关于邮政企业劳动关系的思考

邮政企业要在法律范围内按市场规律规范自己的行为,确保劳动关系的和谐与稳定。要建立健全三方机制增强劳动关系的协调性;依法签定劳动合同和集体合同,增强劳动关系的稳定性;完善激励机制,增强劳动关系的先进性,使工会成为以职业身份为标志的群众组织。     

试析1937—1941年的中苏关系

抗战时期，中苏两国的国际地位和实力的差异，决定了苏联对华政策在双边关系中发挥主导作用。随着国际局势的变化，苏联对外战略的演变直接影响两国关系的发展。当苏联战略需要与中国利益一致时，苏联大力援助中国的抗战事业，两国关系就能顺利发展。而当苏联的战略需要背离中国利益时，苏联外交的大国主义作法则越发明显，甚至为了确保自身的安全而牺牲中国利益。因此，在时局发生剧变之时，中苏对外战略重心的转移使得两国关系不可避免地趋于冷淡。     

Dialectics and Transformation: Exploring the International Theory of E. H. Carr

This article examines the appeal of Carr's theory of international relations, which has enjoyed a longevity matched by few other bodies of work in a discipline characterised by faddism. I attribute Carr's success as an international theorist to his subtle use of philosophy, history, and political theory. Carr's holistic and interdisciplinary approach achieves its best expression in his employment of a critical dialectics of international theory in The Twenty Years' Crisis. The article does not confine itself to this element of Carr's writings as I also examine several works, such as The Future of Nations. Independence or Interdependence?, Conditions of Peace, and Nationalism and After,that consider the transformation of the international society. The latter works also employ a dialectic of power and morality in order to envision a world very different from the international system that Carr observed, an international order that approximates the emerging relations among states at the beginning of the twenty-first century. The article concludes with an examination of the role relativism played in Carr's theory scheme and the extent to which his dialectics of utopianism and realism is an important precursor of critical and postmodern theories of international relations.     

论农民工劳动休息权的保护

劳动者有休息的权利,这是我国宪法中明文规定的。但一些单位变相安排劳动者加班,一些劳动者得不到法定的加班报酬、甚至有人因为连续劳动引发过劳死；也有些公民由于某些企业擅自安排夜间加班,而受到其噪声骚扰无法正常休息。而在这其中,对农民工的劳动休息权的侵犯尤为严重。农民工作为一个弱势群体,相对于出身城镇的劳动者而言,在劳动权益的保障方面受到了差别对待,这其中对于劳动休息权的保障亦是如此。无论是从人类政治文明发展的一般进程看,还是从社会主义法制建设的一般进程看,这些侵犯农民工劳动休息权的行为都是极其不合理的,需要对农民工劳动休息权进行平等保护。     

劳动力权之正当性依据

劳动力权的凸显是回应现代社会劳动力价值提升挑战之结果。其中,企业的“契约组织”性质是客观前提;劳动创造价值的历史梳理是观念基础;知识经济下劳动力价值的提升是经济解释;世界各国的对劳动力权的规范与实践之操作是法律现实。这些表明,劳动力权的创设是现实而非乌托邦。     

论社会主义劳动价值论是社会主义剩余积累论

本文通过对社会主义社会生产方式、劳动和价值创造特点的研究,提出了社会主义劳动价值论是社会主义剩余积累论的理论主张。     

Governance and transnational civil society: the problem of transnational rent-seeking

The expansion of transnational civil society challenges the regulatory reach of nation-states, both individually and collectively. One regulatory challenge is that transnational civil society organizations (TCSOs) can avail of opportunities to engage in, or facilitate, transnational rent-seeking in ways which benefit a small group of organizations or individuals but which impose significant social costs. This article suggests that certain roles played by TCSOs lend themselves to rent-seeking behaviour and it explores the hypothesis that TCSOs can engage in, or facilitate, transnational rent-seeking where they constitute transnational special interests and/or private transnational authorities. To this end, the article outlines a brief theoretical framework and applies it to case studies of two TCSOs, representing transnational trade associations and industry lobbies, and sports associations and regulators. While the conclusions here are tentative, the article argues for further research including refinement of the theoretical framework and empirical testing.     

我们需要什么样的民法总则--与德国民法比较

我国民法体系与德国民法体系有重大差异,根本原因是立法理念和思路不同。德国民法体系是以权利为核心构建的,所反映的法律关系理论属于“权利关系”阶段的理论。我国民法是以法律关系为核心构建的,所反映的法律关系理论属于“权利义务责任关系”阶段的理论。从立法技术上看,我国民法体系与德国民法体系有重大差异的根源在于,民法上责任的概念和内涵及责任与义务的关系有重大差异。由于《德国民法典》是以权利为核心构建的,请求权在民法中占有十分重要的地位。我国民法体系是以法律关系为核心构建的,体现为以权利———义务———责任为主线,我国民法上请求权的功能与德国民法上请求权的功能不同。     

美国因素在两岸关系和平发展进程中的影响

美国对两岸和谈的政策立场,是出于维系台海“不统、不独、不战”局面的战略考虑,以保证自己在台海地区的最大战略利益。美国既不希望两岸举行统一谈判又希望两岸达成和平协议的复杂心态,表现在一方面希望两岸进行谈判,降低敌对状态,另一方面又长期对台提供军售,使其增加与大陆相抗衡的资本。此一“双轨政策”对两岸和平关系的构建,有着不同方向的影响,往往起了互相抵消的作用。由于中国政府对台湾当局谋求“法理台独”的强烈反应以及台海紧张局势的升高,美国政府在20世纪90年代后期开始对两岸政治谈判采取较为积极的态度,反对台湾单方面改变现状。美国的上述战略考虑,在反对台湾“独立”、维系两岸和平这一点上,与中国政府的立场有相通之处,客观上为构建两岸关系和平发展框架提供了较好的外部条件。     

Sub-state diplomacy and the foreign policy-development nexus in South Africa

This article examines the role of sub-state diplomacy, defined as the transnational linkages of sub-national governments, in bridging the gap between foreign policy and the domestic development agenda in South Africa. It argues that, as territorial sub-state actors, provinces and municipalities are strategically positioned to use their international relations to make foreign policy more responsive to domestic socio-economic priorities. In the South African case, however, this potential is yet to be fully realised, mainly because of institutional fragmentation of the foreign policy apparatus, but also owing to enduring challenges in the foreign activities of sub-national governments. The article concludes by making the case for a new diplomatic paradigm in South Africa, one that actively promotes and harnesses the foreign activities and capacities of different national stakeholders, including those of sub-national governments, in the interest of the domestic development agenda.