Cut Loose in the Caribbean: Neoliberalism and the Demise of the Commonwealth Sugar Trade

This article focuses on the way the Anglophone Caribbean succumbed to the overhaul of the European Union sugar trade and how these countries have attempted to restructure their economies in its wake. We show how the protagonists of reform gave a sense of inevitability to the demise of the Commonwealth trade system and conveyed (unrealistic) strategies for how this should be managed for the benefit of the Caribbean. In this way we detail the hegemony of neoliberalism in contemporary trade politics and the need for alternative strategies for rural development in the Caribbean region.     

中日贸易的新发展、新变化及问题

新世纪以来,中日贸易规模进一步扩大,贸易商品结构也发生了新的变化。由于中国经济崛起而日本经济低迷,中国在日本对外贸易中的地位迅速提高,而日本在中国对外贸易中的地位却明显下降。中日贸易发展对中日两国经济都产生了积极的作用和影响,也存在一些不可忽视的问题,必须认真对待,尽快解决。     

以科学发展观为统领不断推进工会工作创新发展

中关村科技园区海淀园是中国第一个高新技术产业开发区，汇聚了15000多家高新技术企业。目前园区基层工会组织多是小而分散，工会会员呈高学历、高素质、高收入群体特点。工会工作按照传统的组织体系和工作方式难以有效运作。因此，园区各级工会必须适应形势，在基层建设和工作领域方面走向社会化、网络化和开放化，从实际出发，建立健全工会组织体系，以科学发展观为统领，以维权为重点，围绕园区的稳定和发展，发挥工会组织的积极作用。     

Trade Unions and Political Parties in Italy (1946–2014): Ideological Positions and Critical Junctures

The paper investigates party-union relationships in Italy (1946–2014) by hand-coding parties’ parliamentary speeches and trade unions’ congress motions. In line with the cartel party thesis, a time series analysis shows that the ideological closeness between the left-wing Italian General Confederation of Labour and left-wing parties deteriorated when the Italian Socialist Party (1980) and the heirs of the Italian Communist Party (1998) converged toward the centre of the ideological spectrum. Conversely, the closeness between the Catholic-inspired Italian Confederation of Workers’ Unions and the heirs of Christian Democracy increased after 1994, when the former party’s leftist factions became the major part of the Italian Popular Party.     

The artist as a medium and the artwork as metaphor in Murakami Haruki’s fiction

Abstract

In many of Murakami Haruki’s works, the protagonist is in a profession close to the world of literature, although usually not exactly a writer. In their role as translators, advertising copywriters, journalists, or editors, Murakami’s protagonists are invested with the task of rearranging fragments of reality into narrative or artistic form, and/or of transmitting a message. This process is emotionally charged, often involving a supernatural dimension. While the process of reconstructing a narrative is largely unconscious, the narrator’s choice to act in this capacity is deliberate, and is presented as a way of fulfilling his responsibility towards others. I read this element as an expression of Murakami’s vision of the role of a writer in society. The figure of the artist-narrator takes an interesting form in Kishidanchō-Goroshi (Killing Commendatore, 2017), where the protagonist, a visual artist specialising in realistic portraits, decides to pursue a more creative approach to painting that leads him to a series of supernatural adventures. Through a close reading of the novel, this article investigates how Murakami’s portrayal of the artist as a shaman-like figure functions like a metaphor for the role of the literary author as a catalyst that enables people to connect with their inner self and with each other.     

是共赢不是依赖——试析韩国对华投资与贸易的新特征

上世纪90年代中国经济的高速增长和中韩建交加快了韩国对华投资和贸易的速度,之后的1997年亚洲货币危机时期,中国为稳定亚洲货币而展现出的高度责任感以及中国加入世贸组织,进一步加大了其规模。在投资引导下,贸易中严重偏于以原材料和零部件为主的结构特征,虽使韩连续保持巨额的对华贸易顺差,但也同时提高了和中国经济的联系程度。针对如何看待以对外投资刺激贸易从而带动经济的增长模式,笔者认为,投资国不应只顾虑到外来投资会提升受资国竞争实力、加深依赖甚至产生“飞镖效应”,而应从本国贸易顺差、产业结构升级乃至合作利益的角度出发,认识到这是经济全球化条件下共赢原则的必然选择。     

区域贸易协定与WTO保障条款的冲突及其解决

区域贸易协定是多边贸易体制最惠国原则的例外。取消区域内贸易的限制与保障措施的非歧视适用存在制度上的冲突。NAFTA为区域内实施保障措施设定了特殊的条件。区域贸易协定成员国可以排除保障措施的相互适用。《保障措施协议》脚注1解决的是谁可以实施保障措施的问题,而不涉及对谁实施的问题。保障措施的调查所涉对象国的范围应与实施范围保持一致。     

从国际法角度论多边贸易自由化与国内公共健康政策的冲突和协调

WTO成员以公共健康为口号发起的贸易限制措施与各国在WTO下的贸易自由化的义务存在着冲突。GATT/WTO的有关规则和实践显示出多边贸易体制对国内公共健康政策的态度从“忽视”到“有条件肯定”的演变过程。具体来说,GATT时期的规则和争端解决实践不利于国内公共健康政策的实施,而WTO时期出现了有利于国内公共健康政策实施的变化。在WTO现行体制下,各国在实施为公共健康目标的贸易措施时,应符合特定目标的合法性、目标与手段的一致性、目标与手段的相称性等一般要求和相关的具体要求。     

我国资本系相关法学问题初探

资本系是我国资本市场中新出现的现象。它具有五大法律特征。其法学概念可以概括为:在资本市场中以资本为核心或联系纽带形成的,具有关联或潜在关联关系的上市公司群体。资本系对我国资本市场的影响越来越大,而且对现行公法、私法制度产生强烈冲击,因此,资本系问题具有重要的法学研究价值。     

我国西南民族地区参与中国-东盟自贸区对外贸易分析——以贵州参与中国-东盟自贸区对外贸易为例

民族地区加快对外开放,发展与世界的对外贸易,推动经济发展是我国对外开放战略及民族地区经济发展战略的重要内容。中国—东盟自由贸易区的建立以及《中国-东盟全面经济合作框架协议货物贸易协议》的实施,不仅使中国企业在东盟的市场空间进一步扩展,更为具有区位优势的西南民族地区提供了发展外贸的巨大机遇。通过对贵州—东盟外贸案例的分析,证明这种机遇是现实的,且具很大的发展空间与前景。