新时期共青团组织资源管理探赜

共青团战略性课题的破解与共青团组织自身的资源状况密切相关.共青团是兼具政治性、社会性、服务性的复合型公共组织,具有多样化的组织资源类型及其获取方式.新时期共青团组织的生存、运行、发展和创新有赖于对共青团组织资源的合理规划、充分汲取和有效配置.     

Seeking Systemic Change: Risk and Protective Factors Affecting Low-Income Urban Youth

This themed issue presents five articles tackling the topic of risk and protective processes affecting children and adolescents living in urban poverty. Through their research, the authors seek understanding of the particular challenges that low-income urban youth face, with the ultimate goal of understanding how best to intervene at various levels of the ecological system. Within this broad theme, studies examine specific stressors, mediators, and moderators that impact the mental health of youth living in urban poverty. The final article presents a data-driven, community-based intervention for this population.     

Stressful Life Experiences and Peer Externalizing Behaviors Mediate the Relation Between Reduced Family Support and Externalizing Symptoms in Low-Income Urban Youth

Family support, urban stressors, and peer behavior were examined in relation to externalizing symptoms in 605 predominantly low-income urban sixth through eighth grade adolescents. Mother and father support were each associated with lower levels of externalizing symptoms in both males and females. For males, father absence was associated with increased peer externalizing behavior and heightened rates of youth externalizing symptoms. Stress (in the form of major life events, daily hassles, and exposure to violence) and peer externalizing behavior were examined as mediators of the relation between parent support and youth externalizing symptoms. Increased stress exposure mediated the relation between weak mother and father support and youth externalizing symptoms. Additionally, for females, peer externalizing behavior mediated the relation between weak mother support and youth externalizing symptoms.     

Citizenship,enclaves and earnings: comparing two cool countries

This paper uses the Canadian 2006 Census and the Swedish 2006 register data to analyse the citizenship effect on the relative earnings of immigrants, using instrumental variable regression to control for citizenship acquisition. We ask: ‘Is there a citizenship effect and if any, in which country is it that we find the largest effect and for which immigrant groups?’ We add one further dimension, asking if the size of the co-immigrant population in the municipality has an effect on earnings. We find that the impact of citizenship acquisition is substantial in both Canada and Sweden. However, the place of birth of immigrants is important. In most cases, immigrant women in Sweden enjoy a higher citizenship premium than is the case for immigrant women in Canada. Amongst men the picture is more mixed. Most European groups receive a larger citizenship premium in Canada as compared to Sweden. Being in a city with more immigrants of the same background is better for earnings in Sweden than in Canada. However, being in a city with a lot of immigrants (regardless of origin) is better in Canada as compared to Sweden.     

五四以来中国共产党领导青年运动的历程、特征和基本经验

中国共产党从青年运动中脱颖而出,并发展壮大。在民主革命时期,党领导以青年为先锋队的革命队伍反抗＂三座大山＂的压迫,取得了新民主主义革命的胜利。新中国成立后,党主要通过共青团来动员青年参加社会主义建设。党始终围绕各个时期的中心任务开展青年运动。随着对青年成长成才规律和青年运动规律认识的深化,党对青年运动的领导逐步走向成熟：从直接领导到渗透性领导,从争取青年到组织青年、团结青年、引导青年、凝聚青年、服务青年。党必须在理论和实践上与时俱进,保持先进性,用科学、完整、发展的马克思主义来指导青年运动,通过青年的核心组织——共青团来领导青年运动;党必须不断改进、改善领导方式和方法,照顾好青年的特点,关心青年,始终代表和维护最广大青年的利益,才能领导好青年运动。     

青少年自我的结构论与渐成说——埃里克森对弗洛伊德的发展

埃里克森在弗洛伊德理论的基础上,构建出以＂自我同一性＂为内核的新理论,这一理论是对弗洛伊德的传承与创新。在这种发展的视野延伸中,其理论突破了以前的瓶颈,达到了新的质的飞跃。     

论日本对中国东北地区的移民侵略──日本军国主义侵略本质的新视角

伪满14年期间,日本策划并实施了对中国东北的移民侵略,其政策是通过“移民计划大纲”、派遣“试验移民”及“百万户移民计划”来进行的。日本移民政策的形成过程、各种类型的移民活动及通过国家与民间的管理机构对进入中国东北移民的管理,是为了把日本移民组织成武装集团,监视和镇压当地人民,以达到其长期侵占中国东北的目的。     

Long‐Run Labor Market Effects of the Job Corps Program: Evidence from a Nationally Representative Experiment

Job Corps is the nation's largest and most comprehensive career technical training and education program for at‐risk youth ages 16 to 24. Using the sample from a large‐scale experiment of the program from the mid‐1990s, this article uses tax data through 2015 (20 years later) to examine long‐term labor market impacts. The study finds some long‐term beneficial effects for the older students, with employment gains of 4 percentage points, 40 percent reductions in disability benefit receipt, and 10 percent increases in tax filing rates in 2015. For these students, program benefits exceeded program costs from the social perspective. This study is the first to establish that a national program for disconnected youth can produce long‐term labor market gains, and can be a positive investment made for society. The results suggest that intensive, comprehensive services that focus on developing both cognitive and noncognitive skills are important for improving labor market prospects for this population.     

EMPLOYMENT AID FOR YOUTH AGING OUT OF FOSTER CARE: EXTENDING ONE-STOP CAREER CENTERS TO INCLUDE A DIVISION FOR FOSTER CARE YOUTH

Every year thousands of children are discharged from the foster care system and find themselves ill prepared for the responsibility of adulthood. Providing enhanced employment opportunities to both current and former foster care youth will allow them to become economically self-sufficient and therefore have an improved transition from foster care. This Note proposes that states incorporate a foster youth employment program in the one-stop career centers mandated by the Workforce Investment Act. Through this program, foster youth will be provided with the tools they need for success while maintaining control over their own future.     

当代青年满意度的初步研究——以陕西青年为例

通过对陕西4567名青年进行16项满意度的问卷调查,结果显示:陕西青年的满意度总体较低,不同区域、性别、学历的青年在满意度的各项指标上存在显著性差异。从区域上看,陕北的青年满意度较高;从性别上看,女性的满意度较高;从学历上看,学历水平的高低与满意度不成正相关。文章根据调查结果提出了思考与建议。