Rural Mobilisation and Agrarian Political Economy in Argentina, 2001–2020

In this article, we reconstruct the mobilisations of rural actors both from ‘below’ and from ‘above’ and their connections to Argentina's agrarian political economy between 2001 and 2020. We divide the analysis into three periods and review key protest events and the actions of movements and organisations, paying special attention to two dimensions. First, we consider how rural movements and organisations engaged with institutional politics and the state. Second, we analyse the collective identifications and claims at the basis of coalitions forged within and beyond the rural sector.     

Saving the Union: Conservatives and the 'Celtic Fringe'

The creation of devolved institutions in Scotland and Wales has forced the Conservative party to rethink its Unionism. At Westminster, the Conservatives have highlighted the anomalies of the devolution settlement and pressed for a rebalancing of the constitution. With the re-emergence of the West Lothian question in 2003, the Conservatives revived William Hague's proposal for 'English votes for English laws'. Fresh thinking on devolution is evident in the Scottish and Welsh Conservatives but they remain in the electoral doldrums. The Conservatives have taken tentative steps towards a 'new Unionism', but there are tensions between the focus on the 'English question' at Westminster and the efforts of Conservatives in Scotland and Wales to convince voters that they represent the interests of both the Union and their respective nations.     

"知识引进运动"的终结——四评邓正来教授的《中国法学向何处去》

晚清以还,中国社会秩序开始发生巨大变化,与之相应,中国知识界在正当化社会秩序的过程中,开始大规模地引进西方社会科学知识,这一运动至今已逾百年.通过对百年来中国知识界引进西方社会科学知识的内在逻辑进行分析,认为,从总体上看,中国知识界对西方社会科学知识的引进可以梳理出三个阶段,分别用梁启超、李泽厚、邓正来加以代表.百年来的知识引进运动,其内在逻辑是中国知识分子从盲目崇洋到主体突显的过程,因此在根本上也就是一个知识引进运动终结的过程.     

Law and Disorder: The Brazilian Landless Farmworkers' Movement

Abstract — The Brazilian Landless Farmworkers' Movement (MST) occupies idle farmland and demands that it be expropriated under the terms of Brazil's agrarian reform law. The MST uses illegal tactics in the field to force the government's hand and at the same time asserts its legitimacy with legalism and invocation of public sentiment in favor of land reform. It confronts repression promoted by the landowning class and increasingly from the state itself. Through the combination of militant and legal tactics it has won expropriation of many farms and turned them into successful agricultural enterprises.     

全面小康建设与大众传媒发展

中国改革开放二十多年 ,大众传媒为国家发展、社会现代化做出了重要贡献。在全面小康社会的建设中 ,它被赋予更加艰巨的任务 ,也面临着全新挑战。新的问题既阻碍着大众传媒优化效应的实现 ,也影响着全面小康的建设。从大众传媒与全面小康的互动关系入手 ,及时妥善地解决这一问题 ,才能获得同依共存、共同发展的双赢格局     

Kant and the critique of the ethics-first approach to politics

Abstract

Contemporary ‘realists’ attack the Kantian influence on political philosophy. A main charge is that Kantians fail to understand the specificity of politics and neglect to develop a ‘distinctively political thought’ that differs from moral philosophy. Instead, the critics say, Kantians are guilty of an ‘ethics-first approach to politics,’ in which political theory is a mere application of moral principles. But what does this ethics-first approach have to do with Kant himself? Very little. This article shows how Kant’s approach to political theory at a fundamental level includes political institutions, power, and coercion as well as disagreement, security, and coordination problems. In contrast to realists, Kant has a fundamental principle, which can explain why and guide how we ought to approach the political question, namely the norm of equal freedom. Yet, Kant’s theory does not take the form of a moralistic ought addressed to the isolated individual, but concerns a problem that we share as interdependent beings and that requires common institutions. The fruitfulness of the Kantian approach, then, is that it can take the political question seriously without being uncritical of actual politics and power, and that it can be normative without being moralistic.     

Race,immigration and the agrarian question: farmworkers becoming farmers in the United States*

As White farmers in the United States retire en masse, the racial and ethnic demographics of US farming are shifting to now include a significant number of Latino farm owner-operators. Yet this population of new farmers, contributing specific technical expertise and knowledge, is not represented in current discussions concerning agrarian transitions. This paper draws on interview-based research conducted in the states of California, Maryland, New York, Minnesota and Washington, with first-generation Latino immigrant farmworkers who have transitioned to farm ownership. The majority are practicing small-scale and diverse crop production, with limited synthetic inputs and mostly family labor, as this form of farming allows them to reclaim control over their own labor and livelihoods, while also earning a cash income. The farmers included in this study, and their rationale for farming despite race- and citizenship-based challenges, cannot be understood simply through a lens of class transition. This contribution provides evidence that Latino immigrants’ ascendancy to farm ownership is instead a result of their struggle to redefine their relationship to land and labor in a country where their race and citizenship status have relegated them to the working poor.     

浅谈英语词汇测试的设计

词汇测试是语言测试的重要组成部分。要设计好英语词汇测试,应主要解决好两个问题,一是选择哪些词汇为代表;二是题目的设计形式。     

党的历史方位涉及的三个基本问题

党的历史方位涉及到三个基本问题。本文在重点探讨第二个问题的同时,简略地回答了其他两个问题,并对党的历史方位涉及到的三个基本问题之间的决定关系作简要的阐述。     

我国网络监察工作现状及发展探析

近年来,随着互联网技术的不断发展,人们依赖互联网的程度不断加深,互联网安全也越来越受到人们的重视。现阶段,网络犯罪案件调查和网络监察工作由公安机关公共信息和网络监察部门来负责,但由于我国网络监察工作起步较晚,立法不健全等原因,造成了许多网络违法犯罪案件无法立案或立案后打击力度不够等问题出现。笔者通过我国互联网发展现状及网络违法犯罪出现的形式入手,阐述了网络监察工作任务,揭示出现阶段网络监察工作存在的问题,提出了网监工作今后发展趋势。