论邓小平发展中美关系的策略与现实意义

中美关系是影响世界格局的大国关系之一，关系到亚太地区乃至世界的和平与稳定。邓小平以坚定的原则性与高度的灵活性相结合提出了一系列关于中美关系的精辟论述，并妥善处理中美关系，对中美关系的发展做出了历史性的贡献。在21世纪的中美关系中，邓小平有关原则性与灵活性相结合的策略对解决当前中美之间的结构性矛盾仍具有重要的价值。     

宗教对美国政治的影响

美国宪法所规定的政教分离制度并不像一般人所理解的那样,将宗教与政治严格分离开来,而只是规定国家和教会在机构上分离。事实上,在美国宗教从来就没有与政治彻底分开过,宗教对政治活动有着很大的影响。     

一战后美国在德国赔偿问题上的政策演变

由于美国的政治和军事力量相对欧洲协约国处于弱势,美国在巴黎和会上在赔偿问题上向英法做出了较大让步,致使赔偿问题趋于复杂。在20世纪20年代初期,美国放弃了在赔偿问题上的发言权。从20世纪20年代中期开始,从维护自身的利益出发美国再次介入德国赔偿问题。研究一战后美国在德国赔偿问题上的政策演变可以使我们对美国外交政策制定的背景、20世纪20年代美国外交政策的特点有比较清楚的认识,从而加深对美国外交政策本质的认识。     

从中美影片看中西文化及艺术的差异

从中美两部题材相近的影片中可以看出两国在文化艺术方面的差异。同是表现家庭、婚姻、情感的影片,中国影片处处洋溢着生活的乐趣和家庭的幸福,美国影片则完全深入到人物的内心深处去关照现实人生的生存状态,充满了人文精神;在艺术手法方面中国影片多运用中近景形成连贯跳跃的节奏,美国影片则运用了数量较多的景深镜头和中全景表现人物内心世界。在整体表现手法上美国影片有许多值得中国影片借鉴之处。     

简述美国区域经济的均衡政策及启示

本文分析了２０ 世纪３０ 年代的美国区域经济的失衡状况，运转特征及负面效应，介绍了联邦政府积极利用财政手段进行调控的七条均衡政策，论述了当代中国在加快开发落后地区时值得借鉴的四条重要启示     

中美两国在“越美和谈”问题上的较量

为了试探北越的意图并传达武力讹诈的信息,给战争升级制造恰当的理由,美国约翰逊政府在与越南在巴黎和谈前的1964年6月至1968年4月,曾多次做出和谈的姿态和尝试。越美间的试探性接触引起了中国政府的极大关注,出于谈判时机、国家利益、反"苏修"斗争和抑止"苏修"在印度支那扩张的考虑,中国政府坚决反对越美间的任何试探性和谈,因而在这个问题上与美国进行了反复的较量。     

Participatory action research into donor–recipient relations: a case study

This article describes the exploratory and preparatory phase of a research project designed to use co-operative enquiry as a method for transformative and participatory action research into relations between donors and recipients in two developing countries, Bolivia and Bangladesh. It describes the origins of the idea, the conceptual challenges that the authors faced in seeking funding, and what they learned from this first phase. The authors analyse why the researchers, as well as the potential subjects of the research, were uncomfortable with the proposed methodology, including the challenges arising from their own positions and the highly sensitive nature of the topic. They explain why they decided to abandon the project, and they reach some tentative conclusions concerning the options for participatory action learning and research in development practice.     

Cultural encounters: learning from cross-disciplinary science and development practice in ecosystem health

Overcoming challenges to ecosystem health calls for breaking down disciplinary and professional barriers. Through reflection on a research and development project to address pesticide-related concerns in northern Ecuador, this article presents challenges encountered and accommodations made, ranging from staff recruitment, through baseline assessments and community education activities, to mobilising for policy change. In so doing, it exposes underlying problems of paradigm and process inherent in bringing researchers and development practitioners together, in addition to the problematic role of advocacy that is associated with joint research and development initiatives in the fields of agriculture and health.     

Embracing marginality: place-making vs development in Gardenton,Manitoba

Based on a two-year, multi-method study of ‘development’ in one small community in rural Manitoba, Canada, the article examines how the community and people's reasons for living there have both changed and remained consistent since the beginning of the area's settlement by Ukrainian immigrants in the late nineteenth century. The community has much in common with marginalised areas of the global South, in terms of its treatment at the hands of those in the centre and those who promote ‘development’. The author argues that the concept of ‘place-making’ allows for both a greater understanding of the dynamics in the community and greater possibilities for building sustainable, liveable places, than does the concept or practice of ‘development’.     

联合国全民教育和教育可持续发展目标视角下拉美教育性别平等

由于贫困、社会偏见和传统教育体制的局限性,拉美教育存在较为严重的性别不平等,未达到联合国“2000—2015年全民教育”性别均等和平等目标的要求,主要表现为中学阶段男性失学现象严重,女性面临学习环境不包容、学业中存在障碍和就业竞争力弱等问题。要解决这些问题,需要运用新的思路打开局面。联合国“2015—2030年教育可持续发展目标”的17项具体目标均提及性别平等。该目标强调包容公平和终身学习两个要点,把全民教育关于教育普及和机会均等的各个分散目标整合到上述两个主题之下,这为解决拉美教育性别不平等问题提供了一个综合的解决思路和行为框架。按照该目标的思路,拉美国家应继续实施有条件现金转移支付等公共政策,促进教育机会公平,减少男性失学现象;应努力消除校园暴力和性别歧视,实现优质包容的教育;应重视职业技术教育,为所有男性和女性在学习和工作多个阶段提供灵活的、个性化的、以就业为导向的职业教育,帮助其实现终身学习和可持续发展,促进教育质量的性别平等。