New visual technologies in court: directions for research

Litigation is being transformed by new visual communication technologies, including videoconferencing, PowerPoint, and computer animations. Yet the effects of these visual technologies on legal decision making are largely unknown. In order to understand better the most pressing issues surrounding technology in the courtroom, psychologists, lawyers, and representatives from technology companies and funding agencies attended a Research Conference on Courtroom Technology organized by the Federal Judicial Center. The goals of the conference were to identify issues raised by courtroom uses of new technologies that could be illuminated by empirical research and to suggest designs and methods for conducting that research. This paper emerged from that conference. The authors provide an overview of considerations that should guide research in this area, including a framework that takes into account features of the technology, the audience, and the legal strategy of the user of the technology. They outline a paradigm for conducting such research, illustrate it with several possible empirical studies of varying levels of experimental and conceptual complexity, and identify directions for subsequent research.     

个人主体教育的反思与类主体教育的建构

从个人主体到类主体,是现代社会对人的发展的要求。教育作为人的自我建构的实践活动,也必须由个人主体教育向类主体教育转变。这就是在教育目的上,由个人主义转变为共同体主义;在教育过程中,由主客体间的对象化活动转变为主体间的交往活动;在教育内容上,由片面的分裂的教育内容转变为全面的整合的教育内容。     

简论民族审美文化交流融合的一般性原理

民族审美文化的交流融合既遵循着文化交流的一般规律 ,又由于审美文化的特殊规定性而表现出不同于其他文化形式交流的特点。民族文化的交流融合实际上是自我与对象、本族文化与他族文化间互为条件、相互克服、相互补充的运动过程。在这个过程中 ,审美文化有着特别强劲的延伸力量 ,可以超越民族、语言、文字、宗教、地区、时间的限制而传播 ;通过选择、强制与自觉、变形、渐变渐融、业力不灭等形式实现交流融合。这是审美文化的特殊性 ,又是民族审美文化交汇中的普遍性特征。     

当代女大学生人际关系的现状及改善对策

女大学生的人际关系是一种过渡性和不稳定性的交往关系,呈现出一系列引人注目的特征.从这些特征中可以感受到她们对和谐人际关系的强烈呼唤和对现实人际关系的不理解和不适应,为使当代女大学生健康、全面地发展,必须在如何优化她们的人际关系方面作出努力.     

谈网上会检的实际应用

传统的会检案件的方式是多名文检专业人员按照约定的时间汇聚到约定的地点,以面对面的形式,共同对案件进行检验、商讨并得出最终鉴定意见.该方式因费用高、经费紧张、时间长、人员调度困难等原因,实际操作起来不容易,从而造成实际的会检案件数量很少.这既不利于办案数量和质量的提高,也妨碍了文检技术人员水平的提升.网上会检方式的出现大大扭转了这一局面,也为会检案件开辟了一条方便、快捷、省时和高效的新途径.     

From local to global： Can local journalism be a new approach to environmental awareness？

Turkey＇s media agenda mostly consists of European relations, the Middle East question and Iraq. The rest of this agenda is predominantly economic news. Because of its geographical location, it is difficult for environmental problems to be perceived as leading problems and find places in Turkey＇s national newspapers. The importance of the local media arises in creating awareness about the environmental issues and forming public opinion in order to find solutions. Due to the immediacy component of news, creating public opinion about the environment through local as opposed to national media is considered to be a more effective method. It is purpose of researcher to determine whether this which is seen to be effective theoretically will also have the same effect in practice. In this research, content analysis will be applied to three local newspapers in Turkey. It has seen that the local media reports environmental news, its source are government and city hall. It has given information to form awareness to the environmental issues.     

秘密通信自由下的通信监听

秘密通信自由是公民的基本权利,通信监听必须符合最小限度侵害原则。目前我国通信监听未纳入程序法,也没有专门的通信监听法对通信监听的实施做具体规定。必须以寻求惩罚犯罪和保障人权两大价值目标的调和为指导思想,在借鉴国外有关通信监听的立法通则、结合我国国情的基础上,对我国现行的监听制度进行完善,以有效防止通信监听被滥用。     

试论语言和货币的符号性

语言符号和货币符号虽然分属于语言学和经济学的两个基本范畴,却又都是适应人类社会交际的需要而产生的,彼此之间有着紧密的联系。同为符号,它们既具有规约性,又具有抽象性和价值的两重性等特征。但是,语言和货币毕竟是两种不同的符号形式,在量与质的方面都存在着差异性。     

What is the impact of bilingual communication to mobilize Latinos? Exploratory evidence from experiments in New Jersey,North Carolina,and Virginia

Should materials aimed at increasing Latino voter turnout be in English or bilingual? Credible, theoretical arguments can be made both ways: bilingual materials may be more effective if signaling cultural awareness or less effective if seen as pandering. We tested these competing hypotheses with two rounds of randomized field experiments in New Jersey and Virginia in 2015, and North Carolina in 2016. While some GOTV experiments have used bilingual mailers, previous scholarship has not tested whether bilingual mailers are more effective than English-language materials. In the 2015 elections, both treatments increased turnout, and the monolingual English version was more effective at increasing turnout than the bilingual version. These results are replicated in the high salience 2016 election in North Carolina. These results indicate that further research is needed about bilingual communication across political and demographic contexts and about how household composition may condition the effects of bilingual communication.     

Undermining,defusing or defending European integration? Assessing public communication of European executives in times of EU politicisation

How do mainstream political executives cue their politicised constituencies on European integration? Moving beyond static expectations that EU politicisation induces executives to either undermine, defuse or defend integration, this article theorises executives’ incentives under different configurations of public and partisan Euroscepticism in their home countries. Expectations are tested on the sentiment and complexity that executives attach to European integration in almost 9,000 public speeches delivered throughout the Euro Crisis. It is found that national leaders faced with sceptical public opinion and low levels of partisan Euroscepticism rhetorically undermine integration, whereas European Commissioners faced with similar conditions are prone to defend it. These responses intensify disproportionally with growing public Euroscepticism, but are moderated by Eurosceptic party strength in surprising ways. When such challenger parties come closer to absorbing the Eurosceptic potential in public opinion, executive communication turns more positive again but also involves less clear rhetorical signals. These findings move beyond existing uniform expectations on mainstream responses to Eurosceptic challenges and highlight the relevance of different domestic configurations of EU politicisation.