Is There an Emerging Age Gap in US Politics?

There is evidence of a realignment among voters entering the electorate in recent years, with younger voters deviating from older voters in their ideological and partisan preferences. Younger voters today tend to be more liberal and more supportive of Democratic candidates than other age groups. Younger Americans are generally favor a more activist government, as demonstrated by their views on equality, the role of government, health care, and spending for public schools and child care. The leftward movement of younger Americans ideologically is also the result of the increasing political emphasis on cultural issues. Younger Americans as a group are less religious and less conservative on social issues than other age cohorts. They put less emphasis on traditional values and are more tolerant than other age groups on social issues such as gay rights. Older voters, on the other hand, tend to be more conservative on policy issues and less supportive of Democrats than they used to be. At the state level, the partisan polarization in the United States is even greater among younger Americans than it is for the nation as a whole. This suggests that if younger Americans follow other generations in keeping the same partisan voting patterns throughout their life, the blue states will become bluer and the red states redder.

美国的伊拉克困局及伊拉克战争的遗产

2003年,美国发动伊拉克战争,虽然美国赢得了最初的军事上的胜利,但是四年过去了,布什政府在伊拉克问题上陷入一种"撤不得、留不得、打不赢"的尴尬境地。美国之所以在伊拉克陷入困境,主要是由于布什政府在国家安全战略和对伊拉克占领政策的制定、执行方面出现了偏差。为了应付国内和国际社会的双层压力,在过去几年中,布什政府不得不不断调整其对伊拉克和中东地区的政策,改组其外交决策团队,排除新保守主义分子,逐渐向现实主义回归,但却始终未能稳定伊拉克的局势。伊拉克战争已经并将继续对美国、中东格局和世界格局产生深远的影响。     

美国的宪法制度与其法律文化渊源

美国宪法秉承了人类文明中许多重要的价值理念,这是值得充分肯定的;但它同时也受到西方文化的某些偏执性和局限性的影响,因而欠缺了对宪法的现代性因素的发掘力和整合力。宪法的现代性因素是构建现代民族国家政治文明以及国际和谐的基石。     

Compromising coalitions and duplicitous diplomacy: US support for Tajikistan after 9/11 and its security implications

This article investigates the development of democracy in Tajikistan and analyzes what has earned it the most international acclaim: its secular-Islamic governing coalition. The investigation reveals a compromised and illegitimate coalition that, with American collusion in local regime repression, poses great dangers to international security. The article argues that government repression, leading to increasing radicalization, combines with foreign aid to damage long-term democracy potential in Tajikistan but also works against global security interests by creating doubt about American intentions and possibly allowing a concomitant rise in Islamic radicalism.     

互动:操纵的传媒与传媒的操纵——浅析新闻传媒与美国政治之间的相互影响

在美国,新闻作为一种特殊的政治力量,在一定程度上改变着政治结构,而政治又在某种程度上影响着新闻的形成.这使得新闻传媒自觉或不自觉地成为一种被操纵的工具;而传媒也反过来影响政治及统治者本身.政治与传媒的互动形成“你中有我、我中有你”的动态平衡,从而使传媒政治化、政治社会化.     

中美警察治安调解比较研究

治安调解是我国主要的基层公安工作之一,具有明显的中国警务特色。在美国,随着社区警务运动的兴起,对治安问题进行调解也正扩展为警察的新职能。比较研究中美警察治安调解发展过程中的特点,有利于借鉴西方国家的成功经验,进一步发挥调解对维护社会治安起到的优势作用,探索建立适合中国国情的治安调解体制,促进中国和谐社会的建设。     

Toxic waste and public procurement: The defense sector as a disproportionate contributor to pollution from public–private partnerships

Public procurement is a large sector of the economy with most procurement going to the defense sector. Procurement by the defense sector includes purchases made through contracts to private businesses that manufacture durable goods. Manufacturing of these goods results in pollution production with toxic wastes being among the most dangerous pollutants for public health. Despite green purchasing policy goals, most transactions in the United States through defense contracts result in disproportionately high-toxic pollution releases by manufacturers. We find that persistent exemptions granted defense agencies from following green purchasing policy result in a landscape where contractor environmental performance is unchanging with defense contractors persistently polluting in high amounts. Further, we find that defense contractors are linked to most toxic releases from procurement meaning that exemptions may be hindering potential advancements from green purchasing policy. Results can inform the design of new guidance about procurement and expand understanding of environmental inequality.     

Representation and district magnitude in plurality systems

Despite the widely accepted theoretical prediction that high district magnitudes should yield less proportional results in plurality systems, empirical evidence is surprisingly mixed. We argue that these mixed results are ultimately due to a lack of clarity about the counterfactual being considered. We use a simple model to show that an increase in district magnitude reduces expected proportionality in a plurality system only if it is accompanied by a reduction in the number of districts. This conditional prediction helps to explain the diversity of existing findings and is consistent with our own analysis of both U.S. congressional delegations and local councils in Britain.     

对美军士气理论的解读

美军士气理论是美军士气培育和运用的思想基础.深入解读这一理论的基本内涵、主要特点及其对美军士气建设的影响,有助于全面认识和把握美军士气的历史、现状和未来.