The legitimization and institutionalization of ‘parental alienation’ in the Province of Quebec

ABSTRACT

This article examines the legitimization and institutionalization of ‘parental alienation’ discourse in the Province of Quebec, Canada. It draws upon an analysis of 31 documents (legislation, research reports and articles, training documents, professional documents and media articles) and interviews with 13 key informants, who were selected based on their knowledge of ‘parental alienation’ in research, policies or practices. The research findings reveal that the legitimization and institutionalization of ‘parental alienation’ discourse is a more recent process than in other provinces and countries, but that it has now permeated child custody as well as child protection proceedings. Academic researchers and media have been instrumental in this legitimization and institutionalization process, while the role played by changes to child protection policies is more ambiguous. The findings reveal researchers’ and experts’ tendency to distance themselves from Gardner’s controversial work on ‘parental alienation syndrome’ and to address the critiques by proposing new approaches and new concepts. However, the terms ‘parental alienation syndrome’, ‘parental alienation’ and ‘alienating behaviours’ are often used interchangeably, and assessment practices tend to rely on similar indicators.     

Resistance to Chronic Violence in Informal Workplaces: The Strategies of Domestic Workers in Brazil (2003–2018)

This article analyses the repertoire of individual strategies utilised by domestic workers to resist routinised workplace violence in the cities of São Paulo and Ilhéus, Brazil. Findings suggest that domestic workers favour two strategies of resistance: exit (quitting work without prior notice) and voice (negotiating workplace conditions). The latter strategy is divided into two subtypes: voice-pleading (appealing to decency) and voice-confrontation (warning and rights-claiming). Voice strategies appear more effective than exit in ameliorating patterns of chronic workplace violence, particularly when they incorporate labour rights claims and when emotional ties exist between workers and employers.     

民族志:消费主义文化与当今人类问题

论文从民族志的视角,以交通工具之独轮车、汽车与高铁车辆发展的现实回答有关消费、消费主义文化与当今人类面临的问题,认为应对符号消费或者"凡勃伦效应"的出口在于践行"绿色消费"。     

非正规的“正规化”:劳动力市场分割与家政服务企业——基于2019年四个城市的家政工人调查

在非正规就业盛行的家政市场,家政服务企业的重要性日益凸显,亟待考察这些劳动力市场中介机构的就业效果。通过分析2019年四个城市的家政工人调查数据,发现家政服务企业的发展可能会影响家政业内不同工种的收入差距,改变非正规就业市场的原有结构。伴随管理者企业的介入,家务员收入大幅提升,母婴护理员和家庭保洁员的收入则出现下降。家政企业对工人收入的改善和工作正规化的促进作用是有限的。本文不仅呈现了家政就业市场内部的异质性,为家政工作的正规化讨论提供中国经验数据,还指出劳动力市场中介机构在以女性为主的非正规就业市场上的特殊性,具有一定政策意义。     

Domestic Contestation and Presidential Prerogative in Colombian Foreign Policy

The study of Colombian foreign policy emphasises external constraints and presidential prerogative in foreign policymaking. Drawing on insights from recent foreign policy analysis literature and evidence from several cases (Plan Colombia, US military bases, free trade talks with China, and ICJ arbitration of a maritime border with Nicaragua), this article challenges commonplace presidentialist assumptions. A novel model of ‘contested presidentialism’ better captures how Colombian domestic actors mobilise to raise political costs to block or modify presidential preferences. When the opposition fails to raise costs, presidentialist assumptions apply. Otherwise, presidents respond strategically by abandoning policies or substituting second-best alternatives.     

消费公益诉讼原告主体的扩张与完善

目前,我国提起消费公益诉讼原告范围的规定过窄,阻碍了消费公益诉讼发挥应有价值。基于公益诉讼原告资格扩张的理论,消费公益诉讼的诉讼主体呈现广泛性的特点。公民提起消费公益诉讼可以弥补“官方组织”提起消费公益诉讼的不足,充分发挥律师在消费公益诉讼中的作用。应在借鉴美国消费者集体诉讼制度的基础上,确认公民具有提起消费公益诉讼的资格。     

析资本主义拜物教的意识形态根源

马克思关于资本主义社会普遍存在的拜物教现象所作的精辟分析是建立在对资本主义社会的历史唯物主义阐释之上的,理解这一意识现象除了从经济、社会的维度把握其产生的根源,还要了解其意识形态根源,拜物教思想既有古老的宗教意识残留同时也是启蒙运动的产物,人的解放及人的需要的发展和放大对拜物教思想的盛行起了机杼性的作用。     

消费理论的行为化趋向

最近 2 0多年里 ,行为理论在消费理论方面的研究取得了重要进展 ,而主流消费理论也正朝着以行为分析为基础的方向发展 ,二者的相互融合将构成未来宏观消费理论发展的突出特征     

ASSESSING MUTUAL PARTNER-ABUSE CLAIMS IN CHILD CUSTODY AND ACCESS CASES

This article explores issues associated with mutual claims of domestic violence in the context of research on gender and violence, and in the context of litigation tactics commonly employed by perpetrators in child custody and access cases. Quotations from parents involved in such cases illustrate why accurate assessment of mutual cliams requires complete information about social context and the analysis of patterns of domination, power and control in the relationship over time. Recent developments in Canadian law ought to enhance the ability of judges to take such evidence into account. The article aims to provide a lens through which to understand and assess such cases.     

中国实行扩大内需政策的国际经济背景与影响

中国之所以实行扩大内需政策并使其长期化 ,与中国经济发展外需依存度高 ,而国际经济环境趋于严峻又导致外需大幅波动直接相关。近年导致中国外需大幅波动的国际经济背景包括东亚金融危机、美国经济减速和日本经济衰退等方面。为化解外需波动的消极影响 ,中国从 1998年起实行了以积极财政政策和稳健货币政策为核心的扩大内需政策并取得了显著效果 ,不仅对保持中国经济的持续快速增长产生了重要作用 ,而且也对全球尤其是区域经济发展做出了巨大贡献 ,包括缓解东亚金融危机、加速东亚经济回升和减缓全球经济衰退。