用双抗夹心间接ELISA方法检测p30确证人类精斑

检测p30确证精斑有下列几种方法:免疫扩散,免疫电泳,交叉免疫电泳,胶乳凝集抑制试验,薄层免疫分析和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA).这些方法各有优缺点,就灵敏度而论,则以     

试论保持高校学生党员先进性长效机制构建

探讨高校保持学生党员先进性的长效机制建设，对于推动高校学生党建工作有很强的现实意义。结合高校学生党建工作实际，构建保持学生党员先进性长效机制，重点应在组织发展、学习教育、党员管理三个方面。     

废除死刑之门——未成年人不判死刑原则及其在中国的确立与延伸

禁止对未成年人判处死刑是联合国《儿童权利公约》、《少年司法最低限度标准规则》、《公民权利与政治权利国际公约》等所确立的一项基本原则。自20世纪初以来,中国即开始了确立这一原则的努力,但直到1997年刑法典才实现了与这一原则的"无缝衔接"。考察未成年人不判死刑原则在中国确立的历程,至少有三点启示:第一,尽管艰难,但彻底废除死刑在中国仍具有实现的可能性;第二,从犯罪主体(强调其社会弱势群体特征)的角度废除死刑要比从罪行性质的角度入手,更具可行性,也更为平等和较少带来负面影响;第三,青年,尤其是年轻青年与未成年人有着诸多类似之处,可以而且应当首先将未成年人不判死刑规则延伸于这一群体,这也是避免误判不满18岁未成年人死刑的需要。     

Developmental validation of a novel lateral flow strip test for rapid identification of human blood (Rapid Stain Identification™-Blood)

Human blood is the body fluid most commonly encountered at crime scenes, and blood detection may aid investigators in reconstructing what occurred during a crime. In addition, blood detection can help determine which items of evidence should be processed for DNA-STR testing. Unfortunately, many common substances can cause red-brown stains that resemble blood. Furthermore, many current human blood detection methods are presumptive and prone to false positive results. Here, the developmental validation of a new blood identification test, Rapid Stain Identification™-Blood (RSID™-Blood), is described. RSID™-Blood utilizes two anti-glycophorin A (red blood cell membrane specific protein) monoclonal antibodies in a lateral flow strip test format to detect human blood. We present evidence demonstrating that this test is accurate, reproducible, easy to use, and highly specific for human blood. Importantly, RSID™-Blood does not cross-react with ferret, skunk, or primate blood and exhibits no high-dose hook effect. Also, we describe studies on the sensitivity, body fluid specificity, and species specificity of RSID™-Blood. In addition, we show that the test can detect blood from a variety of forensic exhibits prior to processing for DNA-STR analysis. In conclusion, we suggest that RSID™-Blood is effective and useful for the detection of human blood on forensic exhibits, and offers improved blood detection when compared to other currently used methods.     

论自然债务

自然债务是民法学者很少涉及的一个概念。文章着重考察了自然债务、法定义务与道德义务之联系与区别 ,从而大体从理论上界定了自然债务的本质 ,并以此为基点探讨了其构成及效力问题。最后 ,就这一制度在民法典中如何规定提出了自己的看法。     

论法律保留原则

从我国行政法律理论和实践出发 ,法律保留在我国确立的基本依据是民主原则、法治国家要求和基本人权 ,其适用范围理论应该采用重要性理论 ,其适用的密度应该涉及法律、行政法规、地方性法规、单行条例、自治条例、行政规章等 ,法律保留适用的领域应该包括涉及人身权、财产权、劳动权、受教育权、政治权利以及行政组织和行政程序等行政活动领域 ,而且法律保留原则还要求法律必须具有明确性 ,以保证行政权力公正合理地行使     

人权保护视野下的证人隐名制度

在刑事诉讼程序中授予某些证人隐名,是国际法庭和西方国家普遍的做法。证人隐名是投入资源最少,往往也是最为有效的保护证人安全与隐私利益的举措,是建立证人出庭制度的重要一环。允许证人在作证时不披露身份,可能会影响被追诉人质证权的行使,损害被追诉人接受公正审判的权利。为此,国际社会与各国设立的证人隐名制度,通常都设计了较为详细的证据规则与程序保障机制,以实现被追诉人与证人之间的利益平衡。了解证人隐名制度的运行状况与其中蕴含的价值选择,有助于我国证人出庭制度乃至庭审制度的借鉴与改革。     

Characterization of human DNA in environmental samples

Environmental samples from indoor surfaces can be confounded by dust, which is composed largely of human skin cells and has been documented to contain roughly tens of micrograms of total DNA per gram of dust. This study complements previous published work by providing estimates of the quantity of amplifiable human DNA found in environmental samples from a typical indoor environment, categorized by the intensity of human traffic and visible quantity of dust. Dust was collected by surface swabbing standard 576 cm² areas in eight locations, and evaluated for total DNA quantity, presence of human DNA (mitochondrial and nuclear loci using conventional PCR), quantity of human nuclear DNA using quantitative PCR, and STR analysis. The total DNA content of 36 dust samples ranged from 9 to 28 ng/cm², and contained 0.2–1.1 pg/cm² of human DNA. Overall, human DNA was detected in 97% of 36 dust samples and 61% of samples yielded allele distributions of varying degrees of complexity when subjected to STR analysis. The implications of this study are twofold. First, the presence of dust in evidence can be a significant contamination source in forensic investigations because the human DNA component is of sufficient quality and quantity to produce allele calls in STR analysis. This can be effectively managed by implementing stringent protocols for collection and analysis of potential biological samples. A second implication is the use of dust as a source of evidence for identification of inhabitants within a defined location. In the latter case, a number of additional studies would be necessary to identify relevant pretreatments for environmental dust samples and to develop the necessary deconvolution techniques to separate the composite genotypes obtained.     

西方近代的绅士和淑女

在近代西方资产阶级社会中,人的理想形象应该是"世界公民"、"自由人".这建立在自然法和人格的基础上,经过资产阶级的知性宗教,最终落实在儒雅的社会生活中.在交游中培养美德,在趣味中发现精神,这个向世界敞开着的"家园"的主人翁就是绅士和淑女.     

保妇康栓治疗伴有人乳头瘤病毒感染的宫颈上皮内瘤Ⅰ型38例

目的:观察中药保妇康栓治疗伴有人乳头瘤病毒(human papilloma virus,HPV)感染的宫颈上皮内瘤(cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN )Ⅰ型患者的临床疗效.方法:伴有HPV感染的CIN Ⅰ型 76例患者被随机分成治疗组和对照组.治疗组予中药保妇康栓阴道内置药3个月,治疗后行液基细胞学检查(liquid based cytology test,LCT)及电子阴道镜检查.对照组不使用任何药物,3个月后行LCT及电子阴道镜检查.结果:3个月后LCT示治疗组HPV感染转阴率为71.05%,与对照组自然消退率(50.00%)比较,差异具有显著性(P<0.05).电子阴道镜检查示治疗组55.27%的CIN Ⅰ型转为慢性炎症,与对照组(34.21%)比较,差异具有显著性(P<0.05),结论:保妇康栓对轻度宫颈病变有一定的治疗作用.