this legitimate British policy-goal by pursuing expansionist politics. German leaders, emboldened and a little dazzled by the tremendous industrial and economic success of the newly unified Reich, held that Britain was maintaining its economic dominance in the Empire by military means and thus blocking the progress Germany hoped to make in its aspiration to parity status and economic prosperity, with all that that entailed. This paper will explore the underlying rationale of the arms race between Britain and Germany shining through in those different positions on legitimate (military) policy aims. It will go beyond the visible symbols, as it were, of the Dreadnought and the Two-Power standard. These very concrete matters will also be dealt with here but, more importantly, this essay is meant to give some answer as to whether an archetypal differentiation between survival on the one hand and domination on the other can be made out as the predominant logic that led the two countries to embark on the road to the Great War.     

From Young Turks to modern Turkey: the story of Hüseyin Aziz Akyürek (Aziz Bey), the last director of the Ottoman General Security Service

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, founder of modern Turkey, was one of the early leaders of the Young Turk movement. Nevertheless, when he founded modern Turkey as a nation-state he pushed the veterans of the Young Turks aside, as their pan-Turanian ideology no longer suited the basics of the new state. The leaders of the Young Turks represented the past and their perceptions no longer corresponded with the change of circumstances and the new objects of the nascent state. While Armenian activists assassinated some of the top leaders of the Young Turks as a revenge for the Armenian genocide, second-rank leaders had now to find their way in modern Turkey. Aziz Bey was one of the seniors of the Ottoman security system during the Young Turks period and eventually reached the most senior position of director of the Ottoman General Security Service. When modern Turkey emerged, because of his remarkable talents, he managed to fit in middle-level positions in the new state (province governor, mayor and MP), but never regained elite status.