中国民族资本主义发展历程述论

中国民族资本主义的发展经历了一个曲折的历史过程,本文将其概述为:产生———初步发展———所谓“短暂春天”———发展与挫折———改革———复活等几个阶段。     

Metaphor and social action: how worker attention is translated into capital

Using the example of attention, this paper argues that there is a tendency to treat conceptual metaphors as representational resources at the expense of critically examining how they are implicated in the material structuring of social action. Rather than understanding metaphor in terms of transference, it is proposed that the concept of translation be applied to how we theorise the workings of metaphor. By translating rather than merely transferring concepts from one domain to another, metaphors function as semiotic materialisations that give structure to social action. It is through metaphor that human attentional processes are made to be translated into the material practices of knowledge work under cognitive capitalism. However, for attention to be translated from cognitive process into labour more than a simple associative process must take place. The attention-as-labour metaphor does not just transform how we think about work, it lends itself to transforming how work is performed and managed. In this way, as discursive resources metaphors participate in the constitution not only of our understanding of social realities but also how we build and act within those realities. Thus, metaphors are not just evidence of asymmetries in power relations but also function as instruments of those asymmetries.     

浅论经济全球化条件下两种制度的共存与竞争

在经济全球化的历史背景下,社会主义国家与资本主义国家共存并进行着广泛的交流、合作与竞争。他们在机遇和挑战中寻求共同利益,在相互交流、合作和竞争中共同发展。社会主义最终取代资本主义是社会发展规律的抉择,但当前我们必须要正确认识在经济浪潮中两种制度之间微妙复杂的关系,只有这样才能创新社会主义理论,选择正确的战略策略应对经济全球化的机遇和挑战。     

Negative Capital and the Wealth of Nations

The so-called global economy has generated tremendous international wealth inequality that only increases as globalization deepens. This process is capped by the failure of classical economic theory to incorporate such free market externalities as negative capital . Negative capital can be defined as situations, events, or environmental conditions that degrade or threaten to degrade the standard of living or life expectancy of great numbers of persons, including those living in wealthy nations. These problems cut across issues of sovereignty and security, economic development, and the environment. They can be monetized and have value because the rich will have to pay in order to mitigate them, whether at home or abroad. Payment can take many forms, but it will involve a politics of redistribution. Negative capital is a systemic phenomenon "in nature" without which the classical economic theory is both incomplete and notably ideological. A tamed and therefore enlightened free market, that recognizes and addresses negative capital, may be better equipped to resolve the situations created by its inherent inadequacies.     

全球化是21世纪社会主义发展的奠基石

冷战后 ,由资本主义主导的全球化呈现出加速扩展的趋势 ,导致世界经济、政治、文化等诸多领域发生深刻的变化。尽管国际社会主义运动处于低潮 ,但由于全球化的目标与资本主义存在着本质上的对立 ,导致全球化无法克服资本主义的基本矛盾。全球化是社会主义在 2 1世纪发展的奠基石。     

是市场社会主义还是社会资本主义

市场社会主义是西方的一种重要社会思潮,尽管它也在研究市场与社会主义的结合问题,然而在对社会主义的理解和认识上与我国社会主义市场经济有着本质区别,用市场社会主义来概括当今社会主义所出现的新变化并不合适。社会资本主义作为当代资本主义发展的最高阶段,是社会民主主义推动的结果。市场社会主义的社会主义立场和观点接近社会民主主义,其理论无法超脱社会资本主义的历史现实。     

Capitalism,workers organising and the shifting meanings of workplace democracy

This article explores the limits imposed by a capitalist system of industrial relations on the construction of workplace democracy. It does so by focusing on the experiences of two grass-roots organisations, from both the formal and informal sectors of the economy, in the context of contemporary Argentina. Against one-sided and abstract views of union democracy, the article argues that, for a critical engagement on the issue of democracy, we should go beyond analyses that consider this in isolation from the material, institutional and ideological capitalist context within which unions’ actions are inserted. Democracy permeates the life of unions as collective organisations, but the struggle for control in a context of unbalanced power shapes democracy as a practice. Questions about the right balance between democratic decision-making and delegation and between efficiency and accountability in unions remain open.     

当代资本主义新科技革命论要

二战结束以来发生于发达资本主义国家的新科技革命，是诸多社会历史条件综合作用的结果，表现了政府的主动性、进程的持续性、发展的加速性、内容的综合性、活动的国际性等特点，既推动了经济发展和社会进步，又暴露出它必然具有的局限性。     

Dispossession and disalienation: The fulfillment of life in Ursula LeGuin's The Dispossessed

For Caleb

In The Dispossessed, Ursula LeGuin imagines a non‐authoritarian society that privileges freedom and centers the individual's realization of her creative potentials in social context as the means to achieve the highest functioning, least repressive society. The concept central to this imagination of freedom and the ‘good life’ as expressed in her anarchic vision is that of disalienation, in the Marxist sense. In theorizing an anarchic society, whether or not a particular aspect of social organization is disalienating becomes for LeGuin the key criterion for assessing and determining the human efficacy of, in particular: the organization of work; the relationship between self, society, and nature; and the distribution of both social responsibilities and resources. This paper explores how LeGuin measures the alienating effects of a range of socio‐economic institutions, practices, and bodies of knowledge—from how we organize work, to how we establish the state and its governing power, to how we think about time—highlighting her critique of the alienating structures of our culture and the way they curtail human creativity and disarm individuals from developing freely and fully, that is, in a way that would benefit society as a whole and promote individual happiness.     

Deepening,and repairing,the metabolic rift

This paper critically assesses the metabolic rift as a social, ecological, and historical concept describing the disruption of natural cycles and processes and ruptures in material human-nature relations under capitalism. As a social concept, the metabolic rift presumes that metabolism is understood in relation to the labour process. This conception, however, privileges the organisation of labour to the exclusion of the practice of labour, which we argue challenges its utility for analysing contemporary socio-environmental crises. As an ecological concept, the metabolic rift is based on outmoded understandings of (agro) ecosystems and inadequately describes relations and interactions between labour and ecological processes. Historically, the metabolic rift is integral to debates about the definitions and relations of capitalism, industrialism, and modernity as historical concepts. At the same time, it gives rise to an epistemic rift, insofar as the separation of the natural and social worlds comes to be expressed in social thought and critical theory, which have one-sidedly focused on the social. We argue that a reunification of the social and the ecological, in historical practice and in historical thought, is the key to repairing the metabolic rift, both conceptually and practically. The food sovereignty movement in this respect is exemplary.