现代化、资本主义文明及“死结”

发端于18世纪后期的英国工业革命,揭开了世界现代化的序幕,资本的扩张推进了现代化进程。现代化所带来的物质和精神变革,使资本主义日益成为强势文明。但是,现代化没有也无法解开资本主义生产社会化和生产资料私人占有这个死结,因此,社会变革便是不可避免的。剖析资本主义强势的“秘诀”和发展趋势,对于我们加深认识“资本主义发展的历史进程”具有重要的现实意义。     

What kind of capitalism for Russia?: A comparative analysis

Post-communist governing elites had a vision of a transition to a type of society characterised by wealth, markets, private ownership, democracy and civil society. The transformation in Russia is analyzed in terms of company structure, economic outcomes and patterns of social integration, elite and class fragmentation. On the basis of a comparative political economy, different models of capitalism are defined (competitive or market-led and cooperative or negotiated). The Russian economy is defined as a perverse chaotic social formation. It is contended that policy should move towards a state-led “negotiated” type of capitalist system.     

The politics of state capitalism in a post-liberal international order: the case of Turkey

Abstract

This article discusses the transformation of the liberal international order, with reference to the ways in which global shifts affect the developmental paradigms among the emerging middle powers. Although it is rarely contested that the liberal order is being severely tested, the dynamics and potential consequences of this transformation are a matter of intense controversy. Also, the debate mainly focuses on great power politics, without paying adequate attention to the ways in which middle powers are influenced by and inform the transition to a post-liberal international order. By focusing on the case of Turkey, this article addresses whether non-Western great powers (Russia and China in particular) are leading the emergence of alternative order(s), and if so, through what mechanisms. Based on the reciprocal interactions between ideas, material capabilities and institutions, I argue that the preferences of the Turkish ruling elite seem to be gradually shifting from a Western-oriented liberal model towards a variety of ‘state capitalism’ as an alternative developmental paradigm in a post-liberal international order.     

历史唯物主义重建之下的民主观念

伍德把民主视为超越资本主义的一种力量。她虽然肯定在资本主义条件下,政治民主有所发展,但更为根本的是,经济并不是民主的,而是充满压迫与强制的。因此,民主的发展,必然要超出资本主义社会。为此,她对历史唯物主义的一些基本范畴进行了重新思考,包括经济"基础"与上层建筑的关系。她不同意把经济与政治视为截然分离的两个领域,而是把资本主义社会所特有的这种分离视为资本主义本身政治功能的分化。伍德的民主理论,是力图从马克思主义视角来回应当代资本主义的民主理论,与所谓的后马克思主义有着重大的差别。     

“两个决不会”原理的孕育、形成和发展的历史过程

马克思在《〈政治经济学批判〉序言》中说:"无论哪一个社会形态,在它所能容纳的全部生产力发挥出来以前,是决不会灭亡的;而新的更高的生产关系,在它的物质存在条件在旧社会的胎胞里成熟以前,是决不会出现的。"这就是"两个决不会"原理。通过对"两个决不会"原理的孕育、"两个决不会"原理的形成以及"两个决不会"原理的深化和发展三个方面系统地历史考察和分析,论述了这个原理的理论意义和现实意义。     

谈全面认识当代资本主义

如何建设、巩固和发展社会主义？ 首要的问题是弄清什么是社会主义。而社会主义则是一个当代资本主义行将过时而取而代之的社会制度。两者之间有着重大的关联。所以，认真搞清楚什么是资本主义，特别是当代资本主义的主要特征，是我们深刻而全面地认识社会主义的重要途径。当代资本主义是一个十分复杂的事物。它既是一个尚对生产力发展有着巨大促进作用的社会制度，又是一个暴露出许多重大弊端的社会制度。我们只有用马克思主义关于生产力和生产关系、经济基础和上层建筑的关系等基本原理去客观、全面、辩证地分析研究，才能真正认识清楚当代资本主义的真实面目。     

非决定论批判与"两个必然" --正确认识两种社会历史进程

非决定论通过否定历史发展规律的客观性,进而否定“两个必然”,为资本主义制度辩护。辩证历史决定论肯定历史发展规律的客观性,同时强调历史发展规律的特殊性。用辩证历史决定论的观点认识资本主义和社会主义两种社会制度的历史进程,必然进一步肯定“资本主义必然灭亡,社会主义必然胜利”的历史规律。     

Slavery and capitalism

ABSTRACT

In this paper, I look at the relationship between slavery and capitalism through exploring the counterfactual of industrialization without slavery in the United States and by analyzing the deeper connection between slavery and capitalism. As we will see, slavery, and war capitalism more generally, played an important role in industrialization, and slavery and capitalism share an underlying connection that if obscured can facilitate higher levels of exploitation under capitalism at present.     

论文明的内涵及其特性

本揭示了明的内涵,并对明内容的普遍性与特殊性、明形态的多样性与互补性、明价值的正向性与共享性、明发展的连续性与阶段性、明关系的开放性与兼容性作了系统阐述。正确把握这些特性,是科学认识人类明发展规律的客观要求,也是加强社会主义明建设的基本前提。     

浅析经济伦理研究的三个误区

经济伦理的研究在近年来取得了长足发展,但是仍然存在一些研究误区,即:理论误区、逻辑误区和应用误区。纠正经济伦理的研究误区,目的是使经济伦理的研究能更好地为现代化经济的发展服务,使之步入健康研究的轨道。