Comparing trends in infanticides in 28 countries, 1960–2009

The term ‘infanticide’ refers to the homicide of a child younger than one year old. In this article, we describe infanticide trends in 28 industrialized countries between 1960 and 2009. The analysis is based on the cause of death data from the WHO Mortality Database and national materials. The purpose is to compare those trends in all these 28 countries not to compare countries per se. Cause of death statistics are based on ICD classification. During the review period, ICD classification changed three times. In addition to describing infanticide trends, we will analyse the impact of those changes on statistical infanticide levels, to be sure that changes in trends could be seen as real, not statistical artefacts. According to our analysis, the change from ICD-7 to ICD-9 in 1968–1970 seems to have had some impact on registered infanticide mortality levels in three of the studied countries. In other countries, the changes did not have any general impact on registered infanticide levels. During the period, infanticide rates decreased in almost all European countries, and increased or were stable in most non-European industrialized countries. Even in Europe, there were significant differences in the decreasing trend between countries. We also found some structural variation behind the trend figures, which raised the question of whether the aggregated infanticide levels really describe an identical phenomenon in different countries.     

行政行为分类的逻辑考量

行政行为分类是行政法学研究的重要内容,但对其研究却是极其薄弱。受法学研究路径的束缚,目前行政行为分类的现状极为混乱,所表现出来的症结为前提模糊、方式混乱、立场局限。从逻辑学的角度,以分类标准、分类规则、分类类型为参数对行政行为的分类现状进行梳理和探讨,有利于促进对行政行为研究的深化和扩展。行政行为的分类应当面向司法实践,使得理论研究与实践应用相统一。     

论我国的警察职位分类

我国正处在一个社会的转型期,警民冲突事件和警察执法伤亡案件逐年增多。对警察进行职位分类并实施有效管理,是避免警察执法伤亡和警民冲突的有效手段,也是提高警察工作积极性和业务能力,加强警察职业化进程的重要途径。     

法医物证中常用的基因分型技术

现在我们普遍认为 ,理解了人类基因组的遗传变异就可以揭示人类疾病的易感性以及疗效差异的原回。本文将主要讨论几种不同的确认和探测遗传变异的方法。不同的等位基因识别方法在形式上可以分为以下几种 :1、酶学方法 ;2、电泳的方法 ;3、遗传变异的固相识别方法 ;4、层析法 ;5、其他的识别等位基因变异的物理学方法。本文主要介绍那些曾被广泛使用的技术方法 ,同时也涉及到几种虽然没有广泛使用但却具有极大潜在价值的方法 ,是对近几年来在法医物证领域中常用基因分型方法的总结。     

参芪平喘颗粒治疗慢性阻塞性肺病缓解期疗效观察

目的 观察参芪平喘颗粒治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD）缓解期的疗效。方法 共纳入41例缓解期COPD患者,在解痉平喘治疗的基础上,加服参芪平喘颗粒,3个月为1个疗程,共治疗3个疗程。观察治疗前后肺功能严重程度分级、ABCD分级、6 min步行距离的变化。结果 治疗9个月后,COPD患者肺功能严重程度分级和ABCD分级均无显著变化;肺功能Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级患者治疗后6 min步行距离较治疗前显著提高（P＜0.05）。结论 参芪平喘颗粒能够提高缓解期COPD患者的生活质量,ABCD分级系统较肺功能严重程度分级更适合COPD患者病情的评估。     

原发性痛经大学生中医体质类型研究的Meta分析

目的 探讨原发性痛经大学生中医体质类型的分布规律,为防治大学生原发性痛经提供循证医学依据。方法 检索国内外文献数据库,纳入大学生原发性痛经与中医体质相关性的研究文献。采用R软件进行横断面研究单个率的Meta分析,采用Review Manager 5.3软件进行有对照数据的Meta分析。结果 共纳入10项研究,共3 327例,其中原发性痛经者2 117例,对照组1 210例。阳虚质、气郁质、平和质、气虚质和血瘀质占原发性痛经大学生的比例分别为25.48%（95% CI 18.04%～34.70%）、24.71%（95% CI 18.97%～31.50%）、19.60%（95% CI 12.33%～29.71%）、17.92%（95% CI 10.18%～29.63%）、14.17%（95% CI 9.03%～21.55%）。病例对照研究的Meta分析显示,阳虚质、气郁质、平和质、气虚质和血瘀质大学生原发性痛经患病风险的OR值分别为2.75（95% CI 1.38～5.47）、2.93（95% CI 1.63～5.25）、0.17（95% CI 0.05～0.59）、1.73（95% CI 1.15～2.59）、2.62（95% CI 0.99～6.92）。结论 阳虚质、气郁质、气虚质和血瘀质是原发性痛经大学生的主要体质类型和原发性痛经的危险因素。     

Applying classification methodology to high-consequence firesetting

ABSTRACT

Although classification research has improved our understanding about different types of firesetters, very little is known about those responsible for the most injurious or destructive fires. This study explored variables associated with high-consequence firesetting in an Australian sample (n?=?114). Data across 41 variables were subject to multidimensional scaling (MDS) and principle component analysis. Five types of high-consequence firesetting were identified: (1) Intimate Partner Violence, (2) Hopeless Endangerment, (3) Instrumental Gain, (4) Vandalism, and (5) Fire Interest. Firesetting in the first two types involved individuals with increased rates of past violence, fewer instances of previous firesetting, increased psychiatric morbidity and fires directed at people (person-centred targets). In comparison, individuals represented in the latter two types were younger, focused on object-related targets and had engaged in repeated firesetting. Implications for investigating deliberate firesetting and assessing and managing the risk of deliberate firesetting were discussed.     

渎职犯罪型过失的种类划分

本文以犯罪过失分类方法为基础,突出渎职犯罪型过失的特点,将渎职犯罪型过失划分为职务上的疏忽大意过失与职务上的过于自信过失,职务事实过失与职务法律过失,职务纯正过失与职务非纯正过失。     

反恐怖情报若干问题研究

收集反恐怖情报是反恐怖斗争取胜的关键,在反恐怖情报的收集阶段主要包括几个方面:反恐怖情报的概念、反恐怖情 报收集的意义、原则、反恐怖情报的不同分类以及反恐怖情报收集等方面,有效的收集反恐怖情报,可以挫败恐怖主义分子进行恐怖 活动的阴谋,把恐怖主义活动的阴谋扼杀于恐怖活动的预谋阶段。