Organized Activity Participation and Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms: Reciprocal Relations during Adolescence

The aim of this prospective study was to examine the relations between organized activity involvement and internalizing and externalizing symptoms across four years of high school. Participants were 240 adolescents who varied in their risk for psychopathology. Information about adolescents’ activity involvement and internalizing and externalizing symptoms were provided by both self- and mother-reports. Structural equation modeling revealed that the prospective models fit the data well. In addition to showing that activity involvement and psychopathology were quite stable over the high school years, we found reciprocal effects for activity involvement and internalizing symptoms at some, although not all, time points. Specifically, controlling for prior symptoms and risk (i.e., maternal depression history), more activity involvement in tenth grade predicted fewer internalizing symptoms in eleventh grade, which then predicted more activity involvement in twelfth grade. No reciprocal relations were found for externalizing problems. These findings highlight the importance of examining internalizing symptoms as both a predictor and outcome of activity involvement during adolescence.

科研经费制度的法理反思:规范基础与信任关系

探索以信任为前提的科研管理机制,需要回到科研经费制度中进行法理反思,挖掘科研信任关系的本质,进而以此作为科研管理机制建构的理论基础和指引。科研经费制度的规范基础包括正当性理由、实质性理由、必要性理由和否定性理由,与科研工作的创造性活动本质共同规定了科研契约关系的特性。信任是科研契约关系的必要组成部分,在信任结构与熟悉、安心结构的辨析中,专家系统与法律约束有着重要意义。科研管理机制的建构,需要从正反两个方面完成科研信任关系的建立与维系。     

我国非合理性三公消费产生的原因及治理对策

三公消费问题由来已久,并随着我国社会转型和经济发展越来越凸显。特别是近几年,非合理性三公消费增长迅速且花样百出,以致成为久治不愈、广受诟病的"顽症"。究其原因,主要涉及个人思想与认识问题,也包括我国现有预算、监督、问责和法律法规等体制与机制的缺失与不足等。治理三公消费问题,须构建合理的三公消费价值观,重视职业伦理教育,强化财政预算约束,加强社会监督,通过法律法规加大问责力度。     

邪教违法犯罪活动的趋势及处置对策

在我国政府打击取缔的高压态势下,邪教的违法犯罪活动得到了有效遏制,但其违法犯罪活动具有顽固性和长期性的特点。传统与现代相结合、城市与乡村相结合、境内与境外相结合、公开与秘密相结合是邪教违法犯罪活动的基本方式与趋势。必须建立健全情报信息汇总研判分析机制,提高预警能力;坚决依法取缔和摧毁邪教组织体系及地下活动网络;深入开展侦察控制工作;加强反邪教的社会管理综合治理工作,维护社会和谐稳定。     

群众路线教育实践活动总要求的内涵解读

党的群众路线教育实践活动明确提出"照镜子、正衣冠、洗洗澡、治治病"的总要求,概括起来就是要自我净化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高。坚持把"照镜子、正衣冠、洗洗澡、治治病"总要求,贯穿落实到党的群众路线教育实践活动的全过程,就是要使广大党员干部尤其是领导干部,在宗旨意识、工作作风、廉洁自律上找出差距、修身正我;按照为民、务实、清廉的要求,自觉把党性修养正一正、把党员义务理一理、把党纪国法紧一紧,保持共产党人的良好形象;以整风精神开展批评与自我批评,清洗思想和行为上的灰尘,保持共产党人政治本色;坚持惩前毖后、治病救人方针,区别情况、对症下药,切实体现从严治党要求,确保教育实践活动沿着正确轨道健康深入推进。     

Strategic campaigning, closeness, and voter mobilization in U.S. Presidential elections

The scholarly literature on voter mobilization is ambivalent regarding the effects of closeness on turnout. Economic analyses of turnout (i.e. the classic calculus of voting) contend that as elections become closer, voters perceive their participation as more valuable because there is a greater chance that they will cast the deciding vote. Other work argues that voters do not take closeness into account because the probability that their vote uniquely changes the outcome of an election is quite small even in close elections. Still, this second perspective maintains that closeness may increase turnout because elites distribute campaign resources to places where election results could be affected by mobilizing additional supporters. While the latter perspective is theoretically well-developed, empirical support for the notion that elite activity (rather than citizen perceptions) connects closeness and turnout is limited. Using improved measures of closeness and campaign activities, we test for citizen perception and elite mobilization effects on turnout in the context of U.S. Presidential elections. Results show that while closeness has no direct effect on turnout, elites indeed target campaign activities on close states and the asymmetric distribution of resources across states results in higher turnout in battleground states.     

论百团大战的历史意义

百团大战是抗日战争敌后战场的八路军在华北发动的一次具有战略性质的进攻战役。这次大战具有重大的军事政治作用和深远的历史意义。但是由于历史原因,对它的功过是非争论,却经历了四个阶段的曲折发展过程。     

大型群体性活动中易导致踩踏事件发生的因素分析

随着我国经济的繁荣和国力的强盛,国内政治、经济、文化、体育、宗教、节庆等方面的大型群体性活动越来越多,且规模与影响也越来越大。大型群体性活动中一旦发生突发事件,不仅会导致重大的经济损失和人员伤亡,而且还会产生一些严重的政治影响。而踩踏事件不仅是大型群体性活动中诸多突发性事件里最难以预防的,还是处理起来最为棘手的。因此,摸清大型群体性活动中易导致发生踩踏事件的危险因素,使安保工作做到防惠于未然就显得非常必要。     

警察院校内部熟人盗窃问题的被害性分析

过去人们常常认为盗窃只会发生在陌生人之间,殊不知熟人之间的盗窃在现实生活中亦很多见,甚至在培养预备警官的警察院校内部频频出现盗窃问题。迹象表明:极有可能是内部学生作案,它会严重影响学校的形象及学生间的信任度。熟人关系影响我们对事物的判断,被害易感性降低,在特定环境作用下,极易成为合适的被害目标。通过对警察院校发生的盗窃案件进行调研,有助于从被害人学的角度出发,探讨警校学生在生活方式和日常活动中表现出的被害性,并基于情境预防的原理提出防范对策。     

新形势下完善我国侦查活动监督的路径研究

刑诉法的修改和刑事侦查制度的变革,使得侦查活动监督面临新的形势。面对侦查活动监督所面临的新情况、新问题,建议强化检察机关侦查监督的主导者地位,实现检察机关对侦查活动的同步实时监督,适度扩大检察机关侦查监督的范围,构建检察机关监督制裁的刚性措施,以及强化检察机关自侦活动的监督力度,同时还应强化对技术侦查、非法证据排除、强制措施监督及律师权益保障等方面侦查监督机制的构建。