试论行业组织的作用

建立社会主义市场经济体制,在转变政府职能的同时,必须建立和发展行业组织。行业组织作为政府、企业、市场之间联系的纽带和桥梁,具有政府行政管理不可替代的服务、沟通、协调、公正、监督作用。     

竞业禁止与劳动权利保护

商业秘密作为权利人的一种无体财产权 ,任何主体不能对其侵犯。竞业禁止属保护商业秘密的手段之一 ,仅适用于法律规定的某些特定主体。择业自主权为宪法、劳动法赋予劳动者的法定权利 ,除非与劳动者协商一致 ,任何主体不得予以限制。     

从契约理论看家族企业代际传递中的权威散失

家族企业代际传递的核心是权威传递。从契约(合约)理论的角度看,公众公司和家族企业的权威体系构成,前者以正式契约形成的治理权威为主导,后者以非正式契约形成的管理权威为主导,由于权威在性质和来源上的差异,管理权威的传递难度要比治理权威大得多。影响管理权威的传递存在着众多不确定因素。     

证券市场虚假陈述行为民事责任探讨

我国证券市场虚假陈述行为的相关法律在不断进步和完善之中,但在虚假陈述行为的民事责任认定、损害赔偿范围及标准、赔偿司法程序等方面的实施效果并不令人满意,给投资者权益造成了损害,因此在这些方面有进行适当修正的必要。     

Explaining South Africa’s land reform policy failure through its instruments: the emergence of inclusive agricultural business models

ABSTRACT

This paper seeks to explain the emergence of South African inclusive agricultural business models in relation to the land reform policy. We demonstrate that in South Africa such policy instruments linking small-scale and large-scale farmers respond to endogenous dynamics linked to the failure of its land reform policy. We study the land reform policy change induced by its policy instruments. Indeed, introducing the market as the preferred means to implement land reform caused unanticipated side effects, creating constant pressure for change that such inadequate instrument exerted on the set policy objectives during the first phase of policy implementation. After cohabitating uneasily with rather antagonistic policy goals, policy instruments ultimately led to a change in policy objectives, shifting from supporting small-scale black subsistence agriculture to targeting a class of emerging farmers committed to commercial agriculture. Inclusive Business Model’s policy instruments were subsequently identified as the best fit to achieve the re-adjusted policy goal.     

Businesses and the Internet: Implications for Firm Location and Clustering

This article discusses the economic and geographical implications of the growing use of information and communications technologies (ICTs) in the production process. In short, ICTs make internal and external communications more efficient and allow faster and more flexible interaction among different agents. These improvements correlate with changes in the internal organization of the business and in its strategic behavior. Those changes have implications for regional economic development.The four sections of the article include a typology of information and communications technologies and a discussion of how they diffuse; an elaboration of the concept of economic clusters and economic space in the context of ICTs; and a review of the methodological issues surrounding the development of virtual (rather than physical) clusters of economic activity.The article's, major insights include the following. Information-based, younger, and smaller businesses, and the service sector, benefit most from the Internet. Many of those businesses are integrated in networks and economic clusters; historically, they are often located in close spatial proximity to each other and/or to their customers. At the same time, a new type of virtual agglomeration is created for some type of activities through Internet interaction, which does not require physical proximity. The article stresses the need for a new paradigm to think about the relationship of business and space.     

Varieties of hierarchical capitalism: family and state market economies in East Asia

Through an examination of East Asian economies, this paper proposes two new capitalist ideal types: family market economies and state market economies. In contrast to coordinated and liberal market economy types, the new capitalist ideal types proposed here display alternative forms of hierarchical coordination. These ideal types are also genuinely novel models of capitalism because they exhibit distinct and stable institutional structures and comparative advantages.     

欧盟商业方法专利保护的模式与启示

历史上各国都将商业方法视为智力活动的规则和方法,不予专利保护。随着信息网络和电子商务的发展,美国联邦巡回法院在State Street Bank案中彻底废除了"商业方法除外"原则,只要发明具有实用性即可授予专利。与美国不同,欧盟在承认商业方法专利性的同时,仍强调发明的技术性,只有具备"技术特征"、作出"技术贡献"的发明方授予专利。根据我国的专利传统和产业发展水平,一方面应借鉴欧盟坚持"技术特征"的资格要件,另一方面以发明整体"非显而易见性"作为创造性标准,同时还应完善商业方法专利授予程序,以堆护国家利益。     

中国西部农民工返乡创业的现状和对策

本文对西部地区近年来的农民返乡创业问题,从现状特点、实践效果、主要经验和存在问题等方面,进行了深入讨论,提出了要实施“西部农民工返乡创业工程”等许多实用性对策建议。     

贯彻实施《会计法》促进现代企业制度建设

贯彻实施《会计法》,是转换企业经营机制、建立现代企业制度、加强企业管理的重要举措。作为企业管理的一个重要方面 ,《会计法》的贯彻实施至关重要。当前 ,一些企业经营困难 ,亏损严重 ,很重要的一个原因就是没有建立一套严格的管理制度 ,责任不清 ,监督不严 ,决策随意 ,纪律松弛 ,管理不善。贯彻实施《会计法》,必将有力地发挥会计工作在预测经济前景、落实经济责任、考核经营业绩、控制经营风险等各个方面的作用 ,推动企业加强会计管理工作 ,改善经营管理 ,建立健全企业内部监督制度 ,提高领导能力和决策水平 ,加快建立现代企业制度的步伐