抗战时期陪都新闻教育钩沉

抗战时期,重庆新闻学教育处在当时国内的中心地位,并且,在完全西方新闻教育模式的基础上逐渐形成了我国新闻教育的传统模式,呈现出本土化的特点,研究当时的新闻教育思想、师资配置、课程设置,学生的学术研究、校内实践、新闻实习等方面的内容,对我们当代新闻学教育仍旧有十分重要的意义。     

国统区妇女界抗日救亡统一战线的形成及其特点

抗日战争前期,国统区各党各派和各界各地广大妇女空前团结,建立了由中国共产党倡导的以国共合作为基础的妇女界抗日救亡统一战线,创造了民族解放史和妇女解放史上的奇观。     

知识产权国际造法新趋势

在 TRIPs 协议产生后十余年的时间里,知识产权国际造法活动明显加快。在WTO 体制之外,不少国际组织、机构和论坛围绕着如何处理保护知识产权与维护生物多样性、合理开发植物基因资源、促进公共健康、维护人权之间的关系等问题,对 TRIPs 协议所确立的一系列高标准的知识产权规则提出了批判,探讨和制订了一系列软法性质的、倡导人权和维护社会公共利益的知识产权新规则。这些活动打破了 WTO 和 WIPO 在国际法层面上对知识产权立法权的垄断,反映了国际社会对知识产权私权利之外的人权、公共健康等社会权益的日益重视,势必对未来知识产权国际立法和国内立法产生深远影响。     

抗日民族统一战线对中国政党制度的影响

抗日民族统一战线是中国人民的伟大创造,对中国历史产生了深远的影响,从中国政党制度的形成和建立的过程和条件来看,抗日民族统一战线对其亦有重大贡献。中国政党制度在当代中国语境下就是指中国共产党领导的多党合作与政治协商制度作,其主要架构和原则就是中国共产党的领导和多党合作,而党的领导地位的确立、多党合作的政党制度理念的萌芽、作为中国政党制度雏形的"三三制"实践,都受到抗日民族统一战线的重要影响。     

Highway Robbery: Testing the Impact of Interstate Highways on Robbery

Research has shown that the occurrence of crime is based on multiple factors including a variety of geographical characteristics. Previous researchers have suggested that the environmental feature of the interstate system has an influence on crime. For this study, we test for a relationship between interstate presence and robbery at the county-level in Georgia. Additionally, we test whether or not urban/rural differences affect this relationship. Findings are consistent with previous research showing that the number of interstate exits in a county significantly increases crime; in this case the robbery rate.     

Students’ foundational understanding of chemical reaction in the forensic science bachelor’s degree program at the National Autonomous University of Mexico

ObjectiveTo compare the understanding of the concept of chemical reaction—as operationalized by Bloom’s taxonomy of cognitive levels—of students in forensic science bachelor’s degree with that achieved by students majoring in chemistry, as a prerequisite for future professional collaboration and communication.Materials and methodsUsing previously validated and published tests developed to assess students’ knowledge, comprehension, and application of the concept of chemical reaction, we explored how conceptual understanding developed in students enrolled in (a) a forensic science degree program in a Mexican public university and in (b) chemistry undergraduate programs offered by the same university, and whether both groups achieved comparable attainment levels.Findings and implicationsDespite receiving considerably less chemical instruction, forensic science students achieved comparable levels of conceptual understanding of chemical reaction to those exhibited by chemistry students. This finding is encouraging because it might mean that future forensic scientists could graduate with a solid foundation of chemical knowledge. More research, particularly on the learning of other key concepts, will be needed to verify these initial findings.     

Women’s Participation in Communal Activities in Rural Bangladesh

This article seeks to examine the extent of women’s participation in communal activities in rural Bangladesh, based on an analysis of a development programme, namely REFLECT (Regenerated Freirean Literacy through Empowering Community Techniques). This article evaluates the REFLECT programme with regard to its stated goal of enhancing female participation in local community affairs. Using Michael Mann’s classification of sources of power, the study emphasises the importance of participation as a contribution to political as well as ideological power in the community of Monsurabad Island in rural Bangladesh. To that end, this article aims at analysing women’s participation in community decision-making processes through voting behaviour, traditional village court (Salish) involvement and other civic activities. This study also reviews the views of village elders (matabars) on women’s participation at the communal level and the resulting empowerment. Based on the views of participant women themselves, the study concludes that the implementation of the REFLECT project in the local community under investigation has indeed resulted in empowering women, but this effect remains confined to their families and the handling of women’s issues. As the effect of the REFLECT project has not reached out to the realm of community politics, its impact on women’s participation in the community has been limited. This study argues that without any change in the existing social fabric of Monsurabad, women’s ideological power in that community could not be transformed into political power in accordance with Michael Mann’s theory.     

The role of leisure activities and social attitudes in the mass media consumption of a sample of South African adults: A psychographic approach

Abstract

This study, the second in a two-article series, explores the interplay between attitudes, behaviour and media consumption in a sample of South African adults. Participants aged 16 years and older were drawn from a subsample of data collected during the 2007A South African Advertising Research Foundation (SAARF) All Media and Products Survey (AMPS®). Utilising statistical comparison of psychographic typologies, this study confirmed the existence of significant, albeit weak, relationships between mass media consumption, social attitudes and leisure interests/activities in this sample. Analyses of demographic variables revealed further significant relationships between mass media consumption and home language, work status, the SAARF Lifestages and the SAARF Universal Living Standards Measure (SU-LSM®). The findings are discussed in relation to available empirical literature and the need for advancement of the media psychology sub-discipline in South Africa.     

The Effects of Dog-Training Programs: Experiences of Incarcerated Females

Dog-training programs (DTPs) in prisons have grown increasingly popular throughout the United States, but very little is known about their effects on both prisons and their participants. Furthermore, with increasing rates of female imprisonment, the demand for programs that address the needs of female offenders is high. Using interview data from female offenders, program coordinators, and prison staff (N = 27), this study examined the effect of DTPs on how female offenders experience prison. The present study found that DTP participation alleviated the pains of imprisonment that women offenders face, including problems in psychological and emotional health, motherhood, transferable skills, security, trust, and serving time. An assessment of which female offenders appear to benefit the most is outlined, and the broader implications of these findings are discussed.     

“冤案”与司法活动——从卡夫卡《审判》看

冤案研究应从日常司法的关于是否存在冤案的对立认识入手,而非公认冤案。而发生对立认识时,基于角色担当和功能作用的理由,应主要支持司法活动。社会公众及个人,在冤案对立认识及日常活动中,也有自己的行动责任。卡夫卡《审判》是展开这些探讨的极佳素材。