公营企业民营化及民营企业在台湾经济发展中的作用

台湾公营企业民营化是为克服公营企业弊端,促进经济发展而实行的一项重要政策。大体分为三个阶段进行:第一阶段为20世纪60年代中期以前,台湾经济的恢复和"起飞"的准备时期;第二阶段为60年代中期以后到70年代中期,台湾经济"起飞"时期;第三阶段为70年代中期以后到90年代,台湾经济发展的新阶段。台湾当局在这三个阶段实行了一系列包括促进公营企业民营化的政策和措施,促进了民营企业、特别是中小企业的迅速发展,使之在台湾经济发展中发挥了重要作用。     

应然视角下过失共同正犯肯定论之提倡

当前过失共同正犯肯定论者与否定论者提出的很多观点值得进一步商榷。事实上,过失共同正犯成立与否的关键问题在于,共同过失是否足以支撑机能行为支配的成立,或者说是否足以促成"将他人之行为等价于自己之行为"的规范评价形成。共同过失的情形下,从本体论视角而言,行为人对某种行为具有共同的认识,并起到强化相互不注意的作用,即行为人之间存在犯意联络的基础事实;从规范论角度而言,价值评价进一步强化了犯意联络这一客观事实,且促使相互归属效果的形成。由此,在应然视角下应肯定过失共同正犯的成立。此外,共同注意义务共同违反说和过失共同正犯说在结论上并没有实质差别,仅存在说理路径的不同。鉴于共同过失的"共动现象",将其认定为共同犯罪并无不妥。     

Collective Action and Citizen Responses to Global Warming

This paper expands the relevance of the collective interest model of mass political action to explain collective-action behavior in the context of global warming and climate change. The analysis is an attempt to answer Ostrom’s call for a behavioral model of collective action that can be generalized beyond political protest to other collective-action problems. We elaborate, specify, and empirically test a collective interest model approach to citizen policy support, environmental political participation, and environmental behavior related to the issue of global warming. Key elements of the collective interest model—perceived risk, personal efficacy, and environmental values—are found to be directly, and positively, related to support of government policies and personal behaviors that affect global warming. We also discuss the links between the collective interest model and other important approaches to political behavior.

收入分配不和谐的政府行为反思

收入分配的不和谐源于政府行为"失控,"形成于政府行为"扭曲"。构建和谐社会,必须依法规范政府行为,不断完善市场经济体制,以法律手段营造公平的竞争环境,建立有效的社会利益输送渠道,实现收入分配和谐。     

Development of the Observation Scale for Aggressive Behavior (OSAB) for Dutch forensic psychiatric inpatients with an antisocial personality disorder

The Observation Scale for Aggressive Behavior (OSAB) has been developed to evaluate inpatient treatment programs designed to reduce aggressive behavior in Dutch forensic psychiatric patients with an antisocial personality disorder, who are "placed at the disposal of the government". The scale should have the sensitivity to measure changes in the possible determinants of aggressive behavior, such as limited control of displayed negative emotions (irritation, anger or rage) and a general deficiency of social skills. In developing the OSAB 40 items were selected from a pool of 82 and distributed among the following a priori scales: Irritation/anger, Anxiety/gloominess, Aggressive behavior, Antecedent (to aggressive behavior), Sanction (for aggressive behavior) and Social behavior. The internal consistency of these subscales was good, the inter-rater reliability was moderate to good, and the test-retest reliability over a two to three week period was moderate to good. The correlation between the subscales Irritation/anger, Anxiety/gloominess, Aggressive behavior, Antecedent, Sanction was substantial and significant, but the anticipated negative correlation between these subscales and the Social behavior subscale could not be shown. Relationships between the corresponding subscales of the OSAB and the FIOS, used to calculate concurrent validity, yielded relatively high correlations. The validity of the various OSAB subscales could be further supported by significant correlations with the PCL-R and by significant but weak correlations with corresponding subscales of the self-report questionnaires. The Observation Scale for Aggressive Behavior (OSAB) seems to measure aggressive behavior in Dutch forensic psychiatric inpatients with an antisocial personality disorder reliably and validly. Contrary to expectations, a negative relationship was not found between aggressive and social behavior in either the OSAB or FIOS, which were used for calculating concurrent validity.     

An unusual case of thermal injuries with a hot glue gun: Deliberate self-harm or maltreatment?

Assessing injuries in forensic medicine casework, examiners are often confronted with the question of self-infliction versus third parties' influence, respectively, deliberate self-harm versus maltreatment. We report the case of a 40-year-old male who presented with numerous partially healed thermal injuries of different age. These burns were shaped like capital letters and little circles, which were arranged in lines in a regular form. The lesions were found on the whole body with exclusion of face, genitals, hands and feet. Furthermore, four bitemarks at the right shoulder were noted. Investigations revealed that the man had been abused by his 25-year-old wife (presumably a borderline personality disorder patient) for at least 1 year. In addition to another series of abuses, the woman may have inflicted the shaped burns with a hot glue gun as punishment for breaking certain "rules" she had established. When assessing injuries of patients in forensic medicine, several considerations regarding etiology have to be taken into account. In principle, the victim's testimony, the anamnesis, the police investigation results and the findings from the forensic physical examination have to be balanced against each other. The injury pattern in the present case showed contradictory single characteristics both of deliberate self-harm and of maltreatment. After forensic analysis, it was assessed as injuries inflicted by an assistant with the patient's consent.     

邓小平政治哲学研究述评

通过对近年来国内研究者关于邓小平政治哲学性质的定位、研究对象和内容、方法论特征、理论贡献和研究方法的理论成果进行梳理,可以看出目前邓小平政治哲学研究中存在着四个方面的问题:研究的水平较低;研究的边界不清;生搬硬套其他学科的范畴和框架;缺少对邓小平政治运作和政治实践案例的理证分析。鉴于邓小平政治哲学研究尚处于起步阶段的状况,我们有必要对邓小平政治哲学的进一步研究提出一些建议。     

论犯罪行为及其侦查意义

犯罪行为是刑事案件构成要素的核心,对其可能出现的相关形态进行全面地认识、分析,有助于拓宽侦查思路。不同刑事案件有不同犯罪形态。从犯罪行为相关形态的特点出发,可以更好地发现有关犯罪的线索和收集有关犯罪证据,甚至抓获犯罪嫌疑人。     

提高审讯有效性的理性思考

如何在人权保障与犯罪控制的价值冲突中实现和提高审讯的有效性是讯问的永恒主题。诉讼规则的变迁使审讯有效性面临巨大的挑战,而讯问中存在的虚假有罪供述则使审讯有效性问题更加凸显。为此,审讯人员应纠正对审讯有效性认识的偏差,树立新的审讯理念,强化对无辜者的识别,积极探寻提高审讯有效性的途径。     

关于民族风情旅游异地化的现状与思考

伴随着民族风情旅游的蓬勃发展,民族风情旅游异地化已经成为一种普遍存在的旅游开发现象。本文探讨了民族风情旅游异地化产生的原因及其优点,指出了民族风情旅游异地化发展中存在问题,力图为民族风情旅游异地化的开发提供一些有益的思路。