欧美宪法社会学比较透视

宪法社会学是关于宪法的社会学研究,是宪法学与社会学交叉融合的产物,旨在发现人类政治生活中的真实规则。在欧洲和北美,宪法社会学已经形成了多元化的学术传统。其中,德国的宪法社会学侧重于从政治与历史的角度切入,偏好史论结合,思辨色彩浓厚。法国的宪法社会学具有客观的、旁观者的叙事风格。英国的宪法社会学打上了判例法或不成文宪法的痕迹,致力于素描一部活生生的宪法,仿佛人类学家的调查报告。美国虽然承袭了英国的判例法制度,但美国的宪法社会学透出强烈的现实主义意味,宪法背后的经济关系、利益格局得到了凸显。梳理欧美宪法社会学的学术传统,比较欧美各国宪法社会学的不同旨趣,有助于为当代中国宪法社会学的稳步发展提供理论与方法论上的启示。     

Not just welfare over justice: Ethics in forensic consultation

The ethics of forensic professionalism is often couched in terms of competing individual and societal values. Indeed, the welfare of individuals is often secondary to the requirements of society, especially given the public nature of courts of law, forensic hospitals, jails, and prisons. We explore the weaknesses of this dichotomous approach to forensic ethics, offering an analysis of Psychology's historical narrative especially relevant to the national security and correctional settings. We contend that a richer, more robust ethical analysis is available if practitioners consider the multiple perspectives in the forensic encounter, and acknowledge the multiple influences of personal, professional, and social values. The setting, context, or role is not sufficient to determine the ethics of forensic practice.     

涉警网络舆情中网民心理分析及疏导对策研究

网民心理包括网民个体心理和群体心理。网民个体心理贯穿涉警网络舆情整个周期,包括首因、追求本我、自我实现、猎奇的心理;从众、宣泄、仇警、同情弱者、伸张正义心理在网民群体心理中占据主导地位。通过实例分析网民的不同心理,提出疏导对策,可以帮助公安机关了解网民心理,正确加以引导,掌握舆论动态,合理有效地处置涉警舆情事件。     

行政决策公众参与制度研究

行政决策公众参与制度在保障行政决策的科学性和正当性方面发挥着重要作用,对于科学执政民主执政存在着巨大价值。中外立法根据经验及实践制定了多种公众参与的形式和类型。然而在实践中,行政决策公众参与并没有得到充分有效的实施。针对这一问题,应当根据行政决策的不同类型采用不同形式的公众参与制度,以提高行政决策公众参与的有效性。     

调查研究对马克思主义大众化的重大意义——基于毛泽东中央苏区调查研究实践的启示

中央苏区时期,毛泽东在全党倡导和推行调查研究,并在中央苏区作了大量的调查,把调查研究作为推进马克思主义大众化的一个重要方法,这对于新时期推进马克思主义大众化具有重要启示。通过调查研究了解社情民意是马克思主义大众化的基础环节;在调查研究基础上作出正确决策是马克思主义大众化的必然要求;在调查研究中贯彻群众路线是马克思主义大众化的重要法宝;通过调查研究改进党风是马克思主义大众化的必然之选。     

Protective Factors Against the Impact of School Bullying Perpetration and Victimization on Young Adult Externalizing and Internalizing Problems

School-based bullying perpetration and victimization is common worldwide and has profound impacts on student behavior and mental health. However, few studies have examined young adult outcomes of bullying perpetration or victimization. Research on factors that protect students who have bullied or been bullied is also lacking. This study examined young adult externalizing and internalizing problems (age 18–19 years) and adolescent protective factors related to self-reported bullying perpetration and victimization among over 650 Victorians ages 16–17 years. Opportunities for prosocial involvement in the family lessened subsequent involvement in nonviolent antisocial behavior, as an outcome of prior bullying. High academic performance and having strategies to cope with stress reduced young adult depressive symptoms for participants who had been victims of bullying. The implications for bullying prevention and early intervention programs are discussed.     

We're All in This Together: Moving Toward an Interdisciplinary Model of Practice Between Child Protection and Substance Abuse Treatment Professionals

Many studies have documented the deleterious effect of substance abuse on the child protection system. The lack of collaboration between child protection and substance abuse treatment professionals has been identified as a contributing factor related to poor outcomes among parents with histories of addiction. The purpose of this study was to identify key components and conflicts of interdisciplinary practice between 21 child protection and substance abuse treatment professionals. The interdisciplinary components and conflicts were: having a shared vision, presenting as a unified team, having different goals, taking sides, and limited information sharing and involvement. Moving toward an interdisciplinary model of practice is vital to providing families with histories of addiction with the optimal chance for success.     

抑郁症心理治疗新进展

抑郁症的治疗一直以来具有多元化的特点,目前的发展趋势是药物治疗合并心理治疗。就心理治疗而言,治疗方法在不断改革创新。国内以内观、意向对话为代表。国外的研究一方面在澄清各种心理治疗之间不同的治疗作用,同时也在积极地将心理学后现代的理论成果运用于抑郁症的治疗,比如积极心理学、自体心理学。今后的理论研究与实践,一方面要注重总结经验,在现有的成果上进行整合性的创新;另一方面在实践中要区分不同年龄,性格以致文化背景的患者应用何种治疗方法,使抑郁症治疗更具有针对性。     

组织支持感、学习价值观对公务员廉政教育学习投入的影响

在我国,针对公务员开展的廉政教育是党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争的重要组成部分。借鉴组织支持理论和学习投入理论,探讨组织支持感、学习价值观对公务员廉政教育学习投入的影响,提出以学习价值观为中介变量的理论模型。通过对244位公务员问卷调查的数据进行层次回归分析和中介效应检验,实证了公务员的组织支持感对其参与廉政教育的学习投入有着显著正向影响,并且学习价值观在它们之间起部分中介作用。因此,组织支持理论与学习投入理论适用于公务员廉政教育情境。在开展廉政教育实践过程中,既要注意提高公务员的组织支持感,也要注重干预和调节其学习价值观。     

论犯罪心理痕迹在侦查中的利用

犯罪心理痕迹是指犯罪嫌疑人在其犯罪心理的支配下,实施犯罪行为活动所遗留下来的客观迹象。在侦查中,有效地利用犯罪心理痕迹已成为分析其犯罪动机、犯罪目的及抓住犯罪嫌疑人心理特点的有利途径。但在实践中,我们仍需注意进一步研究犯罪心理痕迹在侦查利用中存在的问题和原因,提高侦查中的利用能力。