浅析当代青年生活方式的特征及发展趋势

青年期是人生发展的转型期和关键期,青年以怎样的方式去生活,对青年人生发展具有特殊意义。研究当代青年生活方式的问题,应该从发展的角度,根据青年生活方式的时代性、过渡性、层次性的总体特征,着重考虑青年的生活目标、生活方式的世界化和民族化、物质生活与精神生活的平衡、对接受教育的理解以及正确处理闲暇与工作的关系等方面的内容。     

Different Concepts of Ethnicity in a Cross-Atlantic Study of Violence and Drug Use among Deviant Youth

Despite their common multi-ethnic populations, the meaning and application of the term ethnicity varies between the United States, Canada and the Netherlands. This paper attempts the construction of a racial/ethnic measure that enables meaningful cross-national comparisons. As part of the Drugs, Alcohol and Violence International (DAVI) project, the link between different measures of ethnicity and alcohol use, drug use, violence, and delinquency was studied within samples of 14- to 17-year-old juvenile detainees and dropouts in Philadelphia, Toronto and Amsterdam. Results showed a relationship between origin (the most discriminating of ethnicity measures) and alcohol and drug use, but not violence-related behaviour. Differences in substance use and violence were more attributable to differences between countries and samples than between ‘western’ and ‘non-western’ youth.Annemieke Benschop (MSc) is a researcher at the Bonger Institute of Criminology at the University of Amsterdam. Lana D. Harrison (MA, PhD) is Associate Director of the Center for Drug and Alcohol Studies and a Professor at the University of Delaware (Newark, DE). Dirk J. Korf (MA, PhD) is an Associate Professor and Research Director at the Bonger Institute of Criminology at the University of Amsterdam, and an Associate Professor in Criminology at Utrecht University. Patricia Erickson (MA, PhD) is a Senior Scientist with the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) in Toronto (Canada) and a cross-appointed Professor in Sociology and Criminology at the University of Toronto.     

思想政治课中的人格培养功能探析

21世纪是知识化、信息化竞争激烈的时代.它对人才的要求不仅是知识丰富,还应要求人才具有良好的品德、丰富的情感、健康的人格.但目前,我们当前的学校还存在着重智育、轻德育,重分数、轻人格的倾向.忽视对学生的人格教育,在一定程度上将导致学生人格的障碍,人格的缺失给青少年个人、家庭及其社会都带来极大的危害.为减少危害,应及时运用思想政治课独特的教育功能和优势培养青少年的健康人格.     

WE NEVER CALL THE COPS AND HERE IS WHY: A QUALITATIVE EXAMINATION OF LEGAL CYNICISM IN THREE PHILADELPHIA NEIGHBORHOODS*

This article presents data from the completed first wave of a multiwave comparative study of crime, danger, and informal social control that focuses on youth living in three high‐crime neighborhoods in Philadelphia, PA (N= 147). The study is a purposive sample of delinquent and nondelinquent young men and women in one predominantly African‐American, one predominantly Latino, and one predominantly white neighborhood, and researchers have completed in‐depth interviews and self‐reports with each subject. This article focuses on the narratives that youth living in high‐crime neighborhoods build around their contact with police and the strategies the young people propose for crime reduction in their communities. The data illustrate that most youth in each neighborhood are negatively disposed toward police and that this is grounded in the lived experience of negative encounters with law enforcement. However, when youth expounded on what they thought would reduce crime, they overwhelmingly chose increased and tougher law enforcement. We analyze these findings to determine whether support exists for a subcultural approach or a cultural attenuation/procedural justice argument, and we explore the implications of our findings for community‐based crime control.     

论当代青少年社会竞争力

正确认识和参与日趋激烈的社会竞争 ,是当代青年在谋求生存发展时面临的重要人生课题 ,本文对当代青年社会竞争力的特征、构成要素及培养途径和方式等问题进行了探讨     

论非公有制经济组织中的共青团和青年工作

研究非公有制经济组织中的共青团和青年工作,对推进非公制经济组织健康发展,指导新形势下的共青团和青年工作有十分重要的作用。只有分析了解了非公有制经济组织中共青团和青年工作的特点、存在的问题,才能从政策、管理体制、运行机制、资源整合等四个方面找到非公有制经济组织中共青团和青年工作的有效途径。     

PROTECTING YOUTH PLACED IN UNLICENSED,UNREGULATED RESIDENTIAL “TREATMENT” FACILITIES

Throughout the country, there is considerable inconsistency in how states regulate residential treatment programs for youth. In states with little oversight, the health and safety of youth are unprotected and they may be subject to substandard treatment, rights violations, and/or abuse. Three initiatives to address this issue are reported: (1) an Internet survey of youth who are former residents, (2) a four‐state pilot study of how states regulate and monitor residential programs, and (3) a bridge‐building conference between residential treatment providers and mental health leaders. Recommendations address the next steps for lawmakers, lawyers, judges, mental health and education professionals, and parents.     

HELPING CLIENTS TRANSITION TO INDEPENDENT LIVING

There is growing recognition and concern that too many of the 20,000 foster youth who age out of the child welfare system each year 1 in this country do so without the basic necessities of housing, education, employment, and health care. The purpose of this article is to outline the problems facing foster youth as they leave care and to detail, as a case study, the steps taken by KidsVoice, a Pittsburgh legal services organization representing almost 5,000 dependent children each year, to help youth in foster and substitute care transition more successfully to adulthood and independent living.     

关于青年人力资源开发的思考

青年人力资源开发在当前经济发展中有着重要的意义。青年是开发人力资源的最大群体,目前我国青年劳动力丰富但素质欠缺,就业岗位成为稀缺资源,青年人力资源管理理念与模式亟待更新与整合,为此,必须构建面向现代化的青年人才资源开发体系,建立结构合理的教育体系,以适应新的经济体制。     

青少年心理健康教育中存在的问题及对策

由于我国心理健康教育起步较晚,理论建设和实践探索都还很不够,其中潜在着许多容易让人忽视的问题。解决这些问题,需要抓好思想上重视、认识上对头、专业人员训练有素等方面的工作。