论既有侵权责任构成要件理论的困境及其出路——“二分法”理论的提出

既有侵权责任构成要件理论,面,临着“精神分裂式”的自我冲突：一方面,立法扬弃大陆法系传统,确立多元责任承担方式;而另一方面,理论却固守大陆法系传统．承继损害赔偿责任构成要件理论。为避免创新与保守的自我冲突,我们须构建能够囊括全部责任承担方式的侵权责任构成要件理论——“退出式责任”与“割让式责任”二分法的侵权责任构成要件理论：退出式责任的构成要件仅为侵权行为,无需损害、因果关系,无需考虑过错;割让式责任则可沿袭适用传统损害赔偿责任构成要件理论。     

政治和技术的二分与互动——引证于“万人评议政府”绩效评估模式分析

政府绩效评估是一个由政治和技术构成的有机整体,在政治和技术二分的基础上把握两者的互动规律有助于我们更好地认识政府绩效评估的运行原理,探索提高其认同度和使用价值的方法。运用文本分析和深入访谈方法对珠海市“万人评议政府”这一个案进行了历史性分析,不仅发现了政治主导技术、技术约束政治的互动规律,而且发现了这种互动在流程上的非均衡性。基于上述发现提出的实践策略包括坚持评估目的与评估模式相匹配,选择合适的评估主体并合理分配评估权力,根据事前承诺运用评估结果。笔者基于上述理论反思和探索性分析认为,政治与技术的视角比较切合中国的政治制度,因为政治与技术的视角关注的是行政过程中的政治与技术之间的关系。     

著作权保护范围的确定及实质性相似的判断——以历史剧本类文字作品为视角

虽然数字时代的来临使得与网络相关的著作权纠纷日渐增多,但传统著作权纠纷在目前司法实践中仍占较大比例,部分案件的审理难度并未因多年实践经验的积累而有所降低,个案中对相关著作权法律问题的理解也呈现出一定差异.以历史剧本类文字作品为研究视角,对此类作品的著作权保护范围及侵权判断中实质性相似的认定方法进行了探讨,并结合国内外案例,对传统著作权法领域中的基本原则和理论在司法实践中的运用作了较为清晰的梳理,以求为相关案件的审理提供可资借鉴的标准和方法.     

三维视角中的公共行政概念

公共行政的概念在三重关系中获得了原则性的规定。首先,公共行政是在科学与伦理的关系中得到定位的,所要解决的是政府在社会治理中应当基于科学理念还是基于伦理观念的问题。在这个问题上,公共行政生成时期的学者们基本上主张依据科学的理念去进行政府体系建构,开展社会治理活动。第二,公共行政是在政治与行政的关系中获得相对独立性的,是在政治与行政的分化中通过赋予政治价值中立的特性而使行政具有了形式上的公共性。第三,是在私人性与公共性的区分中界定了公共行政,指认公共行政是公共部门的管理,以求区别于私人部门的管理活动。     

论基层政府党政关系的结构调适与职能均衡——超越传统政治与行政二分的路径

政治与行政二分问题始终是行政学争论的一个基本问题。但是,对于中国而言,政治与行政二分主要是党政关系的分离与协作,需要超越传统的理论进行分析。政治与行政两者的关系是既相互制衡而又相互协同的整体,在不同的政府体制和不同的层级政府之间其关系形态结构并不相同。当前,我国政治与行政二分的现实情况是基层政府党政职能关系交叉和组织重叠,导致党政关系出现缺位、越位和价值移位等问题。基层政府治理问题首先需要矫正党政职能关系和组织结构,并实现党政关系和职能更加有效的分工与协同。     

Sexual violence issues in eastern DRC: processes of global and local co-constitution

According to Séverine Autesserre, there is a dominant culture within the field of international peacebuilding in the Democratic Republic of Congo that excludes any action at the local level. This dichotomy between the local and the global is also noticeable in terms of women's rights, where international human rights law and local customs are opposed. But in order to grasp the complexity of the emancipation movements of the female victims of violence in North Kivu, we must consider the multiplicity of the semi-autonomous social fields that regulate the lives of individuals on the local and global spheres, as well as the social actors’ interactions within these spaces. Using the results of an ethnography study carried out in North Kivu between 2011 and 2012, we will see that these actors not only construct law, but they also inhabit normative systems built and maintained by them.     

‘It’s Not Like Never-the-Twain-Shall-Meet’: Politician–Staff Relationship Structures in Local Government

Local governments have two primary components: elected representatives and employed staff. The relationship between these two groups has significant impacts on local authority operation. Two key theoretical models used to characterise these relations, the well-established Politics/Administration Dichotomy and the recently conceived Complementarity Model, are employed here to explore relationships in New Zealand councils. Results show varying views regarding whether the separation of staff and elected representatives (councillors) is based on their respective roles or inputs. A role-based separation emphasises distinct ‘realms’, with elected representatives controlling policy making and staff controlling the implementation of policy. This approach supports a hegemonic relationship and embodies the Politics/Administration Dichotomy. On the other hand, an input-based separation emphasises the issues that each group should focus on, with councillors integrating community desires and staff contributing their technical expertise. The latter lends itself to interactive processes and is consistent with the Complementarity Model. Neither input nor role-based relationships are inherently superior; various empirical factors influence the suitability of each. This suggests that it is advantageous to have multiple theoretical models accounting for alternative local government relationship structures, but future research is needed to clarify the ‘best’ options for different contexts.     

中国与WTO及西方国家反倾销实体规则比较

Ｗ Ｔ Ｏ 的反倾销实体规则以及美欧反倾销法对倾销的成立、确定正常价值的方法、出口价格的确定、损害及其因果关系的认定、价格比较的调整等均作了规定,存在一致性,也有差异。我们应取其精华,完善我国的反倾销立法。特别是“乌拉圭回合”达成的《新协定》中的两分法意义重大。     

Education and training in public administration: transference of segmenting organizational behavior

Organizations can survive, let alone progress, only if they carry out meaningful transactions with society at large. This process requires they differentiate their “organizational being” to respond to clientele needs and/or user demands. The inherent problem is that these differentiated structures may become segmented into tightly closed systems, being in effect organizations within organization characterized by self-serving vested interests. Expediency becomes the operating rule. Segmentation is common to all societies, but it is especially prevalent in situations of decline.

Advanced in this discussion is that the segmentation process may be accelerated and consolidated by in-house training and education, and especially by those of a public management character. A plea is made for universities to become more actively engaged in (a) the preparation and placement of “quality” educated persons and (b) the search/development of new public organization.