Assessing problematic research: How can academic researchers help improve the quality of anti-crime program evaluations?

In this essay I examine some of the problems that prompted the National Research Council (NRC) report and consider how academic researchers might help resolve them. Many of the problems were found to be associated with research designed to assess program effects on child victimization and violence against women, areas in which research participation by subjects is particularly burdensome and difficult to obtain. Yet, program evaluations often assume that the process of subject participation is well understood and that outcome measures are reliable and valid across all subjects. A multidisciplinary, comprehensive and systematic review of victimization programs and past research is needed to advance the rigor of future evaluations. However, academics should not insist that all victim service programs warrant program evaluation as a condition of continued public support, because the decision to retain a program inevitably involves more than a scientific estimate of its effect.

孔子"思无邪"思想对中国古代诗论和文学创作的影响

孔子“思无邪”的诗论思想对中国古代的诗论和文学创作产生了深远的影响。“思无邪”大致是指纯正和中和的思想 ,它主要限制文学中叙男女之情和抒社会怨愤这两方面的内容。     

台湾妇女参政的现状及原因剖析

近年来,女性参政已成为台湾各界关注的热点,也是台湾妇女运动的核心议题。本文分析了台湾妇女参政的历程及现状,剖析了影响台湾妇女参政的原因。     

“南玲北梅”：梅娘与张爱玲小说比较论

上个世纪40年代坛上的“南玲北梅”之说,指的是同在沦陷区的女作家：华北的梅娘与上海的张爱玲。将两位进行比较,可以发现她们的作品同样热切关注都市人的生存状态,创作焦点对准敏感的两性关系。在艺术风格与审美形态迥异的背后,蕴藏着相似的基本思想：对传统的背离与不屑一顾,以独特的女性视角审视着属于人类的恒久的“爱”--男女之爱、母爱及普泛的人类之爱。     

State Support in the Market: Women and Tourism Employment in Post-Socialist Bulgaria

In many former Eastern Bloc countries, economic transition has been responsible for drastic declines the social and economic well-being for both men and women. In general, however, women have tended to experience relatively greater losses since 1989. Through a detailed case study of women's employment in the tourism sector of post-Communist Bulgaria, this chapter will argue that state support for certain economic sectors can help improve the relative economic welfare of women. Using both qualitative and quantitative data, this study finds that state support for viable economic sectors with relatively high wages that employ a critical mass of women can help to ease the difficult transition from centrally-planned to free-market economies.     

在创新教育中实现女子高等教育的个性化

女子高等院校面对日益激烈的竞争形势 ,要全面推进素质教育 ,在实现培养创新人才教育总体要求中发展个性教育 ,形成办学特色 ,这是女子高等院校生存和发展的必由之路。     

由家国本位到个体本位 由义务本位到权利本位——论晚清至五四知识界女子教育观念之演进

近现代女子教育思潮的发展经历了三个阶段:具有浓厚封建色彩的"新式贤妻良母主义"阶段;服从于革命需要的"女国民"的训练阶段;"人的解放"前提下的"自由独立之女子"的培养阶段.这三个阶段显现出近现代之交女子教育观念从家国本位向女性个体本位演进的历史轨迹.     

试探如何在妇女中倡导绿色生活与可持续性消费方式

妇女作为一支重要的环保力量,正日益受到社会的关注.在妇女中倡导绿色生活与可持续性消费方式,建立有利于妇女参与环保的可行性操作机制,应做到以下3点:充分认识妇女参与环保的特殊优势与不可替代的作用;加强环保宣传教育,以激发妇女参与环保的热情;成立妇女参与环境保护的管理体系,为妇女参与环保创造良好的外部条件.     

Advocacy for battered women: A national survey

The literature defining advocacy for battered women is almost nonexistent and there is no systematic research on its parameters. This article reports the results of a national survey of 379 advocacy services in the United States. Findings on organizational context, definitions of advocacy, client issues and concerns, advocate activities, and advocate interactions with other social systems are presented. Possible explanations of an apparent emphasis on individual over system change are discussed.     

Correlates of depressive symptoms among battered women

It is important to examine the concomitants of depressive symptoms reported by battered women because of the high frequency and potentially vulnerability-enhancing effects of these symptoms within battering relationships. In the present study, 10 environmental and behavioral skills correlates of depressive symptoms were examined in 136 battered women. The results of the Simultaneous Multiple Regression suggested that 46% of the variance in depression scores could be accounted for by scores on measures of these 10 variables. Four variables were found to be uniquely and significantly associated with depressive symptoms: self-reinforcement, realistic assessment, number of losses, and a history of depression. These results suggest that battered women who realistically assess their battering relationship and who report poor self-reinforcement skills, losses, and histories of depression may be at particular risk for depression.