Coombs’ Bastard Child: The Troubled Life of CDEP

In the mid 1970s HC Coombs was a major promoter of the idea behind the CDEP scheme: that rather than pay lots of Aboriginal people in remote areas unemployment benefits it would be more constructive for them to be employed part‐time by local Indigenous organisations to undertake socially useful tasks. From this simple idea was born one of the most significant and, in time, one of the largest Indigenous‐specific programs Australia has seen, the Community Development Employment Projects scheme. The birth was not easy and neither has been the subsequent life of what I have called, with great licence, Coombs’ bastard child.     

中国特色社会主义人民群众观的实现路径探析

中国特色社会主义人民群众观,是马克思主义人民群众观在中国的继承、运用、创新和发展．它在中国特色社会主义理论体系中居于最基础和最核心的地位。新时期、新形势下,灵活掌握和善于运用中国特色社会主义人民群众观,及时发现和高度重视在实现中国特色社会主义人民群众观中存在的突出问题,建立科学、合理、流畅的中圆特色社会主义人民群众观的实现路径,是贯彻落实科学发展观,建设中国特色社会主义的必然要求。     

把握终极价值追求 建立自由人的联合体——马克思主义中国化过程中需渗透的基本思想

马克思主义的使命,首先是无产阶级的解放,进而是全人类的解放,最终达到＂自由人的联合体＂的理想社会状态。通过理论武装无产阶级,使之认识到资本主义的弊端,认识到无产阶级的伟大力量及变革旧制度的基本途径,认识到人类社会的发展规律,实现无产阶级的解放。同时,深刻把握自然界、人类社会、思维领域的本质和发展规律,达到＂自由人联合体＂的理想状态。由此可见,马克思主义的基本思想在于探索人类解放的基本规律,实现人的自由解放。因此,在推进马克思主义中国化的过程中,始终要渗透这一原则性思想,从而不断推进马克思主义的理论创新。     

人民调解协议司法确认之定性分析

人民调解协议从性质上讲属于双方当事人为解决纠纷而订立的和解契约。《人民调解法》第33条所确定的司法确认制度本质上乃是人民法院依当事人双方的申请赋予人民调解协议以强制执行力之制度,司法确认程序属于非讼程序。《人民调解法》所规定的人民调解协议司法确认之路径是有违民事实体法和诉讼法理的。应当在立足于司法确认程序乃非讼程序之基础上,遵循人民法院审查人民调解协议所约定的内容是否适于强制执行之路径进行具体的程序设计。     

对执法为民几个问题的思考

公安机关和公安执法工作要真正做到执法为民,首要的是澄清认识问题。一是如何定位公安机关的角色?二是如何界定警察的权利和义务?三是如何行使警察权力?四是如何看待警务保障?只有澄清这些认识问题,才能使公安工作的每一个方面、每一个环节都真正体现人民的愿望、满足人民的需要、维护人民的利益,真正做到执法为民。     

怎样将大学办得让人民满意

教育为人民服务,办让人民满意的教育,是我们办教育的根本宗旨。大学在追求教学和科学研究的卓越性的同时,还必须让人民满意。大学是否能让人民满意,是检验大学办得好坏的一个标准,怎样将大学办得让人民满意,也是检验大学领导能力建设的一个根本性的标准。要将大学办得让人民满意,就应该做到:让学生满意,让家长满意,让政府满意,让社会满意。如果这四个方面都做到了,我们的大学才能是让人民满意的。在建设让人民满意的大学的同时,要注意树立依法治校的观念,处理好办让人民满意的大学和让大学承担无限责任的关系;处理好让学生满意、让家长满意与严格学校管理的关系;处理好加强基础研究与为现实需要服务的关系;处理好让政府满意、让社会满意与坚持社会公正、代表社会良心的关系。     

Old people in Polish cities in the late eighteenth century

The issue of old age as a period in life of a person in the cities of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was not widely discussed in historic literature of the past. This was due, to a large extent, to the beliefs of the researchers regarding the difficulty in capturing this phenomenon in light of rather Modest statistical sources. This study is, therefore, an attempt to scrutinise the mechanisms behind the functioning of city communities in the territories of central Poland in the late-feudal age on a basic level - the level of the smallest social unit and its economic base, i.e. the household, based on handwritten civil-military censuses from 1791-1792. The author is interested in the living situation of old people, their sizes and gender proportions in cities varying in size: from small to large ones in the second half of the 18th century. The article presents the dependencies between the age and position of men and women in the household and the proportions of old people being heads of households. Using the typology by Peter Laslett a model of a household ran by old people was shown against the background of a general structure of households in cities. The last part of the text concerns the size of households ran by old people, taking into account the social status, and their position within the family. The analysis of the censuses does not allow to determine any clear difference of living through old age in Polish cities in the 18th century in comparison to the regions which are attributed a ’unique’ model of European forms of family. The structural similarity of old age seen in Polish cities is closer to the model observed in cities of western than of eastern Europe.     

Popping the cultural bubble of violence risk assessment tools

Violence risk instruments are administered in medico-legal contexts to estimate an individual’s likelihood of future violence. However, their ostensible limitations; in particular their mono-cultural and risk-centric composition, has drawn academic attention. These concerns may facilitate erroneous risk evaluations for certain non-white populations. Yet it remains unaddressed how cultural differences will be appraised in a risk assessment framework and which specific cultural factors should be considered. Provisions under the Canadian Criminal Code allow for Gladue Reports, to be sought by judicial officers prior to sentencing Indigenous people. Gladue Reports provide insights into an Indigenous person’s unique circumstances that may have led to their offending as well as community-based options for rehabilitation. We proffer that there may be value in augmenting the risk evaluation with culturally relevant Gladue style considerations identified by relevant Indigenous people to provide a more holistic account of an Indigenous individual’s circumstances.     

Are older deafblind people being left behind? A narrative review of literature on deafblindness through the lens of the United Nations Principles for Older People

Underpinned by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRDP), Agenda 2030 and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is the international goal to ‘leave no one behind’. However, the World Federation of the Deafblind have argued that deafblind people have been excluded from international welfare and disability development programmes. Despite making up the majority of the deafblind population, it appears that older deafblind people are particularly invisible. The paper builds on the earlier work of others, which translated the UN Principles for Older Persons into the language of older visually impaired adults, by using them here as the lens for a narrative review of the literature on older deafblind people. It argues that existing research demonstrates that older deafblind people are not only being ‘left behind’ in benefitting from implementation of the UN Principles, but also that the focus of the UN Principles themselves risks maintaining or enhancing their exclusion. Further research and policy development with older deafblind people is required to ensure that international and national social welfare policies and provision are not nugatory to the older deafblind population.     

行政文化与行政发展管见

本文从行政文化的界定出发,认为当代行政文化研究是政治文化的一个特定的论域。现代行政发展需要开展行政文化研究,特别是要关注社会政治主体的实际展现。为此需要树立"以公民为本"的政治理念,以催动社会政治主体的成熟与行政管理现代化的发展。