关于非公有制企业的职工民主管理

非公有制经济在我国已经有了极大的发展,如何在这类企业中维护职工的合法权益是工会组织必须面对的问题。国内外的成功经验表明,企业职工民主管理是保障工人权益,调整劳资关系的良好途径,工会组织应当深入地进行探索。     

试论职工疗养院的生存与发展

在社会主义市场经济条件下,各级工会举办的疗养院都经历一个生存发展难以维系的艰辛历程。职工疗养事业要想在新的形势下发展壮大,就必须面对现实,转变观念,放弃等、靠、要的思想,坚持改革,适应市场,办出特色,提高水平。     

市场经济条件下人才运行机制的研究

市场经济体制的逐步建立,对人才的培养、选拔和使用提出了全新的要求。适应社会的发展,树立科学的人才观,是构建市场经济条件下人才运行机制的理论前提。人才的优化配置、教育培养、选拔任用、考核评价、激励机制等是构建全新人才运行机制的主要内容。     

经济全球化条件下的人力资本国际配置初探

人力资本国际配置是经济全球化的内在要求。然而,目前人力资本国际配置总体趋势是从发展中国家向发达国家的单向流动,这对世界经济的持续、均衡发展产生负面影响。因此,应从打破国际经济旧秩序、弥补“数字鸿沟”、加强合作管理等方面推动人力资本国际配置进程。     

试论市场经济对人文精神各要素的作用关系

市场经济对人文精神及其人的发展,一方面具有积极的推动作用,即激发人们的主动性、积极性和创造性,扩大了人与人之间的交往和合作关系;另一方面又具有消极的影响和作用,即人的物化存在使人没有真正的独立性,人的活动的片面化导致人的能力发展的片面化。市场经济对由科学、道德、自由、平等、正义、终极关怀等所构成的现代人文精神要素的不同作用关系,决定了它们在市场经济中的不同命运。它使科技和教育的发展趋于功利化、道德私利化,使自由、平等与公正失衡,并导致终极关怀的缺失。     

The violence work of transnational gangs in Central America

Abstract

According to international relations scholars, an important change taking place in the post-Cold War context concerns the lethality of non-state armed groups (NSAGs). Underlying this observation is the conventional assumption that non-state violence is intrinsically illegitimate. This article shifts the analysis of violence away from the terrain of legitimacy, which tends to moralise the difference between state and non-state forces, and towards the terrain of work, where their violence features as part and not separate from a shared political economy. I propose the notion of violence work as a resourceful analytic into the dialectics of everyday violence and the complex processes of value production in social life. Against the background of the extreme cruelty attributed to transnational gangs in Central America, I argue that their violence work is expressive of prevailing modes of accumulating wealth in the region. Drawing on multi-sited fieldwork in Honduras, Guatemala, El Salvador and Mexico, I show how gang violence work animates a system of economic cooperation that engages a wide array of subjects who traverse state/non-state and legal/illegal divides.     

Interrogating the Political Economy of Age

This article considers the argument by Tim Vlandas, in this issue, that an ageing electorate may undermine democracies’ ability to make the right economic choices. Vlandas suggests that the emergence of gerontocratic politics may give rise to ‘gerontonomia’: an economy run for the old, at the expense of younger generations and of future prosperity. However, evidence from the UK suggests a more mixed picture. Age-based voting patterns have been consequential around single issues, not least the 2016 Brexit referendum. However, voters’ interests in broad economic policy models are not easily reducible to age dynamics, and intergenerational politics are filtered through a set of normative and affective considerations beyond straightforward self-interest. Moreover, since the rational interests of different age groups do not speak for themselves, cueing by political elites is potentially significant and may be contributing to older voters’ relative tolerance of a poor economic record.     

The politics of Uber: Infrastructural power in the United States and Europe

Platform firms have been depicted as having structural and instrumental power and being able to prevail in regulatory battles. This article, in contrast, documents how they have often adapted to regulations and provide different services across locales. I show that platform firms have a specific type of power, infrastructural power, that stems from their position as mediators across a variety of actors. This power, I argue, is shaped by pre-existing regulations and the firms' strategic response, that I call “contentious compliance”: a double movement of adapting to existing regulations, while continuing to challenge them. I apply this framework to the expansion and regulation of Uber in New York City (US), Madrid (Spain), and Berlin (Germany).     

Data hubris? Humanitarian information systems and the mirage of technology

This article looks at the promise of technology to revolutionise humanitarian action, especially in terms of the gathering and use of data. With many heralding a ‘data revolution’, the opportunities and enthusiasm for using social media and SMS data in crisis response are on the rise. The article constructs an analytical framework in order to scrutinise the three main claims made on behalf of technologically advanced humanitarian information systems: that they can access data more accurately, more quickly, and alter power relations in emancipatory ways. It does so in relation to two aspects of digital humanitarianism: visual technology and crisis mapping, and big data. The article is partly informed by a historical perspective, but also by interview and other material that suggests some of the claims made on behalf of technology are exaggerated. In particular, we argue that the enthusiasm for the data is vastly outstripped by the capacity to meaningfully analyse it. We conclude by scoping the implications of the future technological evolution of humanitarianism, in particular by examining how technology contributes to what Duffield terms ‘post-modern humanitarianism’.     

Globalisation masculinities,empire building and forced prostitution: a critical analysis of the gendered impact of the neoliberal economic agenda in post-invasion/occupation Iraq

Adopting a transnational feminist lens and using a political economy approach, this article addresses both the direct and indirect consequences of the 2003 war in Iraq, specifically the impact on civilian women. Pre-war security and gender relations in Iraq will be compared with the situation post-invasion/occupation. The article examines the globalised processes of capitalism, neoliberalism and neo-colonialism and their impact on the political, social and economic infrastructure in Iraq. Particular attention will be paid to illicit and informal economies: coping, combat and criminal. The 2003 Iraq war was fought using masculinities of empire, post-colonialism and neoliberalism. Using the example of forced prostitution, the article will argue that these globalisation masculinities – specifically the privatisation agenda of the West and its illegal economic occupation – have resulted in women either being forced into the illicit (coping) economy as a means of survival, or trafficked for sexual slavery by profit-seeking criminal networks who exploit the informal economy in a post-invasion/occupation Iraq.