Validation studies of rapid stain identification-blood (RSID-blood) kit in forensic caseworks

When bloodstains are detected at crime scene using presumptive tests (e.g. luminol, phenolphthalein, leuchomalachite green), it is important to establish the real human nature of each stain. This is possible using confirmatory tests. One of these is rapid stain identification-blood (RISD-blood) a lateral flow immuno-chromatographic strip test format which allows the identification of human blood by detection of glycophorin A, a red blood cell membrane antigen, using two anti-human glycophorin A (GPA) monoclonal antibodies.The aim of this study is to assess the sensitivity of RSID-blood test in old, degraded bloodstains and in some bloodstains previously treated with BlueStar Forensic, a presumptive test which is often used in crime scene investigations to detect latent bloodstains. The genetic analysis of all bloodstains of confirmed human nature was subsequently performed using the AmpF1STR Identifiler PCR Amplification Kit (Applied Biosystems), to validate the possibility of obtain a consistent and reliable DNA typing results.     

社区戒毒协议的法律性质探析

社区戒毒是《中华人民共和国禁毒法》颁布后新增的戒毒制度，顺应了社区矫正理念的时代要求，对于调动社会力量一起致力于打击毒品违法行为，促使毒品成瘾者顺利回归社会，增强社区公民的法律意识和社会责任感具有重大意义。当下社区戒毒发展主要呈现出单一型和复合型两种模式的态势，两种不同发展模式之下的社区戒毒协议也因此具备了行政命令、行政合同和民事格式合同等不同的性质，而对协议法律性质的清晰界定是研究社区戒毒和完善社区戒毒制度的重要基础。     

经济适用房存在的必要性分析——基于福利经济学与人性假设理论的解释

运用福利经济学、人性假设理论，对经济适用房实现资本循环、拉动内需等方面的作用进行论述；运用人性假设理论，对住房保障对象的心里需求进行分析。经济适用房能够实现在为保障对象提供社会住房福利的同时，使投资于福利事业的结果给社会带来更大的收益；并且充分尊重和保护了保障对象的福利选择权益。因此经济适用房是我国住房保障体系中不可或缺的一部分。     

Authority, Meaning and Inclusive Legal Positivism

Book reviewed in this article:
Jules Coleman, The Practice of Principle: In Defence of a Pragmatist Approach to Legal Theory     

论校园安全问题的综合应对

校园的安全问题扣动着政府、学校、老师、家长的心弦。学校、幼儿园应当在公安机关的指导下做到人防网络化、物防普及化、技防现代化。     

Outcome of sex determination from ulnar and radial ridge densities of Brazilians’ fingerprints: Applying an existing method to a new population

Fingerprints do not repeat, varying from region to region on the same fingerprint and from person to person. Using this morphological exclusivity in the individualization of people is considered one of the most reliable methods of identification worldwide. Many populations have been studied with respect to sex determination from fingerprints. In this study, the ridge density from two different areas - ulnar and radial - of the ten fingerprints from 100 Brazilian men and 100 Brazilian women was ascertained and statistically analyzed. The aim was to check whether these characteristics depended on sex to distinguish them categorically. Women had significantly higher ridge density in both areas for the fingers analyzed globally. Sometimes, men and women showed statistically significant differences in hands and fingers. From ulnar and radial ridge densities, this research developed thresholds for sexual discrimination cases of human identification in Brazil.     

论作为法治价值基础的"人的尊严"

人的尊严与正义、良善等价值有着相近之处,都具有元属性。在元价值的语境中,其具有为法治提供价值、塑造意义、确立原则的功能。     

强制采集人体样本信息立法研究

强制采集人体样本信息作为目前国家机关执法中维护国家安全、社会稳定、行政管理和侦查破案的强制措施做法，在现实社会中得到了较为广泛的应用。但这些涉及到刑事和行政强制的做法却很大程度上缺乏法律法规的授权与支持。因此，现实的需要与依法行政的矛盾就此产生，并在一定程度上演化为行政机关对公民权利的肆意侵犯。因此，应当加强相关立法，通过完善的强制采集人体样本信息制度设计来达到强制采集人体样本信息与人权保障的衡平。     

Classification of the Y-haplogroup distributions of Western Eurasian populations using a self-learning algorithm

The understanding of historical relationship between populations is a core aspect of human population history studies. We have compared the frequency of 18 different Y-SNP haplogroups in 90 Western Eurasian populations. Classification of haplogroup distribution vectors using a new self-learning classification algorithm so called “self-organizing cloud (SOC)” proved to be an effective tool to identify population groups, which share common paternal genetic features. By means of the algorithm, we have determined 10 different classes of populations based on the similarity of haplogroup composition. The analysis showed that paternal genetic markers tend to reflect geographical proximity of populations better than linguistic relationship, although certain Y-SNP haplogroups have relatively good correlation with specific language families. These observations are based on the comparative analysis of the Hg distributions of contemporary populations may reflect demographic history of them in the past.     

分析女性受压迫问题的另一视角——《女权主义政治与人的本质》述评

《女权主义政治与人的本质》是阿莉森.贾格尔的代表作。该书认为异化概念可以为系统分析当代社会女性所受压迫提供一个比阶级分析更恰当的理论框架。异化是当代资本主义社会中女性的普遍和基本体验,女性的彻底解放需要一种社会生产的全新组织模式和彻底消除女性柔弱气质。该书认识到了父权制和资本主义制度之间的同一性和彼此强化性,但用异化这个马克思在其成熟时期已然弃用的概念来做理论框架的基础使得贾格尔的分析有时会显得力不从心。