技术创新的外部效应与生态化转向研究

技术创新的外部效应是导致环境污染与生态恶化的诱因之一。在市场条件下,通过征收庇古税等方法,虽然可以纠正这种外部效应,但没有从根本上解除环境污染与生态恶化等问题。实现技术创新生态化,使技术创新朝有利于可持续发展的方向发展是解决技术创新外部效应的必然选择,也是根本出路。     

都市生态治理中党政干部领导力探讨

推进都市生态治理是促进区域经济社会协调可持续发展的应有之义.本文以A省S市都市生态治理中党政干部领导力为基点,阐释了S市党政干部在生态治理中发挥的核心作用,同时也发现其中面临领导动力弱化、领导效益损耗、领导协同失效、领导制度选择性执行等困局.因此,应从增强都市生态治理中党政干部领导自洽力、提升领导转换力、激活领导制度力...     

Why economics needs to be distinguished from physics,and why economists need to talk to physicists: a response to Foster and Holleman

Foster and Holleman argue that the systems ecologist H.T. Odum offered a valid theoretical framework for conceptualizing ecologically unequal exchange, and demonstrate its affinity with the Marxian theory of unequal exchange of embodied labour. However, both approaches suffer from the same fundamental confusion of the biophysical and the economic. The affinity between labour and energy theories of the unequal exchange of value was demonstrated by S.C. Lonergan already in 1988, but to thus define asymmetric transfers of biophysical resources in terms of underpaid ‘use values’ is misleading. Foster's recent endorsement of Odum is inconsistent with his earlier rejection of Odum's intellectual ancestor S. Podolinsky. While the ambition to ecologize Marx is laudable, it is in the interests of correct historiography and contemporary environmental justice activism to untangle some of the analytical problems in Foster and Holleman's article. A major problem is their failure to acknowledge the implications of N. Georgescu-Roegen's conceptualization of the relation between economics and thermodynamics.     

Creating Settings for Youth Empowerment and Leadership: An Ecological Perspective

Youth development programs are increasingly focusing on youth empowerment and leadership, a shift which often requires adult staff to adopt new roles and practices. This article explores staff practice in the context of a multisite initiative designed to engage marginalized youth in social change through youth-led grants. Interviews with youth workers and managers revealed practices at multiple ecological levels. Individual-level practices supported youths’ capacities to participate. Group-level practices fostered social interactions and activities that actualized the youth-led approach. Setting-level practices created structures that supported and protected group activities while organization-level practices promoted a favorable environment for youth leadership. Analyzed from an ecological and activity settings perspective, these results contribute to understanding the multifaceted and complex nature of youth work in power-sharing practice models. Practice implications include identifying training needs to help practitioners navigate across multiple ecological levels and suggesting reflection questions for practitioners.     

Is there a global environmental justice movement?

One of the causes of the increasing number of ecological distribution conflicts around the world is the changing metabolism of the economy in terms of growing flows of energy and materials. There are conflicts on resource extraction, transport and waste disposal. Therefore, there are many local complaints, as shown in the Atlas of Environmental Justice (EJatlas) and other inventories. And not only complaints; there are also many successful examples of stopping projects and developing alternatives, testifying to the existence of a rural and urban global movement for environmental justice. Moreover, since the 1980s and 1990s, this movement has developed a set of concepts and campaign slogans to describe and intervene in such conflicts. They include environmental racism, popular epidemiology, the environmentalism of the poor and the indigenous, biopiracy, tree plantations are not forests, the ecological debt, climate justice, food sovereignty, land grabbing and water justice, among other concepts. These terms were born from socio-environmental activism, but sometimes they have also been taken up by academic political ecologists and ecological economists who, for their part, have contributed other concepts to the global environmental justice movement, such as ‘ecologically unequal exchange’ or the ‘ecological footprint’.     

乡风文明建设的理论探究与现实思考

党和国家明确提出了建设社会主义新农村的五项指标,其中,“乡风文明”和“村容整洁”共同构成社会主义新农村的内在和外在形象。乡风是否文明直接关系到建设社会主义新农村的进程。“乡风文明”包含在“社会主义精神文明建设”和“中国特色社会主义文化建设”的活动内容之中。因此,要加大精神文明建设的力度,大力发展社会主义先进文化,为建设社会主义新农村、构建和谐社会提供强大的精神支撑,促进农村经济社会的协调发展。     

资源型城镇产业接续机制与实证

该文提出“在资源鼎盛期率先打造产业接替的基础条件、规避资源枯竭后再进行转型的世界性难题”的观点,指出矿区工业-生态产业链的结构设计是解决矿区传统经济发展方式与生态环境之间尖锐矛盾的有效途径.以平朔矿区为例,从循环经济角度,分析了矿区工业-生态产业链结构设计的必要性和可行性,探讨了矿区工业-生态产业链结构设计的目标、原则和依据.在矿区现有资源和条件基础上,构建了两条相互依存的产业链:一是以煤为主,电、化、硅铝、建材并举的黑色工业产业链；二是以土地复垦与复垦土地利用为主,种、养、加一体化的绿色生态产业链；对其产业链的结构、功能和效益进行了分析,提出了在矿区工业-生态产业链实施过程中应注意的关键问题.     

我国生态环境恢复立法析要

生态环境的可持续发展是实现经济和社会可持续发展的前提。生态环境的可持续发展既需要预防生态环境退化,还应根据生态环境发生退化的程度对其进行事后恢复。生态环境恢复关系到＂当代人＂和＂后代人＂的环境权益。与传统环境立法不同,生态环境恢复立法更强调对已经被破坏的生态环境进行事后救济。我国现行立法中,这方面的法律规范尚有诸多缺失,应加强生态环境恢复方面的立法,为生态环境的可持续发展提供法制保障。     

思维方式的演进与生态型政府的构建

人类历史上每一次科技革命或社会制度的变革,从某种意义上说,都与思维方式的更新密切相关。政府作为社会公共事务的管理者,其行政理念、思维方式直接影响着政府模式的选择和行政管理的效果。人类的思维方式从古代的整体性思维到近代的主客二元对立思维直至现代生态思维的嬗变,政府模式也相应经历了从古代朴素、低级的生态型政府到近代的反生态型政府直至现代的生态型政府模式的转变,这中间经历了一个否定之否定的历史发展进程。     

中国特色社会主义的再认识——从“五种社会形态说”的突破与创新谈起

"五种社会形态说"把马克思的相关论述不当地扩大了适用范围和理论外延,并作为理论公式被机械地套用。这样不仅无法解释大量历史现象,而且也造成了理论上的混乱。文明类型学说是对它的突破和创新:扩展了考察视野,转换了理论视角,变"单线发展"为"多线互动",纠正了传统社会发展理论机械论的倾向,使马克思主义关于社会形态和社会发展的理论更加符合实际,更加具有解释力。文明类型学说对于认识世界社会主义运动实践、特别是中国特色社会主义具有重要的理论意义。