论我国监狱生产体制的重构

我国监狱生产对促进罪犯改造、维护社会稳定、推动监狱事业的发展,发挥了重要的作用。但是随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的建立和完善,重新构建监狱生产的理想模式、研究监狱生产发展的思路已势在必行,文章结合我国监狱生产体制在运行中存在的问题,对我国监狱生产体制重构的主要途径和方法进行了探讨。     

Old and New Labour Narratives of Whitehall: Radicals,Reactionaries and Defenders of the Westminster Model

This article argues that throughout its history, the leadership of the Labour Party has chosen to embrace a benign view of the Civil Service, as part of a wider acceptance of the constitutional status quo reflected in the Westminster model. There has nevertheless been a long tradition in the wider Labour movement that has questioned whether Whitehall is capable of working for a government with radical aspirations. This article examines Labour's historical approach towards Whitehall, before reflecting on the extent to which the present Administration, while appealing to radical and reforming rhetoric has, like its predecessors, continued to embrace the status quo. It concludes by arguing that a contemporary and credible narrative capable of challenging the Westminster model has yet to emerge from the broader movement.     

论邓小平对当代中国行政改革道路的设计

行政改革是一项艰巨而复杂的系统工程。对于当代中国的行政改革 ,邓小平主张从实际出发 ,选择“渐进式改革”的途径和方式。“渐进式改革”有其自身的鲜明特点和特定内容 ,坚持渐进式行政改革的道路 ,是保证当代中国行政改革走向成功的正确选择     

解放思想是怎样成为改革开放先导的

本文围绕真理标准大讨论成为解放思想的突破口、思想路线的恢复和重新确立使解放思想和以人为本成为题中之义、解放思想推动我国经济社会的三次转型及其在新时期所具有的复杂性和层次性等三个方面,揭示和阐明解放思想是怎样成为改革开放先导的。     

New Thinking in Financial Market Regulation: Dismantling the “Split Share Structure” of Chinese Listed Companies

China’s distinctive set of stock market institutions was introduced in 1990. Among the characteristics of China’s stock markets was a strict separation between different categories of investors. Listed companies issued different categories of shares to state shareholders, domestic corporate investors, domestic individual investors, and foreign investors. By 2005, the barriers segmenting China’s stock market had been significantly relaxed. Domestic investors were allowed to purchase shares previously reserved for foreign investors, and approved foreign investors were allowed to purchase shares previously earmarked for domestic individuals. Nevertheless, a crucial barrier remained. An ongoing debate among Chinese academics, investors, and policy makers focused on how to resolve the “split share structure” (guquan fen zhi) in which a minority of shares were tradable while the majority of shares (namely those reserved for domestic corporate and state shareholders) were excluded from the market. The split share structure was blamed for distorting prices and inhibiting development of the stock market. This paper analyzes the policy adopted to address the split share structure. To what extent does this policy change reflect new thinking on the part of China’s market regulators? This paper argues that analysis of policy making in China’s capital markets can help to distinguish between two competing assessments of China’s political economy. One account sees China pursuing a gradualist strategy, slowly but steadily expanding the role of markets. Another account sees China trapped in a semi-marketized and increasingly corrupt development pattern. The implementation of the split share structure reform program provides evidence to support the gradualist account of incremental, but persistent, reform. Mary Comerford Cooper is an assistant professor in political science at the Ohio State University. Her recent research focuses on the politics of financial markets in China and Taiwan. Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the Comparative Politics Research Workshop/ Globalization, Institutions and Economic Security Workshop at Ohio State University in May 2007, and at the annual meeting of the Association for Chinese Political Studies in July 2007. I benefited greatly from the constructive and insightful comments of Bj?rn Alpermann, Melanie Barr, Jean-Marc Blanchard, Sarah Brooks, Joseph Fewsmith, Sujian Guo, Dane Imerman, Ryan Kennedy, Marcus Kurtz, Xiaoyu Pu, James Reilly, Alex Thompson, Daniel Verdier, Jianwei Wang, Alan Wiseman, Bin Yu, and an anonymous reviewer. I am also grateful for Lan Hu’s exceptional research assistance. All remaining flaws are purely my own.     

The Influence of Legal Reform on the Probability of Arrest in Domestic Violence Cases

Using domestic violence incidence and arrest data from Maryland (1991–1997), this research examines whether the proportion of incidents that result in arrest increased due to a legislative initiative implemented in 1994 and, if so, whether this change is uniform across different types of offenders (race and gender) and offense characteristics. Using interrupted time‐series analysis (ARIMA), we observe an increase in both the number of incidents reported to police and the percent of reported cases resulting in arrest. The legislative intervention has a significant positive impact on arrest likelihood above and beyond the increase over time for the state as a whole. While arrest probabilities increased across the board for males and females, African American and Whites, the ARIMA models do not suggest that the legislation differentially impacted arrest probabilities for these groups.     

论布雷顿森林机构表决权集中制度的改革

布雷顿森林机构的表决权集中制度可以弥补投票权分配制度的不足。但现行的表决权集中制度问题不少,改革时可以适当增加要求全体通过的事项;降低特定多数通过的比例要求,有效地运用和发展双重多数通过制;明确协商一致的内涵和外延,限制它的保留和解释,明确和提高它的法律地位,并作为表决权集中制度的常规和先导;引入公司治理中关于保护中小股东利益的做法,如实行累积投票制等。     

医疗卫生体制改革中完善市场机制的思考

本文从经济学理论入手,分析了我国医疗卫生体制改革中存在问题的主要根源,探讨了完善医疗卫生领域市场机制的具体对策,提出了我国的医疗服务体制改革必须规避市场化过度,走适合中国国情的道路,即充分建立起在政府适当干预下的、完善的医疗卫生市场机制的建议。     

侦查到案制度:从现实到理想——一个实证角度的研究

传唤、拘传、口头传唤、留置、抓捕构成了实践中的侦查到案措施体系。对三个典型地区公安机关的调研表明,法定到案措施与非法定到案措施的适用明显错位。根据研究资料分析:审批程序耗时与到案期限紧张这两个因素造成了法定到案措施适用率低下;相比而言,非法定到案措施具有适用条件灵活、适用机制简便、适用手段具有不同程度的强制性以及适用期限弹性较大等特点,由于这些特点,侦查人员较愿选择非法定到案措施。实践中到案措施体系的犯罪控制功能显而易见,从程序正当角度评价,这一体系的运行既有权力控制的倾向,也有权力滥用、不当限制权利的倾向。侦查到案制度的改革应坚持犯罪控制与人权保障相平衡的理念,汲取实践中的理性做法,适当参考国外同类制度,建立一个逻辑严密、协调一致,能够充分应对各类案件特点和证据条件的到案措施体系。     

政府机构改革与体制创新

政府机构改革与体制创新不仅是加强政府自身改革和建设的一项重要任务,而且是落实科学发展观和构建社会主义和谐社会的必然要求。文章认为,政府机构改革与体制创新应从转变政府职能;创新管理方式;依法规范中央和地方的职能权限,理顺条块关系;加强法制建设,改革和完善国家公务员的选拔任用机制和公共财政体制七个方面入手。