电子政务法律问题探析

我们站在新世纪的门槛上,电子政务已初露端倪,并逐渐抓住了世人的“眼球”。事实面前,我们不能否认电子政务 应当是政府发展的未来趋势。本文旨阐明我国电子政务发展过程中不可回避的法律问题,从而促进我国电子政务的发展。     

关于完善我国环境影响评价制度的思考

环境影响评价制度是环境与发展综合决策的一项重要制度 ,也是环境监督管理的基本制度。环境影响评价制度在我国已实施了 2 0多年 ,但从我国环境影响评价制度实施情况和世界各国立法趋势来看 ,还存在一些比较明显的缺陷 ,如评价范围较窄、流于形式 ;环境影响评价审批、审查机构不健全 ,跟踪评价与监督管理滞后 ;评价程序上缺乏公众参与的民主决策机制等。随着我国可持续发展战略的提出和实施 ,进一步发展和完善我国环境影响评价制度 ,是当前和今后一段时间我国环境立法工作的重要内容     

检察视野下非法证据排除程序的几个理论问题

较之西方国家的非法证据排除集中于法庭审理阶段而言,我国非法证据排除具有贯穿于整个刑事诉讼程序的特点。非法证据排除的程序性理论问题、检察机关在非法证据排除中起到何种作用、检察机关排除非法证据的本质属性是什么、排除非法证据的模式有哪些以及如何在诉讼中排除非法证据、排除证据的效力怎样等基本理论问题都需要学界展开深入研究,以期在这些理论问题研究基础上构建检察机关排除非法证据程序的相关制度体系。     

Alternatives to abstinence: the practice of (un)safe sex in prison

Correctional rules and regulations requiring sexual abstinence for prison inmates, coupled with unsupported beliefs about the risks of condom provision, keep most inmates in a dangerous muddle of criminalized sexual expression, covert efforts at erroneous myth-based safe sex practices, and high risk of sexual disease contraction and transmission. With the vast majority of inmates eventually released to re-enter communities across the US, these health concerns are not quarantined to the correctional environment, but rather contribute to what has been described as the hidden epidemic in public health . Using inmate voice from a large-scale national examination of inmate sexual behavior, the current study explores inmates’ attempts at ‘safe sex’ in an environment where sexual behavior, though prohibited, frequently occurs, and where no sex is the only accepted form of ‘safe’ sex. Inmates identify many approaches to safe sexual practice including barrier protection, partner selection, and risk reduction strategies. Unfortunately, many improvised, though innovative, inmate protection strategies reflect a very rudimentary understanding of safe sex for the purpose of reducing disease transmission and contraction, frequently exacerbating these risks. Policy implications include widespread condom provision and expanded inmate education and programming around sexual health and disease prevention.     

爆炸物犯罪司法疑难问题及其解决

爆炸物犯罪的法律规定存在漏洞,刑法理论界对有关爆炸物犯罪的研究欠深、广,导致了司法实践中处理爆炸物犯罪时对犯罪对象、行为、罪数认定及刑罚裁量等出现争议和疑难。认真探讨这些问题,对丰富爆炸物犯罪理论和解决爆炸物犯罪量刑失衡具有重大意义。立法和司法解释对爆炸物的外延不周延,应从社会危害性角度考虑予以解决;对爆炸物犯罪行为认定的疑难,应从各种犯罪行为的本质特点予以认定;对罪数形态认定的疑难,应从把握事后不可罚行为和想象竞合犯等刑法理论的基础上具体分析认定;对于刑罚裁量上的失衡,应从正确认定处罚情节和正确适用司法解释来解决。     

浅析大革命时期中共关于土匪问题的策略方针

近代以来,随着中国社会、政治、经济危机的加剧,土匪问题愈演愈烈,至中共成立时期,中国已俨然被西方学者描绘成为"土匪王国"、"盗匪世界"。中国共产党在成立后和大革命时期,坚持用马克思主义的立场、观点分析处理土匪问题,对中国兵匪互通的特殊国情、匪情保持清醒认识,充分认识到土匪问题的严重性及其对国民革命的影响,针对土匪问题的不同情形,采取有效的策略方针加以妥善处理,有力地推进了革命运动的开展,取得了一定的理论与实践积淀。     

宽严相济刑事政策与刑法解释学

刑法解释学的蓬勃发展使得刑法学生机盎然,实质解释与形式解释两种解释理念的对抗让"正义"再次展现出多元化,是打击犯罪还是保障人权,这是个价值选择问题。刑事政策为刑法解释学的走向指明了方向。当前的宽严相济的基本刑事政策表明,"宽大"与"严格"的刑事政策指导了刑法解释学的基本走向——以严格解释为基础,以扩张解释为补充。针对妨害秩序的犯罪应当严格解释,针对公民人身、民主权利和财产权的犯罪可以扩张解释。同时,尊重行为类型在刑法中的基础地位,限制想象竞合的滥用。     

Value Creation in Political Exchanges: A Qualitative Study

The purpose of this paper is to investigate how voters conceptualize value in political exchanges. The study used 10 in-depth interviews to penetrate the world view of participants to determine how they construct value and meaning in political exchanges. The findings 5 suggest that value in political exchanges operates at both a process and outcome level. Specifically, value was found to comprise economic, societal, altruistic, social, and expedient components. This research calls for a strategic redefinition of how politicians and political consultants offer value to voters in political exchanges.     

民事检察建议存在的问题及完善路径

修改后的民事诉讼法将民事检察建议作为检察机关新的监督方式,改变了检察机关以往单一的抗诉监督模式,形成了抗诉、纠正违法的检察建议、再审检察建议并重的多元化监督模式,同时也拓宽了民事检察监督范围,民事检察监督由审判监督拓展至民事诉讼监督。但民事检察建议仍存在法律规定模糊、刚性监督效力不足、重视程度不够及运行程序混乱等问题,需要进一步完善以充分发挥民事检察建议的制度作用。     

Aggressive,Delinquent, and Violent Outcomes of School Bullying: Do Family and Individual Factors Have a Protective Function?

Bullying perpetration at school is a long-term predictor of aggression, delinquency, and violence. Most research concentrates on risk factors for such developments, whereas protective factors have been rarely addressed. Therefore, the present study investigates potentially protective effects of family and child characteristics in a prospective longitudinal design. The sample contained 519 youngsters (253 boys and 266 girls) from the Erlangen-Nuremberg Development and Prevention Study. Bullying perpetration was measured at age 9.0 years, mothers’ and children's reports on family and individual characteristics were collected at age 10.6, and outcomes in self-reported aggressive/violent offending and mother-reported aggressive and delinquent behavior were collected at age 13.7. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed main effects and interactions. The latter suggest buffering protective effects of consistent discipline in parenting and children's intelligence, positive attitude to school, prosocial behavior skills, low hyperactivity/inattention, and an anxious/depressive mood. The findings varied across the two outcome measures and with regard to gender. Implications for further research and prevention practice are discussed.